知识吸收能力及其影响因素对农民合作社绩效的作用研究

发布时间：2018-05-09 15:30

  本文选题：农民合作社 + 知识吸收能力　； 参考：《江苏大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：我国的农民合作社是为了提高小农户和大市场的对接程度和新知识应用水平,解决个体农户在新技术、新品种引进、农产品加工、储藏、销售等方面存在的关键问题而形成的市场经济组织。在经济全球化和知识经济高速发展的背景下,知识吸收能力和组织学习行为对农民合作社成长以及持续发展的价值愈发明显。国外合作社发展的诸多成功经验都与其对新知识、新技术的吸收能力、组织内部的知识管理密切相关。然而,目前我国农民合作社知识基础薄弱、资源利用率低下、科技创新能力不强,导致可持续发展能力普遍不强,严重阻碍了农业现代化建设。因此,如何激励农民合作社对新知识的开放态度,增强其知识吸收能力,获得市场竞争优势,进而提高农民合作社绩效,是目前亟需研究和解决的重大现实问题。本文结合定性分析和定量研究,系统地探析了知识吸收能力及其影响因素与农民合作社绩效的关系。首先,锁定江苏省为实地考察的典型省份,分别对苏中、苏南、苏北的若干具有代表性的农民合作社进行深度访谈和半结构化访谈,采用扎根理论方法提炼了农民合作社知识吸收能力三个层面的影响因素。其次,在界定了农民合作社绩效的基础上,从市场绩效、社会绩效和创新绩效三个维度刻画农民合作社绩效的内涵,按照知识吸收能力研究的“前因-过程-后果”为基本范式,提出了一个在农村社会特定情境下的知识吸收能力影响因素、知识吸收能力和农民合作社绩效的整体理论模型。再次,开发了面向农民合作社的知识吸收能力、影响因素、绩效的测量量表,并对江苏省范围内农民合作社的700名成员进行调研,回收了有效问卷414份,采用结构方程模型方法验证了本文所提出的理论模型。最后,本文以农民合作社的可持续发展为最终立足点,研究了知识吸收能力和农民合作社绩效的提升策略。主要研究结论如下:第一,农民合作社知识吸收能力的影响因素包括个体层因素、组织层因素和外部层因素。个体知识存量积极影响知识吸收能力;个体的异质性经验能够促进农民合作社获取和消化外部新知识;而带头人的领导力越强,越有助于提高知识吸收能力。农民合作社丰富的先验知识、合理的业务培训和内部的信任程度均是影响知识吸收能力的关键因素;而吸收意愿对增强农民合作社知识吸收能力的影响并不显著。农民合作社的外部社会网络关系规模越大,稳定合作的外部机构数量越多,获取知识的渠道也就越丰富,转换和应用新知识、新技术的机会越大,此外,政府和地方涉农部门的支持能够有效引导农民合作社提高知识吸收能力。第二,潜在知识吸收能力和实现知识吸收能力均能提升农民合作社绩效。潜在知识吸收能力强调获取和消化,借助这种能力,农民合作社能够比较充分地了解外部环境和自身能力,提高应对市场变化的战略柔性,更有效地调用和配置农民合作社的知识资源,满足农民合作社的发展需求。而实现知识吸收能力(转换和应用能力)主要在于探索和应用新知识、新技术,致力于实现农民合作社的资源整合,赋予所获知识以衍生性,维持和增强其市场竞争能力,从而促进绩效的增长。农民合作社需同时培养潜在知识吸收能力和实现知识吸收能力,实现两种能力的均衡发展,推动农民合作社绩效的持续增长。第三,部分影响因素能够通过知识吸收能力的中介作用积极影响农民合作社绩效。农民合作社在发展过程中,会受到各种外生因素的影响,包括个体知识存量、带头人领导力、先验知识、信任程度、社会资本和政府支持。这些来自不同层面的因素,通过潜在和实现知识吸收能力积极作用于农民合作社绩效。因此,在政府的扶持和鼓励下,农民合作社应致力于提高个体的知识存量,努力培养优质合格的带头人,发展学习型组织并增加先验知识,加强内部信任关系,积累可靠稳固的外部社会关系,进而促进其可持续发展。基于上述研究结论,本文相应提出了知识吸收能力和农民合作社绩效的提升策略。一方面,通过增强农民合作社成员的知识资本,强化农民合作社内部知识管理,创建全方位的社会支持体系促进农民合作社的潜在和实现知识吸收能力。另一方面,通过增强农民合作社的人力资本,培养农民合作社成为学习型组织,并优化其发展环境,进而推动农民合作社绩效的稳步前进,实现其可持续发展。
[Abstract]:The farmers' Cooperative in China is a market economy organization which is formed to solve the key problems of individual farmers in the fields of new technology, new variety introduction, processing, storage and sale of agricultural products, in order to improve the degree of docking of small farmers and the big market and the application of new knowledge, and it is known that the economic globalization and the rapid development of knowledge economy are in the background of the economic globalization and the rapid development of knowledge economy. The value of absorptive capacity and organizational learning behavior is more obvious to the growth and sustainable development of farmers' cooperatives. The successful experience of the foreign cooperative development is closely related to the new knowledge, the absorptive capacity of new technology and the knowledge management within the organization. However, the knowledge base of the farmers' cooperatives is weak and the utilization rate of the resources in our country is at present. Low, scientific and technological innovation ability is not strong and the ability of sustainable development is generally not strong, which has seriously hindered the construction of agricultural modernization. Therefore, how to encourage the open attitude of the farmers' cooperatives to the new knowledge, enhance their knowledge absorption ability, gain the competitive advantage of the market, and then improve the performance of farmers' cooperatives is a major need to be studied and solved at present. On the basis of qualitative analysis and quantitative research, this paper systematically analyses the relationship between knowledge absorptive capacity and its influencing factors and the performance of farmers' cooperatives. First, the typical provinces of Jiangsu Province, which are the representative provinces of the Soviet Union, South of Jiangsu and Northern Jiangsu, are interviewed and semi structured. In the interview, the influence factors of three levels of knowledge absorption capacity of farmers' cooperatives are extracted with the method of grounded theory. Secondly, on the basis of the definition of the performance of farmers' cooperatives, the connotation of the performance of farmers' cooperatives is depicted from the three dimensions of market performance, social performance and innovation performance. As a basic paradigm, a comprehensive theoretical model of knowledge absorptive capacity, knowledge absorption capacity and farmer cooperative performance is proposed in the rural society. Thirdly, the knowledge absorptive capacity, influencing factors, performance measurement scale and farmer cooperatives in Jiangsu province are developed. 700 members were investigated, 414 valid questionnaires were recovered, and the structural equation model was used to verify the theoretical model proposed in this paper. Finally, this paper, taking the sustainable development of farmers' cooperatives as the ultimate foothold, studied the knowledge absorption ability and the improvement strategy of farmers' cooperative performance. The main conclusions are as follows: first, the farmers The factors affecting the knowledge absorption ability of cooperatives include individual level, organizational and external factors. The stock of individual knowledge positively affects the ability of knowledge absorption; the individual's heterogeneity experience can promote the acquisition and digestion of new knowledge of the farmers, and the stronger the leader's leadership, the more help to improve the ability of knowledge absorption. The rich apriori knowledge, the reasonable business training and the degree of internal trust are the key factors that affect the ability of knowledge absorption, while the effect of willingness to absorb the knowledge absorption ability of farmers' cooperatives is not significant. The larger the scale of the social network relations of the farmers' cooperatives, the more the number of external institutions for stable cooperation. In addition, the more access to knowledge, the more opportunities for the conversion and application of new knowledge, the greater the opportunities for new technologies. In addition, the support of the government and local agriculture departments can effectively guide farmers' cooperatives to improve their knowledge absorption capacity. Second, the potential knowledge absorption capacity and the realization of knowledge absorption ability can improve the performance of farmers' cooperatives. It emphasizes acquisition and digestion. With this ability, farmers' cooperatives can fully understand the external environment and their own capabilities, improve the strategic flexibility to cope with the market changes, call and configure the knowledge resources of farmers' cooperatives more effectively, and meet the development needs of farmers' cooperatives. Ability) is to explore and apply new knowledge, new technology, to realize the integration of the resources of farmers' cooperatives, to give the acquired knowledge to be derived, to maintain and enhance their ability to compete in the market, so as to promote the growth of performance. The farmers' cooperatives need to develop the ability to absorb potential knowledge and realize the ability of knowledge absorption at the same time, and realize the two abilities. The balanced development will promote the continuous growth of farmers' cooperative performance. Third, some factors can positively affect the performance of farmers' cooperatives through the intermediary role of knowledge absorption ability. In the process of development, farmers' cooperatives will be influenced by various exogenous factors, including individual knowledge stock, leader leadership, prior knowledge and trust process. Degree, social capital and government support. These factors from different levels are active in the performance of farmers' cooperatives through potential and knowledge absorption capabilities. Therefore, under the support and encouragement of the government, farmers' cooperatives should devote themselves to improving the knowledge stock of the individual. Nu Lipei raises quality and qualified leaders, develops learning organizations and increases. Adding prior knowledge, strengthening the internal trust relationship, accumulating reliable and stable external social relations, and promoting its sustainable development. Based on the conclusions above, this paper puts forward the strategy of improving the knowledge absorption capacity and the performance of farmers' cooperatives. On the one hand, strengthening the knowledge capital of the farmers' Cooperative members and strengthening the farmers' cooperatives. On the other hand, by strengthening the human capital of farmers' cooperatives, Cultivating Farmers' cooperatives to become learning organizations, and optimizing their development environment, and then pushing forward the steady progress of the performance of farmers' cooperatives to achieve their sustainable development. Continue to develop.

【学位授予单位】：江苏大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F321.42
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本文编号：1866555