空间信息技术在农地流转绩效评价中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-06-28 02:46

本文选题：地理信息系统 + 农业应用　；参考：《长安大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：地球空间信息科学、生物科学和纳米技术是当今社会最重要以及发展最快的三大领域。地球空间信息科学是对与地球和空间分布有关的数据进行采集、分析、存储以及应用的一门科学与技术,也称为地理信息科学或空间信息科学。随着社会信息化进程的加快,以空间信息处理为核心的地理信息技术已经被广泛应用在地质勘探、环境治理、水利普查、城市规划、土地调查等多个领域。地理信息系统存储的空间数据结合相关模型和决策支持系统可以形成强有力的管理工具,为农业精细管理提供技术支持。当前农业作为国民经济发展中相对薄弱的环节,农业信息发展也相对滞后。土地问题作为“三农”问题的核心和基础。自1978年我国实行家庭联产承包责任制以来,农户的生产积极性得到充分调动,农村发生了巨大变化。但伴随城镇化、工业化的快速推进,以家庭分散经营为主要特点的承包责任制难以适应规模化、高效化的现代农业要求,全国各地随之展开了一系列农村土地流转实践活动,目前农村土地流转呈现参与主体多元化、流转方式多样化的特征,但农地流转规模较小、耕地细碎化以及流转信息传递不完整、农用地流转后出现“非农化”、“非粮化”等倾向也逐渐凸显。基于此,只有及时了解和掌握农地流转后对社会产生的影响,及时指导农村土地健康流转,以实现农村土地资源的优化配置。本文在地理信息系统理论、博弈理论、地租地价理论、信息经济学理论等相关理论的支撑下,在对农村农用地流转综合绩效进行评价的基础上,建立了基于ArcGIS的农用地流转数据库,设计开发了农地流转绩效评价决策支持系统。取得的主要研究进展如下:1、建立农地流转相关主体行为博弈模型。在对目前农地流转发展过程梳理基础上,围绕经济效益分别建立了农地流入方与农地流出方的租金博弈模型、基层组织与农地流转双方行为合法性博弈模型,分析了在不同情境下农地流转相关主体可能的行为选择,为农地流转绩效评价奠定基础。2、实证分析农地流转绩效评价问题。构建农地流转综合绩效评价体系,在实地调研基础上,分别运用层次分析法和模糊综合评价法研究调研区农地流转绩效。结果表明,模糊综合评价法有效降低了个人主观因素对评价结果的影响,该方法得到的结果更贴近实际。3、设计农地流转绩效评价决策支持系统的体系结构框架。在需求分析基础上,依据科学性、实用性、开放性、可靠性及可操作性等原则,将农地流转绩效评价模型与GIS技术相耦合,设计了基于GIS的农地流转绩效评价决策支持系统,实现对抽象数据及绩效评价结果的可视化,用此系统可以及时了解农地流转状况,为监管农地流转后的状况提供了技术支持。4、设计并建立农地流转绩效评价数据库。采用E-R模型建模法,建立了农地流转数据库概念模型,基于用户需求,设计了基于GIS的农地流转数据模型,通过数据转化、矢量化等方法建立农地流转数据库,实现对农地流转信息的及时掌握。5、完成农地流转绩效评价决策支持系统开发。运用模糊综合评价理论建立了荥阳市农地流转绩效评价模型,并将此模型与GIS技术耦合,开发出基于GIS的农地流转绩效评价系统,对农地流转绩效评价结果进行显示,效果良好。
[Abstract]:Geospatial information science, biological science and nanotechnology are the three most important and fastest developing fields in today's society. The geospatial information science is a science and technology for collecting, analyzing, storing and applying data related to the distribution of the earth and space, also known as geographic information science or space information science. The rapid development of the social information process, the geographic information technology, with spatial information processing as the core, has been widely used in many fields, such as geological exploration, environmental governance, water conservancy census, urban planning, land survey and so on. The spatial data stored in GIS can be combined with the relevant model and decision support system to form a powerful management worker. As a relatively weak link in the development of the national economy, agriculture is a relatively weak link in the development of the national economy, and the development of agricultural information is also lagging behind. The land problem is the core and foundation of the "three rural" problems. Since the implementation of the household contract responsibility system in China in 1978, the production enthusiasm of the farmers has been fully mobilized, and the rural areas have been fully mobilized. Great changes have taken place, but with the urbanization, the rapid advancement of industrialization, the contract responsibility system, which is characterized by the decentralized management of the family, is difficult to adapt to the large-scale and efficient modern agricultural requirements. A series of rural land circulation practices have been carried out in all parts of the country. The circulation of rural land presents the diversification of the participants and the circulation of the rural land before the eyes. There is a variety of characteristics, but the circulation of farmland is small, the farmland is fragmented and the transfer of information is incomplete. The tendency of "non agricultural" and "non grain" is gradually highlighted. Based on this, only timely understanding and mastering the influence of the rural land circulation on the society, and guiding the healthy circulation of rural land in time, On the basis of the theory of geographic information system, game theory, land rent and land price theory, information economics theory and other related theories, based on the evaluation of the comprehensive performance of rural agricultural land circulation, this paper establishes a ArcGIS based agricultural land transfer database, and designs and develops the agricultural land circulation performance. The main research progress is as follows: 1, establish the game model of the related subject behavior of the agricultural land circulation. On the basis of the current development of the agricultural land circulation, the rent game model of the rural land inflow side and the agricultural land outflow party is set up on the basis of the economic efficiency, and the behavior of the grass-roots organizations and the farmland transfer is legal. The model of sex game is used to analyze the possible behavior choice of the related subjects of farmland transfer under different situations, establish the foundation.2 for the performance evaluation of agricultural land circulation, analyze the problem of the performance evaluation of agricultural land circulation, and construct the comprehensive performance evaluation system of agricultural land circulation. On the basis of field investigation, the classification method and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method are studied. The results show that the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method effectively reduces the impact of individual subjective factors on the evaluation results. The results obtained by this method are more close to the actual.3, and the system framework of the decision support system for agricultural land transfer performance evaluation is designed. Based on the requirement analysis, it is based on the scientific, practical, open and reliable basis. The performance evaluation model of farmland transfer and the GIS technology are coupled, and the decision support system based on GIS is designed to realize the visualization of the abstract data and the results of the performance evaluation. This system can be used to understand the status of the agricultural land circulation in time and provide the technology for the supervision of the situation after the transfer of agricultural land. Support.4, design and establish the agricultural land circulation performance evaluation database. Using the E-R model modeling method, the concept model of the land transfer database is established. Based on the user needs, the data model of the farmland transfer based on GIS is designed. The agricultural land flow database is set up through data transformation and Vectorization, so as to realize the timely mastery of the information of the farmland transfer. 5, complete the development of land transfer performance evaluation decision support system. Using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation theory to establish the Xingyang agricultural land transfer performance evaluation model, and coupled the model and GIS technology to develop a GIS based land transfer performance evaluation system, and the results of the agricultural land transfer performance evaluation are shown, the effect is good.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F321.1

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