农村独居老人机构养老需求意愿及其生活质量影响因素的研究

发布时间：2017-12-28 08:54

本文关键词：农村独居老人机构养老需求意愿及其生活质量影响因素的研究　出处：《锦州医科大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目的本研究旨在了解辽宁省农村独居老人机构养老需求意愿及其生活质量情况,分析影响其机构养老需求意愿及生活质量的主要因素,为农村机构养老模式的推进及农村独居老人生活质量的提高提供理论依据。方法本研究于2015年3月~2016年4月之间,采用便利抽样的方式,从辽宁省抽取八个县(朝阳县、建昌县、台安县、义县、昌图县、抚顺县、本溪满族自治县、辽中县),再从每个县中方便抽取一个行政村,严格按照纳入、排除标准选取302名农村独居老人为本研究的研究对象,采用入户、面对面的方式对研究对象进行问卷调查。所用问卷:一般情况调查表、社会支持评定量表、简明健康状况调查表。统计方面,采用SPSS20.0统计软件包对数据进行描述性分析、t检验、F检验、卡方检验、Pearson相关分析、多元线性回归分析、Logistic回归分析、Spearman相关分析。结果本次调查的302例农村独居老人中,选择机构养老者有83人,占总人数27.5%;老人社会支持总分为(29.85±5.83)分,低于国内常摸(34.56±3.73)分,差异有统计学意义(t=12.221,P0.001);生活质量8个维度中,得分最高的是躯体疼痛维度(62.25±19.41)分,最低的为总体健康维度(32.16±31.62)分。月收入、儿子数量、患病数量、社会支持总分对农村独居老人机构养老需求意愿有显著影响(P0.05)。年龄、患病数量、客观支持及社会支持总分对农村独居老人的生活质量有显著影响(P0.05)。农村独居老人机构养老需求意愿与其生活质量八个维度及总分均存在相关性,相关性均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论辽宁省农村独居老人对机构养老模式有一定的需求意愿,但由于经济、观念等因素的制约,愿意选择机构养老的老人比例不高;独居老人社会支持水平较低,须完善其社会支持网络;在独居老人生活质量的维度中,总体健康情况较差,需要引起重视。月收入、儿子数量、患病数量、社会支持是农村独居老人机构养老需求意愿的主要影响因素。年龄、患病数量、客观支持及社会支持总分是农村独居老人生活质量的主要影响因素,提高其生活质量,需要从影响因素出发。农村独居老人机构养老需求意愿与其生活质量存在相关性,提高农村独居老人的生活质量,应当推进机构养老模式进程;推进机构养老方式应以满足其养老需求,提高其生活质量为基点。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study is to understand the rural elderly pension institutions in Liaoning province and the quality of life demands, analysis of main factors affecting the demand of pension institutions and the quality of life, and provide a theoretical basis for promoting the quality of life of rural and rural elderly pension model to improve the mechanism. Methods in this study between March 2015 ~2016 April, using convenience sampling method, eight counties in Liaoning province were selected (Chaoyang County, Jianchang County, Taiwan County, Yixian, Changtu County, Fushun County, Benxi Manchu Autonomous County, Liaozhong County), then from each county in a convenient administrative village were, in strict accordance with the the inclusion and exclusion criteria selected 302 rural elderly people living alone as the research object of this study, using interview and face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted on the research object. Questionnaires were used: general situation questionnaire, social support assessment scale, and concise health status questionnaire. In statistics, SPSS20.0 statistical software package was used to do descriptive analysis, t test, F test, chi square test, Pearson correlation analysis, multiple linear regression analysis, Logistic regression analysis and Spearman correlation analysis. Results 302 cases of elderly people living alone in rural areas in this survey, selection of pension institutions who have 83 people, accounting for 27.5% of the total; the total score of social support for the elderly (29.85 + 5.83), lower than the national norm (34.56 + 3.73), the difference was statistically significant (t=12.221, P0.001); the 8 dimensions of quality of life that is the highest score of body pain dimension (62.25 + 19.41), the lowest for general health (32.16 + 31.62) points. The monthly income, the number of sons, the number of diseases, and the total social support score have significant influence on the desire of the elderly in rural areas (P0.05). Age, number of diseases, objective support and total social support score have significant influence on the quality of life of the old people living alone in rural areas (P0.05). There was a correlation between the eight dimensions and total scores of the quality of life for the elderly people living alone in rural areas, and the correlation was statistically significant (P0.05). Conclusion the elderly in rural areas of Liaoning province has certain demands on Institutions Pension Model, but due to the restriction of economy, concepts and other factors, are willing to choose the mechanism of pension for the elderly is not high proportion of elderly people living alone; low social support, to improve the social support network; the life quality of elderly people living alone in the perspective of the overall poor health conditions we need to pay attention to. Monthly income, the number of sons, the number of diseases and social support are the main factors affecting the willingness of rural elderly to live in the elderly. Age, number of diseases, objective support and total score of social support are the main factors influencing the quality of life of rural elderly living alone. There is a correlation between the needs of the elderly living alone in the rural areas and their quality of life. The improvement of the quality of life of the elderly living alone should be promoted, and the way of institutional endowment should be promoted.
【学位授予单位】：锦州医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D669.6;R161.7

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