中医古籍润肤泽面外用美容方的组方及用药特点

发布时间：2018-08-07 14:56

【摘要】：中医美容是当前医学美容的一大热点,润肤泽面方不仅对健康皮肤的美容保健有作用,还对损容性疾病的外治有帮助,故研究具有润泽肌肤功效的美容方有重要意义。本课题选取《肘后备急方》《备急千金要方》《千金翼方》《外台秘要方》《医心方》《太平圣惠方》《圣济总录》《御药院方》《普济方》《卫生易简方》《鲁府禁方》《香奁润色》中具有明确的润泽肌肤功效,或具有治疗皮肤干燥、粗糙、皲裂等作用的方剂,共275首。去除内容重复的方剂,共有167首润肤泽面方,其中《肘后备急方》6首、《备急千金要方》23首、《千金翼方》8首、《外台秘要方》20首、《医心方》5首、《太平圣惠方》35首、《圣济总录》5首、《御药院方》5首、《普济方》50首、《卫生易简方》3首、《鲁府禁方》1首、《香奁润色》6首。运用整理、归纳、统计、分析的方法,对167首润肤泽面方进行了初步研究,结果如下:依据《中药学》第二版教材、《中药大辞典》第二版对药物进行整理归纳,统一名称,共得药物241味。对这241味药物进行频次统计,频次在10次以上的药物依次是:白芷、川芎、辛夷、白附子、零陵香、桃仁、商陆、葳蕤、藁本、酒、杏仁、细辛、猪胰、麝香、当归、茯苓、土瓜根、冬瓜子、丁香、防风、白敛、瓜蒌、白术、猪脂膏、甘松、白僵蚕、藿香、白及、鸬鹚屎、皂荚、白鹅脂、密陀僧、菟丝子、蜡、大枣、鸡子白、蜜、青木香、羊髓、沉香、大豆、玉屑、栀子花。对药物的性味、归经、功效进行统计,以《中药学》《中药大辞典》为依据,若《中药学》已收录该药,则以此为标准;若未收录该药,则以《中药大辞典》为标准;若《中药大辞典》也未收录该药,则该药不计入性味、归经、功效的统计。频次在10次以上的41味药物中,甘味药和辛味药出现频次最高,温性药物频次最高,药物归经以脾、肺、胃经为主。频次在5次以上的71味药物中,使用频率最高的是补虚药,其次是清热药、解表药和理气药,此三类药将近占总药物的一半。润肤泽面方中应用了大量的有毒药物,共32味,其中使用频次最多的为白附子、桃仁、商陆、酒、杏仁、细辛。润肤泽面方中有90首方剂具有治疗作用,其中最多的是治疗面(?)和皴裂的方子。统计分析显示润肤泽面方有以下几个特点:1.预防为主,治养结合,"未病先防,既病防变",在治疗的同时可以滋养肌肤,在养护的同时可以防治疾病,双管齐下,协同作用,保持健康亮丽的肌肤。2.剂型多种多样,用法有讲究。剂型有澡豆、面脂、面膏、胶剂、散剂、汤剂等。不同的方剂其制作方法和使用方法均有不同,如散剂有像澡豆一样洗手面的,有调和后涂面的,还有像去角质膏似的涂摩。3.药味不拘多少,调配灵活多变。润肤泽面方中既有单方,也有几十味药组成的复方;药物既可以单独应用,也可以组成配方。且配方可以根据季节等变化而改变。4.补益药配伍清热药、解表药、理气药。在润肤泽面方中多是补益药配伍清热药、解表药、理气药,调和气血,祛邪扶正,润泽肌肤。多使用动物脂肪补虚、润肤,芳香理气药行气、活血、通络并防止面脂等变质。5.合理应用有毒中药,祛腐生肌,加快皮肤新陈代谢,使肌肤润泽。国家规定了在制作护肤品过程中,某些有毒药物禁止添加或限定剂量,如含铅类药物。但有些药物未见明确的皮肤损害报道,有关桃仁、杏仁、细辛、牛脑等药物外用对皮肤的副作用需进一步研究。6.说明使用注意事项,原文中说明方剂的使用时节及贮藏方法,或使用禁忌,如"慎风日""不得见大风日""勿见风""勿使皂荚""忌近火炙手"。7.适当考虑经济消费能力,润肤泽面方中使用的药物大多数是常用的、平民化的药物,昂贵的药物较少。比如珍珠、玉屑、檀香、阿胶、鹿角等使用频率较低。这样使得药物美容自唐以后逐渐进入平民百姓家,成为整个社会的潮流趋势。
[Abstract]:Chinese medicine cosmetology is one of the hot spots in medical cosmetology. It is not only useful for the healthy skin, but also for the external treatment of damaged diseases. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the cosmetic prescription that has the function of moisturizing skin. Heart recipe > < Tai Ping Sheng Fang > < St. Francis > < St. Francis > > < imperial medicine "> < Puji Fang > < hygienic simple recipe > Lu Fu Fang > Lu Fu Fang >" fragrant moisturizing color ", or has a prescription for treating skin dry, rough, chapped and so on. A total of 275 prescriptions for removal of repeated contents, there are a total of 167 emollients and lustre sides, of which < elbow reserve emergency >6 first, < >23 head for emergency thousand gold, < thousand gold wing square >8 first, < outer platform secret >20 head, < Medical Center >5 head, < Tai Ping Shenghui >35 head, < Shengji general directory >5 first, < Royal medicine department >50 head, < Pu Ji Fang >3 first, < Lu Fu Fang >1 head, < Xiang Jing Luosi >6 first. Use finishing, induction, statistics, analysis methods, the 167 emollients were carried out. Preliminary study, the results are as follows: according to the textbook of Chinese Medicine > Second Edition, "Chinese Dictionary of Chinese medicine" and second edition, the drugs are sorted and summed up, the name is unified, and a total of 241 flavors are obtained. The frequency statistics of the 241 flavors and more than 10 times are: Radix Angelicae dahuricae, Ligusticum chuanxiong, Xinyi, white aconite, Lingling fragrance, peach kernel, Phytolacca, luxuriant, Ligusticum, wine, apricot Benevolence, asarum, Poria, tuckahoe, tuckahoe, melon root, winter melon seed, lilac, wind proof, white collection, Trichosanthes, Rhizoma Atractylodes, Gansong, white silkworm, Rhizoma Bletillae, cormorant shit, dioscormorum, white goose fat, monk, dodder, wax, jujube, chicken white, honey, green wood, sheep pulp, sauces, sauces, jade and gardenia. If "Chinese pharmacy > Chinese Medicine Dictionary >" as the basis, if < Chinese Medicine > has been included in the medicine, it is the standard; if the medicine is not included, the Chinese Dictionary of Chinese medicine is the standard; if the Chinese Dictionary of Chinese medicine is not included in the medicine, the drug is not included in the sexual taste, and the efficacy is counted. Among the 41 drugs more than 10 times, the frequency of the sweet and bitter drugs appears frequency. The highest frequency, the highest frequency of the temperature, the highest frequency of the drugs, the drug is mainly the spleen, lung, and stomach meridian. Among the 71 drugs more than 5 times, the highest frequency is the supplement of deficiency drugs, the second is the antipyretic medicine, the antipyretic drugs and the physical Qi medicine, and the three kinds of drugs are nearly half of the total drugs. A large number of toxic drugs are used in the emollient and Zeno side, with a total of 32 flavors, of which frequency frequency is used frequently. The most of the 90 prescriptions for aconite, peach kernel, Phytolacca, wine, almond, asarum and luster have therapeutic effect, the most of which are the treatment surface (?) and the chapped square. The statistical analysis shows that the emollient and lustre face has the following characteristics: 1. prevention mainly, cure the knot, "prevent disease first, prevent disease prevention and change", and nourish the muscles at the same time of treatment. Skin, in the maintenance of the disease can prevent and cure, double control, synergy, synergy, to maintain a healthy and bright skin.2. dosage forms are varied, use is exquisite. The dosage forms are bath beans, face fat, flour paste, glue, powder, soup and so on. Surface, as well as exfoliating paste like smear.3. medicine taste not limited, flexible and changeable. Emollient face square, also have dozens of flavors of compound compound; drugs can be used alone, can also form a formula. And the formula can be changed according to the season and other changes in.4. tonics, antipyretic drugs, physical medicine. In Zawa, it is the combination of tonic medicine, antipyretic medicine, antipyretic, Qi and Qi, Qi and blood, dispelling evil spirits, and moistening skin. The use of animal fat filling deficiency, emollient skin, aromatic and natural gas, activating blood, dredging collaterals and preventing surface fat and other metamorphic.5. use toxic traditional Chinese medicine, quicken the skin metabolism, make skin moist. In the process of skin care, some toxic drugs are prohibited to add or limit the dosage, such as lead containing drugs. But some drugs have not been reported for clear skin damage. The side effects of drugs for the skin, such as peach kernel, almond, asarum and bovine brain, need to be further studied by.6. instructions. In the original, the use of the prescriptions and the storage parties are shown in the original. The law, or the use of taboos, such as "Shen Feng day" "do not see the wind day" "do not see the wind" "do not make Gleditsia" "avoid near fire hand".7. appropriate consideration of economic consumption, most of the drugs used in the moisturizing and luster side of the drugs are commonly used, civilian drugs, expensive drugs less. For example, pearl, jade, sandalwood, Ejiao, antler and other use frequency is lower. So make The beauty of medicine has gradually entered the civilian population since Tang Dynasty, and has become the trend of the whole society.
【学位授予单位】：北京中医药大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R289.5

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