西方蜜蜂新亚种—西域黑蜂的系统分类与适应性进化

发布时间：2018-03-16 00:17

本文选题：西域黑蜂　切入点：新亚种　出处：《中国农业科学院》2016年博士后论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：选择压力和种群历史变化都会在基因组上留下痕迹,利用基因组范围内的DNA分子标记可以对其进行研究。其中,研究气候条件驱动的进化在基因组上的印记有助于了解群体对本地环境的适应性以及气候变化对群体的潜在影响。西方蜜蜂(Apis mellifera)是研究气候驱动适应性进化的良好素材。西方蜜蜂广泛分布在非洲、欧洲和亚洲。一般认为西方蜜蜂起源于热带／亚热带地区,随后扩散到温带地区。然而,目前我们对蜜蜂适应温带气候遗传基础的了解十分有限。本研究中,我们在位于温带地区的新疆维吾尔自治区新源县发现了西方蜜蜂新的自然群体(西域黑蜂),并对其中10个个体进行了基因组重测序；此外,也下载了来自其它群体的35个个体的重测序数据并进行了分析,得到的主要结论是：1.西域黑蜂是西方蜜蜂在中国的自然种群,属于西方蜜蜂的M系分支,西方蜜蜂的分布范围向东延伸至中国新疆地区。2.西域黑蜂是西方蜜蜂的一个新亚种,Apis mellifera sinisxinyuan,与欧洲黑蜂(Apis mellifera mellifera)有较近的亲缘关系。3.西域黑蜂的群体历史受到地球历史温度的影响,地球温度升高时有效群体大小降低,并可能随后导致了与其它群体的分化。4.通过对比温带群体(西域黑蜂、欧洲黑蜂)与热带群体(东非蜜蜂,Apis mellifera scutellata),发现蜜蜂对温带气候的适应过程中,脂肪体和Hippo信号通路可能起到了重要作用。通过本研究,我们从基因组水平了解了西方蜜蜂新亚种——西域黑蜂的群体历史,以及该群体适应温带气候的遗传基础。这些发现可为西方蜜蜂的抗寒育种提供有效信息。
[Abstract]:Selection pressure and population history leave traces on the genome, which can be studied using genome-wide DNA markers. Studying the genetic imprinting of climate-driven evolution helps to understand the population's adaptation to the local environment and the potential impact of climate change on the population. Apis mellifera is a good study of climate-driven adaptive evolution. Good stuff. Western bees are widely distributed in Africa, Europe and Asia. Western bees are generally thought to originate in tropical / subtropical regions and then spread to temperate regions. However, our current understanding of the genetic basis of bee adaptation to temperate climates is very limited. In Xinyuan County, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region, in the temperate region, we found a new natural colony of western bees (the Western region of Black Bees) and sequenced the genomes of 10 of them; in addition, The resequencing data of 35 individuals from other populations were also downloaded and analyzed. The main conclusion is: 1. The western bee is a natural population of western bees in China, belonging to the M branch of western bees. The distribution of western bees extends eastward to Xinjiang region of China .2. the population history of the western region black bees is influenced by the historical temperature of the earth. It is a new subspecies of western honeybees, Apis mellifera sinisxinyuan. it is closely related to Apis mellifera mellifera. The size of the effective population decreases as the Earth's temperature rises, and may subsequently lead to differentiation with other populations. European black bees) and tropical populations (Apis mellifera scutellata) found that fat bodies and Hippo signaling pathways may play an important role in the adaptation of bees to temperate climates. From the genomic level, we know the population history of the new subspecies of western honeybee, the western black bee, and the genetic basis of the population adapting to temperate climate. These findings can provide useful information for cold resistance breeding of western honeybee.
【学位授予单位】：中国农业科学院
【学位级别】：博士后
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S891

【相似文献】