水稻DEP1调控产量及其与NRT1.1B聚合效应
发布时间：2018-10-09 19:05
【摘要】：直立穗型是矮秆和理想株型后水稻适应高产要求的重要形态改良。DENCE AND ERECT PANICEL1(DEP1)是控制穗型直立、每穗粒数和氮素吸收代谢的多效基因,研究DEP1基因的遗传基础和生理作用机制对水稻高产育种具有重要理论意义和应用价值。为了进一步加强DEP1在粳稻以及籼稻中的利用,研究了水稻DEP1基因调控产量的生理机制及其与氮高效基因NRT1.1B的聚合效应,而为水稻高产、超高产和氮高效育种提供分子遗传依据和育种技术指导。结果如下:1.粳稻品种DEP1多态性及其与穗部性状的关联分析分析72份高产粳稻品种DEP1序列多态性发现,在DEP1序列全长7158 bp的范围内,存在着45个SNP和26个InDel,据此进行划分的7种DEP1单体型中分别存在1个InDel和1个SNP具有较高的突变频率,分别是第五外显子637bp缺失和12bp插入突变和启动子区域-1254bp处G/C突变。在72份水稻品种中,DEP1第五外显子637bp缺失和12bp插入突变将导致穗型直立,启动子区域-1254bp处G/C突变将导致一个siteⅡ转录调控元件的核心序列发生改变。通过关联分析表明,该G/C等位变异对水稻一次枝梗数、二次枝梗数和每穗粒数存在较大的影响。由此表明,在DEP1启动子区域发生的等位变异也会使水稻穗部性状发生变异。2.DEP1基因对水稻碳氮代谢及产量、品质的影响在低氮和高氮条件下,转dep1基因通过上调GS1;1、GS1;2和NADH-GOGAT1等氮代谢相关基因的表达量使水稻植株的氮素含量和可溶性蛋白含量显著提高,但由于RUBISCO、PEPC2、PEPC6和PEPC7等碳代谢相关基因表达量的下调导致了水稻的光合速率、淀粉、蔗糖和可溶性糖含量显著降低。转dep1基因使水稻的碳氮代谢发生失衡,带来了籽粒结实率差、灌浆速率慢、千粒重低和稻米品质下降等不利影响,但由于等位基因dep1具有提高一、二次枝梗数和每穗粒数的功能,碳氮代谢失衡并未导致产量的降低。3.D PE与NRT1.1B的聚合对水稻氮素利用及产量的影响从151份RILs株系中分别鉴定出在粳型和籼型遗传背景的DEP1/NRT1.1B、DEP1/nrt1.1b、dep1/NRT1.1B和dep1/nrt1.1b四种基因型的株系。比较分析发现,低氮条件下粳型遗传背景的dep1/nrt1.1b每穴穗数、单株产量、茎鞘氮素含量和硝酸还原酶活性显著高于dep1/NRT1.1B,而高氮条件下无显著变化。无论高氮还是低氮条件下,籼稻遗传背景的dep1/nrt1.1b每穗粒数、单株产量、茎鞘氮素含量和谷氨酰胺合成酶活性均显著高于DEP1/nrt1.1b。
[Abstract]:Vertical panicle type is an important morphological improvement of dwarf and ideal plant type. DENCE AND ERECT PANICEL1 (DEP1) is a multi-effect gene controlling panicle erect, grain number per panicle and nitrogen absorption and metabolism. It is important to study the genetic basis and physiological mechanism of DEP1 gene for high yield breeding of rice. In order to further enhance the utilization of DEP1 in japonica and indica rice, the physiological mechanism of DEP1 gene regulating yield and its polymerization effect with nitrogen-efficient gene NRT1.1B were studied. Super high yield and nitrogen efficient breeding provide molecular genetic basis and breeding technical guidance. The result is as follows: 1. DEP1 Polymorphism of Japonica Rice cultivars and its Association with panicle traits DEP1 Polymorphism of 72 Japonica Rice cultivars with High yield was found within the full length of DEP1 sequence of 7158 bp. Among the 7 DEP1 haplotypes divided by 45 SNP and 26 InDel, 1 InDel and 1 SNP had higher mutation frequency, which were 637bp deletion at exon 5 and 12bp insertion mutation and G / C mutation at -1254bp in promoter region, respectively. In 72 rice varieties, the deletion of 637bp and the insertion of 12bp at exon 5 of DEP1 will result in the erect panicle, and the G / C mutation at -1254bp in the promoter region will result in the change of the core sequence of a transcription regulatory element of site 鈪，
本文编号：2260442
[Abstract]:Vertical panicle type is an important morphological improvement of dwarf and ideal plant type. DENCE AND ERECT PANICEL1 (DEP1) is a multi-effect gene controlling panicle erect, grain number per panicle and nitrogen absorption and metabolism. It is important to study the genetic basis and physiological mechanism of DEP1 gene for high yield breeding of rice. In order to further enhance the utilization of DEP1 in japonica and indica rice, the physiological mechanism of DEP1 gene regulating yield and its polymerization effect with nitrogen-efficient gene NRT1.1B were studied. Super high yield and nitrogen efficient breeding provide molecular genetic basis and breeding technical guidance. The result is as follows: 1. DEP1 Polymorphism of Japonica Rice cultivars and its Association with panicle traits DEP1 Polymorphism of 72 Japonica Rice cultivars with High yield was found within the full length of DEP1 sequence of 7158 bp. Among the 7 DEP1 haplotypes divided by 45 SNP and 26 InDel, 1 InDel and 1 SNP had higher mutation frequency, which were 637bp deletion at exon 5 and 12bp insertion mutation and G / C mutation at -1254bp in promoter region, respectively. In 72 rice varieties, the deletion of 637bp and the insertion of 12bp at exon 5 of DEP1 will result in the erect panicle, and the G / C mutation at -1254bp in the promoter region will result in the change of the core sequence of a transcription regulatory element of site 鈪，
本文编号：2260442
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