美国现代社区矫正制度研究

发布时间：2018-01-10 10:00

本文关键词：美国现代社区矫正制度研究　出处：《安徽大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：社区矫正的历史可以追溯到一百多年前,从世界范围来看,美国是最早实行社区矫正的国家之一,在社区矫正制度的发展已经十分完善,有许多可供世界其他国家借鉴之处。第二次世界大战以后,社区矫正制度开始得到较快发展。作为一种新型的刑罚执行方式,与以往监禁刑不同的是,社区矫正是一种开放的行刑,它将罪犯放在开放的社区环境中进行矫治。由于社区矫正制度在保护人权方面有着更多优势,也有利于罪犯更好地接收改造,融入社会,因此得到了世界各国的普遍认同。尤其是在教育刑观念和恢复性司法观念提出后,社区矫正制度更以高效、文明和人道得到了更快发展。目前,在许多国家中适用监禁刑的罪犯人数都已低于适用社区矫正的人数。本研究以美国的现代社区矫正制度为例,试图解释美国现代社区矫正制度内在的发展规律和合理性,为我国社区矫正的发展提供借鉴。文章从研究背景和意义入手,介绍了当前国内外有关美国社区矫正的研究现状,提出了自己的研究方法和研究思路。在界定社区、社区矫正等基本概念的基础上,从"刑罚经济"原则、教育刑思想和恢复性司法等几个方面分析了美国社区矫正思想的理论渊源;从美国社区矫正制度的萌芽阶段到发展阶段再到全面发展介绍了美国现代社区矫正制度的历史渊源,在此基础上总结了美国现代社区矫正制度具有的特点;从社区矫正对象、矫正方式以及矫正期限等三个方面介绍了美国社区矫正的内容,结合我国社区矫正制度的发展历史,从刑事责任和刑事政策两个方面对中美两国的社区矫正制度进行比较分析,提出了调整刑罚适用模式,建立符合我国国情的社区矫正体系以及完善社区矫正的配套设施三方面建议,以期对我国的社区矫正制度的完善能够有所借鉴。
[Abstract]:Community corrections history can be traced back to more than 100 years ago, from the view of the world, the United States is one of the earliest implementation of community correction in the country, the development of community correction system is imperfect, there are many other countries in the world for reference. After the Second World War, the community correction system has been rapid development. As a kind of a new way of penalty execution, unlike previous imprisonment, the community correction is a kind of open execution, it put the criminal in the open environment of community correction. The community correction system has more advantages in the protection of human rights, but also conducive to the transformation of criminals better reception, social integration, so it has been generally recognized all over the world. Especially in the education punishment concept and restorative justice concept, community correction system more efficient, civilized and humane develop quickly at present, In many countries the number of criminals for punishment of imprisonment have been lower than the application of community correction number. Based on the modern American community correction system as an example, trying to explain the modern American community correction system internal development law and rationality, and provides reference for the development of community correction in China. This article starts from the research background and significance. Introduce the current domestic and foreign research status of American community correction, puts forward the research methods and ideas. In defining the basic concepts of community, community correction and so on, from the "economic penalty" principle, the education thought of punishment and recovery of judicial and other aspects of the ideological and theoretical origin of American community correction; from the community correction system of the embryonic stage to the stage of development to comprehensive development introduces the history of the modern American community correction system, summarized on the basis of modern America The community correction system has the characteristics of community correction object; from three aspects, the methods of correction, correction term introduces the community corrections, combining with the development history of China's community correction system, from two aspects of criminal responsibility and criminal policy of the two countries in the community correction system for comparative analysis, put forward the adjustment mode application of punishment, establish our country's community correction system and the perfection of community correction facilities in three aspects that, in order to improve the system of community correction in China can learn from.

【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：DD916.8;D971.2

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