论公民住宅权

发布时间：2018-01-21 18:49

本文关键词： 人权住宅权住宅权保障　出处：《山东大学》2007年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 由于各种原因，属于社会权体系的公民住宅权(又称适足住房权)一直未受到人们的重视，而体现着国家和政府责任的住宅权却是公民应当享有的一项基本人权。目前，我国城镇居民尤其是中低收入阶层的住宅问题愈发成为社会的热点问题，可以说国家和政府在公民住宅权保障方面并没有尽到其应尽的义务，这也促使我们要加强公民住宅权保障方面的理论研究。本文试图从人权理论入手，深入分析公民住宅权的基本内涵及其保障的必要性和方式。通过借鉴住宅权的国际标准以及对其他发达国家对公民住宅权保障制度的比较研究，并结合我国公民住宅权保障制度中所存在的缺陷，对我国应如何构建公民住宅权法律保障制度提出一些政策和法律上的建议。第一章将人权理论作为文章的切入点，简单阐述了人权的基本内涵、属性、分类、保障方式以及与国家主权的关系，并在人权理论中穿插了公民住宅权的人权内涵。作为公民应当享有的一项基本权利，公民住宅权的权利特征中必然带有人权的权利色彩。由于公民住宅权属于社会权的权利体系，第二章首先对社会权发展演变的历史作了一个总体上的概括和综述，，对社会权保障理论进行了梳理和回顾，进而对公民住宅权理论的发展进程和研究现状进行了系统地总结。通过对公民住宅权理论发展的深刻思考，进一步对公民住宅权的基本概念、主体、内容、保障的必要性以及实现的途径进行了分析和阐述，从而将公民住宅权的权利理论展现和概括出来，并明确了国家和政府在公民住宅权保障方面的责任和义务。人权国际化已经成为一种总体上的趋势，第三章开篇即概括了国际人权文件以及人权机构对公民住宅权内容和保障标准所作出的相关规定，并援引了经济、社会及文化权利委员会对适足住房权(即住宅权)标准的国际性宣告，从而为我国如何建立、健全公民住宅权法律制度提供了一个国际性的参考范本。结合公民住宅权国际标准的规定，本章还通过比较研究的方法，详细地阐述和总结了世界上其他发达国家对本国公民住宅权进行保障的政策和立法经验，从而为我国构建公民住宅权法律保障制度提供了可以借鉴的成功模式。我国政府和立法机关在城镇居民住房紧张的现实状况下陆续制定和颁布了一些政策和法律。但是，由于我国的住房制度改革起步较晚，当前实行的住房政策和法律中存在着许多的制度性缺陷，我国公民的住宅权也因此很难得到有效的保障和真正的实现。第四章首先阐明了我国城镇居民的住宅现状，并进一步分析了导致城镇居民住宅权难以得到有效保障的制度性不足。根据世界上其他国家的住宅保障经验可知，公民住宅权的保障和实现需要政府的政策支持、国家的立法规定以及受到侵害时的司法救济三个途径予以解决。第五章即从行政政策、国家立法和公民住宅权的司法可诉性分析三个方面对我国应当如何构建公民住宅权保障制度提出一些适合于我国国情的建议和主张。
[Abstract]:Due to various reasons, which belongs to the system of social rights of citizens right of residence (also known as the right to adequate housing) has been paid attention to by people, which reflects the state and government responsibility for the housing right is a basic human rights of citizens shall enjoy. At present, China's urban residents especially the housing problems of low-income groups has become the hot spot the problem of the society, can be said that the state and government in the protection of citizens' right of residence did not fulfil its obligations, this has prompted us to strengthen the theoretical research on the protection of the right to adequate housing.
This article starts from the theory of human rights, in-depth analysis of the basic connotation of the right to adequate housing and guarantee the necessity and way. By drawing on the housing right of international standard and the comparative study on the security system of the right to adequate housing in other developed countries, and combined with the defects of China's housing security system in the right in China how to construct and puts forward some policy suggestions on the legal residence right legal protection system.
The first chapter of human rights theory as a starting point of this article, briefly discusses the basic connotation of human rights, property, security classification, and the relationship between national sovereignty and the right to adequate housing, and with the connotation of human rights in the theory of human rights. As a basic right of citizens shall enjoy the rights, characteristics of citizen's housing rights in the inevitable with human rights color. Because of the right to adequate housing belongs to the social rights system, the second chapter of the history of development of social rights made a general summary and review, summarizes and reviews the social rights protection theory, and the development process of the right to adequate housing theory and research status of the system conclusion. Through profound reflection on the development of the right to adequate housing theory, further the basic concept, the main body of the right of citizens housing, the content, the necessity of the protection and Realization of ways The analysis and elaboration to citizen's housing rights rights theory show and summed up, and the state and the government in the protection of citizens housing rights responsibilities and obligations. Human rights internationalization has become a general trend, the third chapter is summarizes the relevant provisions of international human rights documents and human rights bodies made of citizens the housing right content and security standards, citing the economic, social and Cultural Rights Committee on the right to adequate housing (housing rights) international standard declaration, so as to how to establish our country, perfect citizen housing right legal system provides an international reference model. Combined with the provisions of the right to adequate housing international the standard, this chapter through the comparison research method, detailed description and summary of security policy and legislative experience of other developed countries in the world on its own citizens housing rights, and from China Provides a successful model can learn from the construction of civil housing rights legal protection system. Our government and the legislature in the reality of urban residents housing shortage under the formulated and promulgated a number of policies and laws. However, due to China's housing system reform started late, when there are many institutional defects before the implementation of the housing policy and law in our country, the right to adequate housing so it is difficult to get effective protection and real implementation. The fourth chapter illustrates the residential status of urban residents in China, and further analyzes the causes of urban residents housing rights can not be lack of effective protection system. According to the experience of other countries in the world of housing security the citizens housing rights protection and Realization of the need for government policy support, legislation and judicial remedies for violations as the three ways to solve. The five chapter, from three aspects of administrative policy, national legislation and judicial actionable analysis of citizens' housing right, puts forward some suggestions and proposals for how to build citizen's housing right guarantee system in China.

【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：D921

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