“网约车”事前许可条件设定法律研究

发布时间：2018-02-11 13:21

本文关键词： 网约车事前许可共享经济法律规制政府监管　出处：《安徽财经大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：“网约车”从字面上说是网络预约出租汽车的意思,实际是以移动互联网为技术依托,大量补贴为营销手段,迅速攻破传统的出租车行业,进而进入出租车行业。出租车行业向来就有便捷但是不经济的交通方式之称,现如今随着“互联网+”形势的到来,各行各业传统产业均受到了互联网的冲击,出租车行业也不例外。在这种形势下,网约车逐渐成为了大家在当今社会生活中不可或缺的生活方式,当然网约车以其准确、经济、快捷等服务特点弥补了传统的出租车市场的不足,与此同时网约车自身的问题以及在使用过程中出现的各种各样问题也慢慢显现,为此,在2016年7月28日,国务院新闻办公室举行发布会,交通部、公安部、国家质监总局等七部委有关负责人公布《关于深化改革推进出租汽车行业健康发展的指导意见》、《网络预约出汽车经营管理暂行办法》(下文用《指导意见》《暂行办法》代替)并于2016年11月1日起开始施行,意味着中国政府成为全球第一个承认网约车合法化的国家,该《暂行办法》解决了网约车交通事故侵权责任分配、保险理赔等方面的矛盾,并正式将其确认为一种区别与传统巡游出租车的新的出行方式,这为网约车市场未来的良性发展提供了法律基础,更好的保障了乘坐网约车乘客的合法权益。与此同时,新规将权力下放后,截至2017年2月27日,全国已经有66个城市出台网约车新政细化措施。地方网约车出台后的影响见仁见智,但是毫无疑问的是,对网约车准入条件进行依法依据的管理,对民众以及社会未尝不是一件好事。而在2017年3月3日两会期间开展的“鼓励网约车,发展新经济”专题活动更是针对网约车监管现状建言献策,网约车的发展越来越深入人们的生活。上述《指导意见》和《暂行办法》目的是为了更好地规范网约车的发展,但是《暂行办法》没有对专、兼职车辆、司机做出进一步的分类规制,由此产生的影响值得在实施的过程中加以研究。在规制措施方面,事前许可条件的妥当设定尤为关键,其中车辆标准、司机准入条件、数量规制和价格规制以及政府监管都是很重要的方面。本文主要分为四个部分,第一部分主要分析在互联网时代下网约车经营服务发展态势;第二部分主要分析我国网约车事前许可条件设定的现状,从国家立法层面和地方立法层面进行阐释,从网约车司机、车辆、数量规制和价格规制方面论述;第三部分主要分析国外网约车事前许可制度设计及其借鉴,主要从国家层面的纵向角度以及从国外出租车总体采取措施的角度进行分析;第四部分主要分析网约车事前许可条件具体设置模式探索。通过四部分的阐释以及综合图表分析,来论证网约车的准入条件,以此完善我国在网约车市场的立法。
[Abstract]:In fact, it is based on the mobile Internet technology, a large amount of subsidies as marketing means to quickly break through the traditional taxi industry. The taxi industry has always been known as a convenient but uneconomical means of transportation. Now with the advent of the "Internet" situation, traditional industries in various industries have been hit by the Internet. The taxi industry is no exception. In this situation, ride-sharing has gradually become an indispensable way of life in today's social life, of course because of its accuracy and economy. Fast and other service features make up for the shortcomings of the traditional taxi market. At the same time, the problems of ride-sharing itself and the various problems that arise in the process of use have gradually emerged. For this reason, in July 28th 2016, The State Council Information Office held a press conference, the Ministry of Communications, the Ministry of Public Security, Responsible persons of seven ministries and commissions, including the State Administration of quality Supervision and Supervision, have promulgated the guiding opinions on deepening Reform and promoting the healthy Development of the Taxi Industry, and the interim measures for the Operation and Administration of Automobile booking on the Internet (hereinafter, with the guidance opinion < interim Office). And take effect from November 1st 2016, This means that the Chinese government has become the first country in the world to recognize the legalization of ride-sharing. The "interim approach" has solved the contradictions in the distribution of liability for infringement of traffic accidents and in insurance claims, etc. And officially recognized it as a new travel mode that distinguishes it from traditional cruise taxis, which provides a legal basis for the future benign development of the online ride-sharing market, and better protects the legitimate rights and interests of ride-sharing passengers. At the same time, Since the new rules devolve power, as of February 27th 2017, 66 cities across the country had introduced a new policy on car rental. The impact of the introduction of local car rentals varies, but there is no doubt that, It is not a bad thing for the public and the society to regulate the access conditions of ride-hailing according to the law. In March 3rd 2017, during the two sessions of the National people's Congress, the "encouragement of ride-sharing" was carried out. The special theme of developing the New economy is to offer advice on the current situation of the regulation of the net-ride-hailing, and the development of the net-ride-hailing is going deeper and deeper into people's lives. The above "guiding opinions" and "interim measures" are aimed at better standardizing the development of the net-ride-hailing system. However, the interim measures do not make further classification regulations for specialized, part-time vehicles and drivers. The resulting impact is worth studying in the course of implementation. In terms of regulatory measures, the proper setting of prior permission conditions is particularly crucial. Among them, vehicle standards, driver access conditions, quantity regulation and price regulation, as well as government supervision are very important aspects. This paper is divided into four parts. The first part mainly analyzes the development situation of ride-hailing service in the Internet era. The second part mainly analyzes the current situation of the setting of the prior permission conditions of the net car in our country, explains from the national legislative level and the local legislation level, discusses from the network car driver, the vehicle, the quantity regulation and the price regulation; The third part mainly analyzes the design and reference of the prior permit system of foreign cabs, mainly from the vertical perspective of the national level and from the perspective of the overall measures taken by foreign taxis. The 4th part mainly analyzes the exploration of the specific setting mode of the prior permission condition of the net car charting. Through the explanation of the four parts and the comprehensive chart analysis, it proves the access condition of the network car, and consummates the legislation of our country in the network car market.
【学位授予单位】：安徽财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.296

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