黑龙江省政府扶持小微企业发展的政策研究

发布时间：2018-02-13 01:52

本文关键词： 小微企业政府扶持政策激励　出处：《哈尔滨商业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国经济发展进入"新常态",经济下行压力持续较大,增长模式逐渐从高速转为中高速,从规模速度型粗放增长转向质量效率型集约增长。在供给侧改革的大背景下,为坚定不移的发展好实体经济,作为经济运行最为活跃组成部分的小微企业,若可以通过强化政府政策支持,降低融资难、融资贵难题,提高财税支持,对小微企业增强持续创新能力,更加积极的提高整个社会供给质量,优化供给结构,提高供给效率具有重要意义。近年来黑龙江省小微企业取得快速发展,融资渠道不断拓宽,财税支持逐步扩大,但与此同时小微企业发展仍面临诸多难题,突出表现在发展过程中融资难融资贵未根本缓解,税收优惠政策落实不到位,小微企业管理不规范等方面,这些因素的存在都严重影响了黑龙江省小微企业的健康发展。论文以黑龙江省政府扶持小微企业政策现状为研究出发点,结合信息不对称、公共物品理论及政策激励理论等基础理论,充分借鉴国内外相关学者的研究成果,通过梳理国外有代表性的美国、欧洲、日韩等政府扶持小微企业发展的实践政策,国内有代表性的辽宁省、河北省、浙江省等发达省份扶持小微企业发展的经验做法,提出促进黑龙江省政府扶持小微企业发展的相关政策建议,具体包括:一是完善小微企业财税扶持政策,通过成立专项资金、加大政府采购支持及提供税负优惠等方式促进小微企业发展;二是加大小微企业金融政策支持,具体包括创新融资服务平台建设,完善担保体系建设及引入民间资本等切实缓解小微企业融资贵、融资难;三是健全公共服务政策,具体包括强化行业协会作用,加大政策宣传力度以及网络等技术运用等提高小微企业服务效率;四是优化小微企业政策环境,具体包括完善法律法规,制度体系建设及转变政府职能等方面。尽快本研究对推动黑龙江政府扶持小微企业的政策优化具有一定借鉴,但由于基础数据较为宏观、调研范围有限等原因导致本研究相关政策建议可操作性有待于进一步论证,同样需要未来理论政策研究中不断深化。
[Abstract]:As China's economic development enters the "new normal", the downward pressure of the economy continues to be greater, the growth model gradually changes from high-speed to medium-high speed, and from large-scale extensive growth to quality-efficiency intensive growth. Under the background of supply-side reform, In order to unswervingly develop the real economy, as the most active part of the economy, if the small and micro enterprises can strengthen government policy support, reduce the difficulty of financing, raise the financial and tax support, It is of great significance for small and micro enterprises to enhance their ability to innovate continuously, to actively improve the supply quality of the whole society, to optimize the supply structure, and to improve the efficiency of supply. In recent years, small and micro enterprises in Heilongjiang Province have made rapid development, and their financing channels have been continuously broadened. The financial and tax support is gradually expanding, but at the same time, the development of small and micro enterprises still faces many difficulties, such as the difficulty of financing and financing is not fundamentally alleviated during the development process, the implementation of preferential tax policies is not in place, and the management of small and micro enterprises is not standardized, and so on. The existence of these factors has seriously affected the healthy development of small and micro enterprises in Heilongjiang Province. Based on the theory of public goods and the theory of policy incentive, and drawing on the research results of relevant scholars at home and abroad, through combing the practical policies of representative foreign governments such as the United States, Europe, Japan and South Korea to support the development of small and micro enterprises, The experience and practice of supporting the development of small and micro enterprises in the developed provinces of Liaoning, Hebei and Zhejiang provinces, which are representative in China, and put forward relevant policy suggestions to promote the Heilongjiang provincial government to support the development of small and micro enterprises. These include: first, to improve the fiscal and tax support policies for small and micro enterprises, to promote the development of small and micro enterprises by setting up special funds, increasing government procurement support and providing tax incentives; and second, to increase the financial policy support for small and micro enterprises. Specifically, it includes the construction of innovative financing service platform, the improvement of guarantee system construction and the introduction of private capital to alleviate the financing difficulties of small and micro enterprises; third, to improve public service policies, including strengthening the role of trade associations. To increase policy publicity and the use of technologies such as the Internet to improve the service efficiency of small and micro enterprises; fourth, to optimize the policy environment for small and micro enterprises, including the improvement of laws and regulations, As soon as possible, this study can be used for reference in promoting the policy optimization of small and micro enterprises supported by the Heilongjiang government, but because of the macroscopic basic data, Due to the limited scope of investigation and other reasons, the maneuverability of the relevant policy recommendations of this study needs to be further demonstrated, and it also needs to be deepened in the future theoretical policy research.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨商业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D625;F276.3

【参考文献】