美国奥巴马政府全球气候治理政策研究

发布时间：2018-03-03 19:22

本文选题：奥巴马政府　切入点：全球气候治理　出处：《东北师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：自20世纪以来,全球变暖现象日渐严重,全球气候治理问题成为了各国中最为关注的话题之一。全球气候问题,并不能单靠某个国家去解决,它是一个全球性问题,它需要全球各国之间建立起合作的关系,进行多边联合行动。全球环境问题具有复杂性、长期性和世界性等特性,各国共同努力才能使全球气候问题得到缓解。我们应当摒弃“先污染,后治理”的传统观念,自然环境受到人为与自然灾害的破坏,使得气候出现变暖的迹象。农业受损、海平面上升、干旱等危害,将会给人类带来巨大的威胁,使我们不得不对全球气候问题加以重视。但由于各国国家利益存在差异、气候变化具有不确定性、各国国内政治的矛盾等原因导致联合国气候谈判所制定出的全球气候治理节能减排等相关措施,无法生效,无法达到预期效果。因此,在进行全球气候治理方面,制定一套具有约束力的国际规则,对各个主体进行规范约束,统一目标,各个国家、个人、非政府组织、企业等共同努力行动,更好的保障人类的可持续发展,遏制全球变暖问题的发生。美国作为全球最大的温室气体排放国,在治理气候时美国奥巴马政府遇到了许多机遇和挑战,采取了积极的措施,美国气候政策的变化与发展,对美国的发展有着重要的影响。美国奥巴马政府所采取的积极治理政策,尤其是低碳环保经济,已经成为了一种趋势,对联合国气候谈判的进程更是起到了推动作用。本文从全球气候治理的现状入手,从中找出存在的问题及原因和治理方面的困境,重点分析美国奥巴马政府在全球气候治理政策方面制定的原因、内容、特点及影响,进而使中国在全球气候治理方面能够制定出更加完善有效的应对策略。
[Abstract]:Since 20th century, the phenomenon of global warming has become increasingly serious, global climate governance has become one of the most concerned topics in the world. The global climate problem cannot be solved by a single country alone. It is a global problem. It requires the establishment of cooperative relations among the countries of the globe and joint multilateral action. Global environmental problems are complex, long-term and worldwide in nature, The global climate problem can only be alleviated by the joint efforts of all countries. We should abandon the traditional concept of "pollution first, then governance." the natural environment is damaged by man-made and natural disasters, and the climate shows signs of warming. Agriculture is damaged. The rise of sea level, drought and other hazards will pose a great threat to mankind and force us to attach importance to the global climate problem. However, due to the differences in national interests of various countries, climate change is uncertain. As a result of internal political contradictions and other reasons, the related measures on global climate governance, such as energy saving and emission reduction, formulated by the United Nations climate negotiations, are unable to take effect and do not achieve the expected results. Therefore, in the context of global climate governance, To formulate a set of binding international rules, to regulate and bind all subjects, to unify objectives, to work together in various countries, individuals, non-governmental organizations, enterprises, and so on, in order to better safeguard the sustainable development of mankind. The United States, as the world's largest emitter of greenhouse gases, has encountered many opportunities and challenges in dealing with the climate, and has taken positive measures to change and develop its climate policy. It has an important impact on the development of the United States. The active governance policies adopted by the Obama administration in the United States, especially the low-carbon environmentally-friendly economy, have become a trend. This paper starts with the current situation of global climate governance, and finds out the existing problems, causes and difficulties in governance. This paper focuses on the reasons, contents, characteristics and impacts of the Obama administration's policy on global climate governance, so that China can formulate more perfect and effective coping strategies in global climate governance.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D871.2

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