儿童福利院建筑精细化设计研究

发布时间：2018-04-28 05:30

本文选题：儿童福利院 + 精细化建筑设计　；参考：《北京建筑大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：儿童福利院是国家福利服务机构中的十分重要的一类建筑。目前,随着国家各类福利性政策的推进,儿童福利院机构的建设工作正逐步得到重视与发展。但目前随着服务儿童范围的扩展及功能需求的增加,儿童福利院的空间环境与功能结构也亟待改善,使之更符合“以儿童为本”的建设理念,为孤残儿童营造适宜居住与成长的生活环境。本文基于普惠型福利制度的背景下,对我国有关儿童福利院建筑精细化设计、人性化设计研究的相关的标准规范、文献资料、法规政策等进行了整理,总结了有关儿童福利院建筑精细化设计所涉及的设计要素。对儿童福利院各功能空间精细化设计的影响因素进行分析,包括孤残儿童的生理、心理以及行为特点,以及各类家具设施的尺度、符合孤残儿童心理需求的空间尺度、标准规范要求等。基于人体工程学、环境心理学、社会学等多学科知识,提出适应孤残儿童特殊性使用的精细化设计原则。通过对多个地区儿童福利院现状的调研分析,发现其中难以满足孤残儿童使用方式及心理需求的空间问题,并针对我国目前儿童福利院规范指导不完善之处,进行相应的问题研究。文中对儿童福利院的生活用房、教育用房、康复用房、交通及辅助用房等典型功能空间进行平面解析和梳理,并基于孤残儿童的使用方式及心理需求特殊性,结合精细化的设计理念,从空间布局、设施设计、界面设计等三个方面,提出各类用房的精细化设计要点以及相关平面精细化的优化设计建议。此外,基于孤残儿童室外活动的特点及人群的使用需求,对儿童福利院外部空间环境也展开了有关精细化的设计研究。将理论充分结合实践,为今后我国儿童福利院及相关建筑的空间深入设计等方面提出一定的参考方向,力求为孤残儿童提供一个利于其健康成长,早日融入社会的生活环境。
[Abstract]:Child welfare home is a very important building in the national welfare service. At present, with the promotion of various welfare policies, the construction of child welfare institutions is gradually paid attention to and developed. However, with the expansion of the scope of service to children and the increase of functional needs, the spatial environment and functional structure of the children's welfare homes need to be improved urgently, so that they can be more in line with the concept of "child-oriented" construction. To create a suitable living environment for the disabled and lonely children. Based on the inclusive welfare system, this paper collates the relevant standards, standards, documents, laws and policies, and so on, related to the detailed design of children's welfare home architecture, humanized design, etc. This paper summarizes the design elements involved in the fine architectural design of the children's welfare home. The factors influencing the fine design of the functional space of the children's welfare home are analyzed, including the physiological, psychological and behavioral characteristics of the disabled children, as well as the scale of all kinds of furniture and facilities, and the spatial scale of the psychological needs of the disabled children. Standard specification requirements, etc. Based on the knowledge of ergonomics, environmental psychology, sociology and so on, the detailed design principles adapted to the particularity of disabled children are put forward. Based on the investigation and analysis of the present situation of children's welfare institutions in many regions, it is found that it is difficult to meet the spatial problems of the use mode and psychological needs of the disabled children, and aiming at the imperfect guidance of the norms of the children's welfare homes in our country at present. Carry on the corresponding problem research. In this paper, the typical functional spaces such as living room, education room, rehabilitation room, traffic and auxiliary room are analyzed and combed, and based on the particularity of the use mode and psychological needs of the disabled children, the paper analyzes and combs the typical functional space of the children's welfare institution. Combined with the idea of fine design, from three aspects of space layout, facility design and interface design, the paper puts forward the key points of fine design of all kinds of buildings and the relevant fine plane optimization design suggestions. In addition, based on the characteristics of outdoor activities of disabled and lonely children and the needs of the crowd, the detailed design of the outer space environment of the children's welfare home is also carried out. Combining theory with practice, this paper puts forward some reference directions for the further design of the space of children's welfare home and related buildings in our country in the future, in order to provide a living environment conducive to their healthy growth and early integration into society for unaccompanied and disabled children.
【学位授予单位】：北京建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D632.1

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