南昌市空巢老人休闲现状及制约因素研究

发布时间：2018-04-28 11:08

本文选题：南昌市 + 空巢老人　；参考：《江西师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：人口老龄化来临和老年家庭空巢化现象出现,空巢老人在老年人口中所占的比重不断加大。随着人们生活水平提高和休闲时代到来,休闲需求在人们生活中占据着越来越重要地位。空巢老人作为拥有闲暇时间最多的群体之一,又缺少子女的陪伴,他们对参与休闲活动有着更多的诉求,但是其休闲参与相对又存在更多、更复杂的制约因素。了解、研究空巢老人休闲参与的制约因素,帮助其克服、减少休闲障碍,实现其以最合适的休闲方式度过闲暇时间,达到老有所为、老有所乐,是家庭和社会重点关注和亟需解决的问题。本研究在文献综述的基础上,以南昌市空巢老人为实证研究对象,采用问卷调查和深度访谈的方法,探讨不同背景变量的南昌市空巢老人休闲现状与制约因素,并进行多重比较分析。本研究总共发放了400份问卷,有效回收375份,借助SPSS19.0软件对问卷数据进行描述性统计分析、T检验和单因素方差检验分析;还对南昌市20位有代表性的空巢老人进行深度访谈,采用质性研究方法,通过倾听他们自己的声音,挖掘本土概念和重要陈述,比较不同社会阶层空巢老人日常休闲和休闲制约。研究发现:(1)南昌市空巢老人休闲参与所受到的影响因素从大到小依次是结构性制约、个人内在制约和人际间制约,这和西方休闲制约“阶级模型”的研究结论不一致;(2)旅游度假的实际参与值远低于期望值;(3)不同背景变量的空巢老人性别、年龄、子女探望情况这三项在休闲制约因素上不存在显著差异性,文化程度、月收入、退休前职业、居住状况、经济来源、宗教信仰,特别是健康状况这七项在休闲制约因素上存在显著差异性;(4)不同社会阶层空巢老人其休闲制约存在显著差异性。根据本文研究结论,对南昌市空巢老人、相关政府部门和相关社会群体提出了相应的建议和对策,共同帮助空巢老人克服或减少休闲制约。
[Abstract]:With the coming of population aging and the phenomenon of empty nesting in elderly families, the proportion of empty nest elderly in the elderly population is increasing. With the improvement of people's living standard and the arrival of leisure time, leisure demand plays an increasingly important role in people's life. As one of the groups with the most leisure time, empty-nesters have more demands to participate in leisure activities, but their leisure participation has more and more complex constraints. Understand, study the constraints of leisure participation of empty-nesters, help them overcome, reduce leisure barriers, and realize their leisure time spent in the most suitable way of leisure. Is the family and social focus and urgent need to solve the problem. Based on the literature review, this study takes the empty-nest elderly in Nanchang as the empirical research object, and discusses the leisure status and restriction factors of the empty-nest elderly in Nanchang with different background variables by means of questionnaire and in-depth interviews. Multiple comparative analysis was carried out. In this study, a total of 400 questionnaires were distributed, 375 of which were effectively recovered, and descriptive statistical analysis and single factor variance analysis were carried out with the help of SPSS19.0 software, and 20 representative empty nesters in Nanchang were interviewed in depth. By listening to their own voices and excavating local concepts and important statements, this paper compares the daily leisure and leisure constraints of the empty-nest elderly in different social classes by using qualitative research methods. The study found that the influencing factors of leisure participation of empty nesters in Nanchang are structural constraints, individual internal constraints and interpersonal constraints. This is inconsistent with the findings of the "class model" of western leisure constraints. (2) the actual participation value of tourism vacation is much lower than the expected value of 3) the gender and age of empty-nest elderly with different background variables. There are no significant differences among the three factors of leisure restriction, such as education level, monthly income, occupation before retirement, living condition, source of income, religious belief, etc. In particular, there are significant differences in the seven factors of leisure restriction in health status. (4) there are significant differences in leisure restriction among empty nest elderly in different social classes. According to the conclusion of this paper, the author puts forward the corresponding suggestions and countermeasures to the empty nest elderly, relevant government departments and relevant social groups in Nanchang, to help them overcome or reduce the leisure restriction.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D669.6;F592

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