西方法治文化的形成、发展及其启示

发布时间：2018-05-27 09:21

本文选题：法治文化 + 中国特色　；参考：《上海师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：纵观中国法治发展进程,其每一阶段无不发端于一定的社会经济生活条件。当代中国正经历着由传统社会向现代社会的历史变迁和巨大转型,改革开放业已进入攻坚期。值此时刻,十八届四中全会通过了《中共中央关于全面推进依法治国若干重大问题的决定》,表明我国法治建设在新时期新情况下,还需继续加强法治建设。而法律作为地方性知识,仅仅靠对西方先进法律移植以期达到先进法治国家的水平是远远不够,其背后必须有具有中国特色法治文化土壤的支撑。法治文化虽然是西方的舶来品,但文化还是民族特征的标识,因此,法治文化势必也具有地方性和民族性。要想构建好中国特色社会主义法治文化,必须使得法治文化中国语境下的生长,除了继承和发展西方法治文明的优秀成果,更必须在此基础上在审视中国特殊国情和本土资源,因此本文研究据此思路除去绪论与结语主要分为四个部分:第一部分主要是对西方法治的起源及之后法治文化内容的进行探究得出西方法治文化,以亚里士多德的良法善治思想为起点,形成了以自然法思想为基石,以理性精神作为法治的落脚点,以正义为最高原则,和以权利为内容的主要方面构成的具有西方发展特色的法治文化。第二部分主要是对西方能够发展出这样法治文化的原因从经济基础、政治传统、文化传统及社会发展进行探究,得出西方作为法治文化的发源地,其发展的经验中有哪些是值得我国构建社会主义现代法治文化所要借鉴的,哪些是必须舍弃的。第三部分先通过我国传统法律文化主要内容与西方法治文化的对比,得出西方法治文化最鲜明的特征。为最终西方法治文化的启示做出铺垫,在第四章中,先分析西方法治文化对我国借鉴的意义,最后得出我国建设具有特色社会主义法治文化的发展模式,即应当以市场经济为基础、以法治政府为领头羊,用社会主义核心价值观为引领并以之作为法治文化建设的灵魂,最后在人民群众中把法律符号化,仪式化,神圣化,辅以普法教育,从而使得在民众中形成法律信仰。以上四点综合用力,同步推进,最终构建出具有我国特色的社会主义法治文化。
[Abstract]:Throughout the development of China's rule of law, every stage begins with certain social and economic living conditions. Contemporary China is experiencing the historical change and great transformation from the traditional society to the modern society, and reform and opening up has entered a critical period. At this moment, the fourth Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee adopted the "decision of the CPC Central Committee on comprehensively promoting the ruling of the country according to Law," which indicates that in the new period and new situation, the construction of the rule of law in our country still needs to continue to strengthen the construction of the rule of law. As a local knowledge, it is far from enough to transplant the western advanced law in order to reach the level of the advanced country ruled by law, which must be supported by the culture soil of the rule of law with Chinese characteristics. Although the culture of rule of law is foreign to the West, it is still the symbol of national characteristics. Therefore, the culture of rule of law is bound to be local and national as well. In order to construct a good socialist culture of rule of law with Chinese characteristics, we must make the culture of rule of law grow in the context of China. In addition to inheriting and developing the outstanding achievements of western civilization of rule of law, we must also examine China's special national conditions and local resources on this basis. Therefore, this study is divided into four parts: the first part is mainly about the origin of the western rule of law and the content of the rule of law culture. Taking Aristotle's thought of good law and good governance as the starting point, it forms the foundation stone of the thought of natural law, the rational spirit as the foothold of the rule of law, and justice as the supreme principle. And the rule of law culture with the characteristics of western development. The second part mainly explores the reasons why the western countries can develop such a culture of rule of law from the aspects of economic foundation, political tradition, cultural tradition and social development, and draws a conclusion that the west is the birthplace of the culture of rule of law. What is the experience of its development is worthy of our country to construct the socialist modern rule of law culture to learn, which must be abandoned. In the third part, by comparing the main contents of Chinese traditional legal culture with the western culture of rule of law, the most distinct features of the culture of rule of law in the west are obtained. In the fourth chapter, we analyze the significance of the western culture of rule of law to our country, and finally get the development mode of constructing the characteristic socialist culture of the rule of law in our country. That is, we should take the market economy as the foundation, the government of the rule of law as the leader, the socialist core values as the guide and take it as the soul of the construction of the culture of the rule of law, and finally symbolize, ritualize and sanctify the law among the masses of the people. It is supported by law-popularization education to form legal belief among the people. The above four points of the comprehensive force, the synchronous promotion, finally constructs the socialist rule of law culture with the characteristics of our country.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D920.0

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