“避风港”规则的法律适用

发布时间：2018-06-03 05:50

本文选题：“避风港”规则 + 网络服务提供者　；参考：《河北师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着社会经济的不断提高,互联网行业得到了空前的发展,网络成为传播信息最重要的渠道,著作权的保护也延伸到这一新兴领域。虽然互联网成为各国对外交流的重要手段,在信息传播和资源利用方面表现出了极大的优越性,但由此带来的网络著作权侵权纠纷也频繁发生。如何更好的保护著作权人的利益,适应网络技术的发展需要,在既不违背开放、共享的“互联网精神”,又能明确规定网络服务提供者应该承担的侵权责任,使信息共享与网络著作权保护之间实现利益平衡,成为目前立法者制定网络著作权相关法律法规的新挑战。当今社会,网络服务的内容与形式变化多样,近几年以来,由于网络高科技的飞速发展,我国各地法院涌入了大量与网络著作权相关的侵权纠纷,在这种情况下,对网络服务提供者的责任承担和法律地位如何认定成为了网络侵权纠纷中的焦点,其中最典型的网络侵权纠纷就是侵犯著作权中的信息网络传播权。本文通过对“避风港”规则的法律适用进行论述,以解决当下网络服务提供者承担侵权责任的问题,完善我国网络著作权的相关立法。自20世纪90年代以来,随着互联网的飞速发展,网络著作权侵权纠纷进入了司法领域。早在1998年,美国出台的《千禧年数字版权法》(以下简称DMCA)中就对“避风港”规则作出了规定。其中规定了网络服务提供者在符合一定条件下,就不需要承担侵权赔偿责任,这也为当时法官审理网络著作权侵权案件提供了法律依据,成为了诉讼中网络服务提供者进行抗辩的重要理由。《千禧年数字版权法》从网络服务提供者承担侵权责任的角度进行了规定,既为互联网产业营造了一个良好的发展空间,又极大的保护了著作权人的利益。我国立法中对“避风港”规则的规定,大多也都是借鉴了美国DMCA的立法模式,目前,颁布了一系列关于解决网络著作权侵权的法律法规及司法解释,以确认网络服务提供者在何种情况下承担侵权责任,具备什么条件时可以免责。虽然我国法律对“避风港”规则进行了规定,但相关著作权立法并不完善,法律适用过程中依然存在很多问题,有待我们进一步解决。本文主要通过以下五个部分对“避风港”规则的法律适用进行论述:第一部分,主要通过引入典型案例,对案例进行介绍和分析,引出“避风港”规则,并总结案例带给我们的启示,指出该规则在我国相关著作权立法中的规定,以及目前在司法实践中如何被适用。第二部分,介绍了“避风港”规则的含义,并对规则的由来作了阐述,主要是网络服务提供者承担侵权责任归责形式的演变,同时分析了“红旗标准”作为“避风港”规则的例外,在司法实践中如何被适用,以及“避风港”规则的价值意义。第三部分,主要从国内外对“避风港”规则的立法现状进行分析,介绍了美国《千禧年数字版权法》中的具体规定,并对我国颁布的相关网络著作权立法进行介绍,找出法律中存在的问题。第四部分,主要阐述了“避风港”规则的适用条件,包括主观条件和客观条件,通过围绕《信息网络传播权保护条例》的条文规定进行论述,指出了为准确认定网络服务提供者应该承担的侵权责任,就应对条文中涉及的不明确的概念进行司法解释,并作出细致规定。第五部分,主要针对存在的问题,提出“避风港”规则的完善建议,并通过对网络著作权相关立法的完善,来更好的解决“避风港”规则在我国司法实践的适用中遇到的问题。
[Abstract]:With the continuous improvement of the social economy, the Internet industry has been developing unprecedentedly. The network has become the most important channel for disseminating information, and the protection of copyright extends to this emerging field. Although the Internet has become an important means to communicate with other countries, the Internet has shown great superiority in information dissemination and resource utilization. The network copyright infringement disputes also occur frequently. How to better protect the interests of the copyright owners and adapt to the development of the network technology, neither violates the openness, the shared "Internet spirit", and clearly stipulates the infringement responsibility that the network service providers should undertake, so that the information sharing and the network copyright protection are real. Nowadays, the balance of interests has become a new challenge for the legislator to formulate the laws and regulations related to the network copyright. Nowadays, the content and form of network services have varied. In recent years, due to the rapid development of the network high-tech, the courts of China have poured into a large number of infringement disputes related to the right of network work, and in this case, the network is on the network. The responsibility of service providers and how to identify the legal status have become the focus of the network infringement disputes. The most typical network infringement dispute is the infringement of the right of information network communication in the copyright. This article discusses the legal application of the "haven" rules to solve the current network service providers' liability for infringement. Since 1990s, with the rapid development of the Internet, the network copyright infringement disputes have entered the judicial field since 1990s. As early as in 1998, the "Millennium digital copyright law" (hereinafter referred to as DMCA) issued by the United States has made a provision for the "haven" rules. In accordance with certain conditions, the collateral service providers do not have to bear the liability for tort, which provides the legal basis for the judges to hear the infringement of the network copyright infringement cases at that time. It has become an important reason for the network service provider to defend the defense in the lawsuit. It provides a good development space for the Internet industry and a great protection of the interests of the copyright owners. In our legislation, the regulations of the "haven" are mostly used for reference to the legislative model of DMCA in the United States. At present, a series of laws and regulations to solve the copyright infringement of network are issued. It is explained in order to confirm the circumstances under which the network service provider is responsible for tort and what conditions it can be disclaimed. Although the law of our country stipulates the rules of the "harbor", the relevant copyright legislation is not perfect, and there are still many problems in the process of law application, which need to be further solved. This article mainly passes through The following five sections discuss the legal application of the "haven" rules: in the first part, the introduction and analysis of the cases are introduced mainly through the introduction of typical cases, the rules of the "haven" are introduced, and the inspiration from the case is summed up, and the regulations in the relevant legislation of the relevant work in China and the current judicial practice are pointed out. The second part introduces the meaning of the rule of the "haven" and expounds the origin of the rules, mainly the evolution of the network service provider's liability for the liability for tort, and the exception of the "Red Flag Standard" as a "haven" rule, how to apply in the judicial practice, and the "haven" The value meaning of the rule. The third part, mainly from the analysis of the legislative status of the "haven" rules at home and abroad, introduced the specific provisions of the United States "the Millennium digital copyright law", and introduced the relevant network copyright legislation promulgated in China, and found out the problems in the law. The fourth part mainly expounded the "shelter port". The applicable conditions of the rules, including subjective and objective conditions, are discussed through the provisions of the provisions of the regulations on the protection of the right to transmission of information network. It points out the tort liability for the accurate identification of the network service providers, and makes judicial interpretations of the ambiguous concepts involved in the provisions and makes detailed provisions. Fifth In the part, this paper mainly aims at the existing problems, and puts forward the suggestions for the improvement of the "haven" rules. And through the improvement of the relevant legislation of the network copyright, we can better solve the problems encountered in the application of the "haven" rules in the judicial practice of our country.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923.41

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