论有效辩护与我国辩护制度的完善

发布时间：2018-06-06 05:19

本文选题：有效辩护 + 辩护权　；参考：《兰州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：有效辩护有广义和狭义之分,广义的有效辩护要求犯罪嫌疑人、被告人和律师不仅享有充分有效的辩护权,还要求保障辩护权行使的司法制度健全完善,例如,法律援助制度、律师执业保障制度、律师辩护质量控制体系等等;狭义的有效辩护要求律师为被追诉人提供忠诚、勤勉的法律服务,保障犯罪嫌疑人、被告人的诉讼权利免受不应有的侵犯,保证公正审判的实现。有效辩护与无效辩护并不是对立的概念,无效辩护是对律师不尽职行为的否定评价,并且会发生以诉讼方式撤销原判决的法律后果。2012年我国《刑事诉讼法》修改之后,在辩护制度方面取得了较大的进步,不仅规定了辩护律师可以在侦查阶段介入诉讼程序,而且完善了辩护律师的会见权、阅卷权、通信权,加强了律师的执业保障,扩大了法律援助的范围。在整个刑事诉讼的过程中,犯罪嫌疑人、被告人申请回避的权利、使用本民族语言文字进行诉讼的权利、被及时告知逮捕理由的权利等均是由辩护权衍生而来,刑事诉讼中的其他权利皆与辩护权密切相关,赋予犯罪嫌疑人、被告人辩护权是其获得公正判决的前提。通过研究外国的制度,对比国际标准的辩护权的内容,可以发现我国的辩护制度仍然存在很多问题,例如侦查阶段辩护权有限,审判阶段辩护质量不高、律师执业保障制度不健全等等。但应当肯定,我国的刑事诉讼在尊重和保障人权的任务指导下已经向前迈进了一大步。我国应当在现有辩护制度的基础上,以广义的有效辩护理论为指导,参照英美法系、大陆法系的有效辩护,继续完善我国的辩护制度。
[Abstract]:Effective defense is divided into broad and narrow sense. Effective defense in a broad sense requires criminal suspects, defendants and lawyers not only to enjoy the full and effective right of defence, but also to ensure the sound and sound judicial system of the exercise of the right to defence, such as the legal aid system, In the narrow sense, effective defense requires lawyers to provide loyal and diligent legal services to the accused, to protect the rights of criminal suspects and defendants from undue infringement. To ensure a fair trial. Effective defense and invalid defense are not opposite concepts. Invalid defense is a negative evaluation of lawyer's misconduct, and the legal consequences of annulling the original judgment by way of lawsuit will occur. After the revision of our country's Criminal procedure Law in 2012, Great progress has been made in the defense system, not only by stipulating that defense lawyers can intervene in the proceedings during the investigation stage, but also by perfecting the rights of meeting, marking and correspondence of defense lawyers, and strengthening the protection of lawyers' practice. The scope of legal aid has been expanded. During the whole process of criminal proceedings, the rights of criminal suspects and defendants to apply for recusal, the right to use the language of their own nationality for litigation, and the right to be informed of the reasons for arrest in time are all derived from the right of defence. Other rights in criminal proceedings are closely related to the right of defense. By studying foreign systems and comparing the contents of the right to defense in international standards, we can find that there are still many problems in our defence system, such as the limited right to defense in the investigation stage and the poor quality of the defence in the trial stage. Lawyer practice security system is not perfect and so on. But it should be affirmed that China's criminal procedure has made great strides under the guidance of the task of respecting and protecting human rights. On the basis of the existing defense system, our country should continue to perfect the defense system of our country under the guidance of the generalized effective defense theory, referring to the effective defense of the common law system and the civil law system.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.2

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