中国共产党维护群众权益问题研究

发布时间：2018-01-04 23:03

  本文关键词：中国共产党维护群众权益问题研究　出处：《吉林大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 中国共产党 群众权益 历史进程 实践经验

【摘要】：致力于实现最广大人民的根本利益是马克思主义最鲜明的政治立场。中国共产党在结合自身建设和国情实际推进马克思主义中国化时,也紧紧抓住了维护群众权益这一根本问题,提出了“一切为了群众,一切依靠群众”、“始终代表中国最广大人民的根本利益”、“实现好、维护好、发展好最广大人民的根本利益”等一系列维护群众权益的理论主张。伴随社会主义市场经济体制的建立和经济社会的迅猛发展,中国社会的阶级、阶层结构发生了变化,不再是简单地由工人阶级、农民阶级和知识分子阶层,即我们常说的“两个阶级一个阶层”构成,一些其它阶层,如社会管理者、私营企业主、专业技术人员等新兴阶层逐渐形成。不同阶层的权益需求日益多元化,权益关系愈发复杂化,权益主体之间产生矛盾与冲突的可能性加大。中国共产党作为我国执政党,在协调权益关系、解决权益冲突、维护群众权益方面发挥着难以替代的重要作用。在改革攻坚期、社会转型期和矛盾凸显期下,研究中国共产党如何更好地维护人民群众权益问题,对于中国共产党履行好为人民服务的宗旨、深化经济社会与行政体制改革、构建和谐社会、巩固执政地位、实现国家治理体系和治理能力现代化等,都具有重要意义。在论文的论证过程中,首先全面梳理了中国共产党维护群众权益的理论依据,紧接着总结了中国共产党维护群众权益的历史进程和实践经验。随后,对西方社会维护公民权益的理论和经验进行概括总结,以期加以镜鉴。在这之后,对中国共产党维护群众权益所取得的成就、面临的挑战以及存在的问题进行了阐释。最后,针对这些问题,对当前中国共产党维护群众权益的对策进行了积极探索和理论回应。论文从六个章节对中国共产党维护群众权益问题展开全面而深入的研究,择要言之:第1章为绪论部分。对研究意义、研究思路与方法、创新之处与不足等进行了说明,对国内外学术界的研究现状进行了梳理和述评。本文在理论观点方面主要有三个可能的创新之处:一是对中国共产党维护群众权益问题的理论依据进行了系统梳理;二是对西方社会维护公民权益的参考与批判进行概述;三是对中国共产党维护群众权益的对策进行了积极探索。第2章为中国共产党维护群众权益的理论依据。主要概述了马克思恩格斯在其唯物史观、对资本的批判、无产阶级政党理论及人本思想体系中对维护群众权益问题的理论论述;列宁在建立无产阶级国家的实践中对维护群众权益问题的理论探索;中国共产党在自身建设发展以及推进马克思主义中国化的进程中,对维护群众权益问题的理论继承和新的理论推进。第3章为中国共产党维护群众权益的历程与经验。在研究中国共产党维护群众权益的历史进程方面,按照新民主主义革命时期、社会主义革命和建设时期、改革开放以来等三个主要历史时期进行概述;在总结中国共产党维护群众权益的基本经验方面,凝练出坚持党的领导、贯彻群众路线、党员率先垂范、始终面向实践、维护根本利益等五条基本经验;在维护群众权益的时代吁求方面,从中国共产党维护群众权益是实现为人民服务宗旨、推进服务型政府转型、构建和谐社会、巩固执政地位和推进国家治理现代化的需要等五个层面展开论述。第4章为西方社会维护公民权益的参考与批判。首先梳理了西方社会较有代表性的政治思潮在维护公民权益方面的理论,包括自由主义理论、福利国家理论、“第三条道路”理论和社会治理理论。在此基础上,剖析了西方社会维护公民权益的经验,即通过权力的制约、依赖发达的公民社会组织、提高公民的政治参与等来维护公民权益。最后,反思并批判了西方社会在维护公民权益中存在的问题,包括西方政治制度与维护公民权益存在的悖反、西方福利国家模式的债务危机与效率困境、西方自由主义思潮对维护公民权益的困扰等,并分析其对中国共产党维护公民权益的警示意义。第5章为中国共产党维护群众权益的现状。主要论述中国共产党维护群众权益取得的成就、面临的挑战以及存在的问题。在取得的成就方面,论述了经济和社会发展、“两个根本性转变”、依法治国分别为维护群众权益提供了物质保障、政治保障和法律保障;在面临的挑战方面,论述了群众的阶层分化、权益协调与民生问题等为维护群众权益带来的挑战;在存在的问题方面,总结了中国共产党维护群众权益尚存在不同程度的形式主义和官僚主义、社会管理与公共服务落后于时代发展、行政权力向基层治理中的过度延伸以及相关机制不够健全等四个主要问题,本文认为只有清楚地认识现状、直面问题和挑战才能更好地维护群众权益。第6章为当前加强中国共产党维护群众权益的对策。主要从切实践行群众路线的基本要求、完善维护群众权益机制、深入探索基层自治的有效途径、更加注重社会组织的协同参与等四个方面进行探讨。在论述践行群众路线的基本要求时,从强化宗旨意识、加强作风建设和加快政府职能转变三个方面着力;在论述社会组织协同参与时,从鼓励社会组织参与社会管理、提高其公共服务能力、拓展其活动空间等方面着力;在论述基层自治途径时,从提高自治能力和积极性、依法依规进行、扩大自治范围等方面着力;在论述完善维护群众权益机制时,从完善诉求表达机制、利益调节机制、矛盾调处机制及权益保障机制等方面着力。
[Abstract]:Is committed to the realization of the fundamental interests of the people is the most distinctive of Marx's political stance. Chinese Communist Party in the light of its own construction and the actual situation of the country promote the Marx doctrine of China, also firmly grasp the fundamental issue of the maintenance of the interests of the masses, put forward the "all for the masses, all rely on the masses", "always representing the fundamental interests" Chinese most people ", realize, safeguard and develop the fundamental interests of the people" and a series of safeguard the interests of the masses ideas. With the rapid development of socialist market economic system and the establishment of social economy, China social class, changes of class structure, is no longer simply by the workers class, the peasant class and intellectuals, that we often say "two classes and one stratum", some other sectors, such as social management, the owners of private enterprises Professional and technical personnel, and other emerging class gradually formed. The interests of different sectors increasingly diverse needs, interests increasingly complex, increase the possibility of the contradiction and conflict of interests between the subjects. Chinese Communist Party as the ruling party in China, in the coordination of relations between the interests of rights and interests, resolve conflicts, plays an important role that cannot be replaced by maintaining the rights and interests of the people in the reform period, and the period of social transformation period of prominent contradiction, research Chinese how the Communist Party to better safeguard people's rights and interests, to fulfill the China Communist Party to serve the people of purpose, deepen the reform of the system of economic society and administration, to build a harmonious society, to consolidate the ruling status, to achieve national governance systems and governance capacity modernization., are of great significance. In the process of argumentation of this thesis, firstly combed the theoretical basis of the Communist Party of China to safeguard the people's interests, then A summary of the history of the Communist Party of China to safeguard the people's interests and experience. Then, summarizes the western social civil rights theory and experience, in order to mirror. After this, the Communist Party of China and safeguard the rights and interests of achievements, challenges and problems are explained. Finally to solve these problems, to actively explore and respond to the current theory Chinese countermeasures to safeguard the people's interests. The Communist Party from the six sections of the Communist Party of China safeguard the interests of the masses of comprehensive and in-depth research, the words: the first chapter is the introduction part. The research significance, research ideas and methods, innovation and problems are described, summarize and review the research status of domestic and foreign academic circles. There are three main innovations of this paper in theory: one is to The theoretical basis and safeguard the rights and interests of the Communist Party Chinese systematically; the two is on the western society to safeguard civil rights and interests of reference and criticism are outlined; the three is explored actively the Communist Party Chinese countermeasures to safeguard the people's interests. The second chapter is the theoretical basis of the Communist Party of China to safeguard the people's interests. It mainly summarizes Marx Engels in his materialism on the view of history, criticism of capital theory, discusses the problems and safeguard the rights and interests of the proletarian party and the theory of ideology; Lenin exploration to safeguard the rights and interests of the theory in the practice of establishing proletarian state; Chinese Communist Party on the development of their construction and promote the Marx doctrine Chinese in the process, to safeguard the interests of the masses the theory of inheritance and new theoretical development. The third chapter is Chinese Communist Party History to safeguard the people's interests and experience in research. The historical process of the Communist Party of Chinese to safeguard the people's interests, in accordance with the new democratic revolution, socialist revolution and construction period, since the reform and opening up the three major historical periods are outlined; in the basic experience of the Communist Party of China to safeguard the people's interests, finds out the leadership of the party, carry out the mass line, the party has always been taking the lead, practice oriented and safeguard the fundamental interests of the five aspects of basic experience; in the era of appeal to safeguard the people's interests, from the Communist Party of China safeguard the interests of the masses is to achieve the purpose of serving the people, promote the transformation of service-oriented government, building a harmonious society, to consolidate the ruling position and promote the modernization of national governance needs five aspects. The fourth chapter is the reference and the social criticism of western civil rights. The first sort of Western society are more representative of the political thoughts in the maintenance of the rights and interests of citizens Aspects of the theory, including the theory of liberalism, the welfare state theory, the "third way" theory and the theory of social governance. On this basis, analysis of the western social rights protection experience, namely through the restriction of power, rely on the developed civil society organizations, improve the citizen's political participation and to safeguard the rights and interests of citizens. Finally, reflection and criticize the western society in the maintenance of civil rights in question, including the western political system and safeguard the rights and interests of citizens is the paradox of the debt crisis and the predicament of efficiency mode of the western welfare state, western liberalism on civil rights problems, and analyze the Chinese of warning significance to safeguard civil rights and interests of the Communist Party. The fifth chapter is the status of the Communist Party of Chinese to safeguard the people's interests. Mainly discusses the Chinese Communist Party and safeguard the rights and interests of the achievements, challenges and problems . in achievements, discusses the economic and social development, "two fundamental change", the rule of law respectively provides material guarantee and safeguard the rights and interests, political security and legal protection; in the face of challenges, discusses the stratification of the masses, the interests of coordination and livelihood issues to safeguard the interests of the masses the challenges; in the existing problems, summed up the Communist Party China safeguard the interests of the masses there are different degree of formalism and bureaucracy, social management and public service lags behind the development of the times, the administrative power over extended to the base layer and the governance mechanism is not perfect and so on four main problems, this paper argues that only a clear understanding of present situation, facing problems and challenges in order to better safeguard the interests of the masses. The sixth chapter is the countermeasure of strengthening the Chinese Communist Party to safeguard the people's interests. Mainly from the practice of cutting line group The basic requirements of the course, improve the mechanism for safeguarding the rights and interests, effective way to explore grassroots autonomy, four aspects should pay more attention to the collaborative participation of social organization are discussed. The basic requirements in the discussion of the practice of the mass line, strengthen the sense of purpose, strengthen style construction and accelerate the transformation of government functions in three aspects in the paper; social organizations involved, from encourage social organizations to participate in social management, improve the capacity of public services, expand its space activities and so on; in this way from the grassroots autonomy, improve autonomous ability and enthusiasm, according to the law, expanding the scope of focus on autonomy; perfecting the mechanism for safeguarding the rights and interests, from the perfect expression mechanism, interest adjustment mechanism, the contradiction between mediation mechanism and rights protection mechanism to.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D252
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本文编号：1380468