道德健康教育研究

发布时间：2018-03-06 21:37

  本文选题：道德健康　切入点：道德健康教育　出处：《山东师范大学》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：健康是促进人的全面发展的必然要求,对每个人都有着普遍的价值。随着人类社会的发展,人们对健康的认识逐步深入,从仅重视生理健康,到生理健康与心理健康并重,再到生理、心理、道德健康三位一体的综合健康观,健康的内涵从生物学到心理学再到伦理学,不断发展深化。道德健康的提出,反映了人们对健康认识的深化,也反映了人们对自身本质认识的深化。人的健康问题,不仅要用生物的眼光看待,还要从道德的角度去审视,即从个体如何对待和处理面临的各种现实关系时所体现的德性水平来判断,从个体以怎样的方式去适应社会来判断,这就是个体的道德健康水平。道德健康的重要性需要我们重视道德健康教育,道德健康教育是实现道德健康的必要途径。道德健康教育是一个涉及多学科的综合性内容,可以从健康学、教育学等角度来研究,本文对道德健康教育的研究从伦理学的角度展开。文章立足于马克思主义的立场,从伦理学的视角,综合运用教育学、心理学、社会学等多学科知识,运用理论与现实相结合、历史与逻辑相结合、比较研究等方法,尝试对道德健康教育进行研究。主要内容和观点包括:第一,对道德健康、道德健康教育进行基础理论研究。首先对“道德健康教育”的内涵进行阐释。在阐释健康、道德健康、“健康的道德”内涵的基础上,提出“道德健康教育”的内涵:所谓道德健康教育,就是社会以个体道德健康的实现为目标,通过“健康的道德”有计划、有组织地对个体的道德发展进行干预的活动。道德健康教育既以个体道德健康的实现为目标,又对社会的道德健康提出一定要求。道德健康教育有两层内涵:一是针对个体的道德健康所进行的教育,以个体道德上的健康为目标;二是通过“健康的道德”来对个体进行教育。“健康的道德”是对个人与社会的双重制约、双向要求,这就使得道德健康教育在以个体道德健康的实现为目标的同时,又对社会的道德健康提出一定要求。其次对道德健康教育的理论来源及学科基础进行分析。从中国传统思想史、西方思想史以及马克思主义的道德理论中寻求道德健康教育的理论依据,同时对道德健康教育的学科基础进行论证。第二,对道德健康教育的现实依据进行分析。一定的道德意识是一定社会政治和经济的反映。道德健康教育的提出,是我国社会历史发展进程中市场经济、民主政治、先进文化不断发展的结果。同时,道德健康教育是个人全面发展、利益满足的需要,是提升个体的社会认同、为社会发展提供强大精神动力的需要,也是提升道德教育实效性的需要。第三,分析道德健康教育的基本内容。道德健康教育的目标是实现个体道德上的健康,是一种道德上的良好状态,道德健康教育的基本内容首先应围绕这一目标来确定。同时应注重“健康的道德”的要求,这是道德健康教育区别于一般道德教育的特殊要求。具体而言,道德健康教育主要应包括以下基本内容:首先确立道德健康的标准、明确道德健康的基本要求,在此基础上围绕激发道德需要、提升道德认识、强化道德态度、提升道德能力四个方面展开。第四,提出道德健康教育的方法论原则。道德健康教育的方法论原则需要体现道德健康教育具体方法的共性,对道德健康教育具体方法的选择和运用具有普遍性的指导作用。同时,道德健康教育的方法论原则应满足逻辑和实践两方面的要求:它一方面应是道德健康教育含义的逻辑展开,另一方面则应反映每个社会成员的健康利益,成为道德健康教育中应遵循的普遍道德原则。因篇幅所限,本文探讨了道德健康教育的一般方法论原则:教育主体与教育客体相统一、社会价值与个体价值相统一、理想性与现实性相统一。第五,探索道德健康教育的实现路径。关于道德健康教育的实现路径,主要从四个方面进行了探讨:一是以“健康的道德”为立足点,一方面树立道德权利与道德义务相统一的观念,另一方面正确处理道德权利与道德义务之间的关系;二是注重道德健康教育方法的选择,并具体分析了几种主要的道德健康教育方法:理论灌输法、生活体验法、榜样示范法、无痕渗透法、道德奖惩法;三是优化道德健康教育的社会环境,从制度、舆论两方面就如何营造公正的社会环境进行了探索;四是注重个体道德健康的自教自律,并探索了个体道德健康自教自律的主要途径:学思结合、反躬自省、慎独慎微、积善成德。本论文的研究意义在于:一是有利于人的全面而自由的发展。从纵向的方面看,道德健康教育不仅能够促进个体的生理、心理健康,而且能够满足个体的道德需要,实现个体精神上的追求。从横向的方面看,道德健康教育能够帮助个体合理解决自我需要与社会需要之间的矛盾,使个体自觉地适应社会。二是有利于和谐社会的构建。和谐社会是以和谐的个体为基础的。对于和谐社会的构建而言,个体的道德健康与公平正义的制度安排具有同等的重要性,个体的道德健康水平是构建和谐社会的关键因素。同时,道德健康教育对社会本身健康性的要求也有利于社会的发展与完善,有利于和谐社会的构建。三是有利于德育理论的丰富及德育实效性的增强。如何适应时代要求从传统德育向新型德育转变,是德育理论在新情况、新形势下面临的崭新课题。只有在理论上不断提高自身的创新能力,更富“时效性”,德育理论才能不断增强其“实效性”。随着人们对健康认识的深化,健康的伦理维度——道德健康的重要性受到越来越多人的重视,这就需要德育理论也与时俱进,加强道德健康教育研究。
[Abstract]:Health is the inevitable requirement of promoting the all-round development of people, for everyone has a universal value. With the development of human society, people's understanding of health gradually, from only pays attention to the physiological and physical health, health and psychological health, and then to the physical, psychological, moral health three-in-one comprehensive health concept, health the connotation from biology to psychology and ethics, continuously deepening development. Moral health, reflects the deepening of people's health awareness, reflects a profound understanding of the nature of their own. People with health problems, not only to look at the biological vision, but also to examine from the angle of morality, namely virtue level reflected from a variety of realistic individual how to deal with the face of the judge, to judge from the individual how to adapt to the society, which is the individual moral health level of moral health. We need to pay attention to the importance of moral education, moral education is a necessary means to achieve moral health. Moral education is a multi-disciplinary comprehensive content, can learn from the health, education and other angles to study, this paper research on the moral health education from the perspective of ethics. The article is based on the Marx doctrine the position, from the angle of ethics, comprehensive use of education, psychology, sociology and other disciplines of knowledge, using the combination of theory and reality, the combination of history and logic, comparative research methods, attempts to research on the moral education. The main contents and viewpoints include: first, to moral health, research on basic theory of morality health education. First, the connotation of "moral education" interpretation. In the interpretation of health and moral health, "based on the connotation of moral health", put forward "moral health The connotation of health education ": the so-called moral education, is to realize the social individual moral health as the goal, through the" healthy moral "plan, intervention of the organization of individual moral development activities. Moral education is to realize the individual moral health as the goal, and put forward certain requirements of society moral health. Moral education has two connotations: one is for the individual moral health education to individual moral health as the goal; the two is through the" healthy moral "to carry out the education of the individual." healthy morality "is the dual constraints of individual and society two requirements, this makes the moral education in the realization of individual moral health as the goal at the same time, and put forward certain requirements of social moral health. Secondly on the moral education theory origin and subject foundation of From the traditional analysis. Chinese thought history, seeks the theoretical basis of moral education to the history of Western thought and Marx's moral theory, at the same time, on the basis of moral education for the demonstration. Second, according to the reality of moral education are analyzed. Some moral consciousness is the reflection of social politics and economy. The moral health education, is the market economy, China's social and historical development in the process of democratic politics, the result of the development of advanced culture. At the same time, moral education is the comprehensive development of individuals, to meet the interests, is to enhance the individual social identity, the need to provide a powerful spiritual force for social development, but also need to improve the effectiveness of moral education third. Analysis of basic content of moral education. Moral education is to achieve the goal of individual moral health, is a good form of morality State, the basic content of moral education should first focus on this target is determined. At the same time should focus on "moral health", this is the difference between the special requirements of moral education in general moral education. Specifically, moral education should include the following basic contents: firstly establish the moral health standards, clear the basic requirements of moral health, on the basis of this around to stimulate moral needs, enhance moral understanding, strengthen the moral attitude, four aspects to enhance the moral ability. Fourth, put forward methods of moral health education on moral principles. The method of health education on the principle of moral education needs to reflect the specific methods in common use and specific guidance the method of moral education choice is universal. At the same time, the method of health education on moral principles should meet the requirements of two aspects: the logic and practice it It is a moral education meaning of logic development, on the other hand should reflect every member of society's health benefits, become the universal moral principles and moral health education. Due to limited space, this paper discusses the general method of health education on moral principles: the subject of education and education object unity, social value and the individual value of unity, unity of ideal and reality of. Fifth, explore the path to achieve moral health education. On the realization path of moral education, mainly from four aspects: one is to "moral health" as the starting point, a set of moral rights and obligations of unity the concept on the other hand, correctly handle the relationship between moral rights and moral obligation; the two is to pay attention to health education methods of moral choice, and analyzes several main methods: physical and moral health education Theory of indoctrination method, experience method, model demonstration method, seamless penetration method, moral rewards and punishment method; three is to optimize the moral education to the social environment, from the system, two aspects of public opinion of how to create a fair social environment is explored; the four is to pay attention to the health of individual moral self-education and self-discipline, and explore the individual moral since the main way to teach health: self learning and thinking, read, Shendu Shenwei, jishanchengde. The research meaning of this paper is: one is beneficial to people's free and all-round development. From the longitudinal perspective, moral education can not only promote the individual's physical, mental health, but also to meet the individual moral to realize the individual spiritual pursuit. From the horizontal perspective, moral health education can help individuals solve self contradiction and social need between the needs, to consciously adapt to the society. The two is favorable To build a harmonious society. A harmonious society is a harmonious individual basis. For the construction of a harmonious society, with equal importance to individual moral health and justice system, the individual moral health level is the key factor to build a harmonious society. At the same time, the moral requirements of health education on the health of society itself but also conducive to the development of society and improvement, is conducive to building a harmonious society. The three is conducive to enhancing the effectiveness of moral education and moral education theory. How to adapt to the times change from traditional moral education to the new moral education, is the theory of moral education in the new situation, a new challenge under the new situation. Only in theory to improve their ability to innovate more "timeliness", the theory of moral education in order to continue to enhance its effectiveness. With the deepening of people's health awareness, health -- ethical dimension The importance of moral health has been paid more attention by more and more people. This requires the theory of moral education to keep pace with the times and strengthen the research of moral health education.

【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D648
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本文编号：1576641