现代土耳其社会分层研究

发布时间：2018-03-24 12:00

本文选题：土耳其　切入点：社会分层　出处：《西北大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：土耳其在现代化进程中逐步实现经济自由化和政治民主化,社会阶层的分化和重组进一步加速。受此影响,社会结构和阶层关系由传统的一元结构的权力-依附关系,转变为现代的多元结构的利益互动关系,在各阶层的互动中,身份认同得以建立。贫富差距、地区发展差距、城乡发展差距、教俗关系、民族关系是土耳其阶层矛盾和冲突的主要源头,土耳其政府针对性地建立冲突管理机制,完善阶层流动机制。随着经济发展、制度完善、社会中间阶层的壮大,公民社会团体在土耳其大量出现,这些组织是政府社会职能的有效补充,推动土耳其社会朝着中间化和自治化的方向发展。本文在总结国内外社会分层理论和相关实证研究的基础上,采取纵向的历史分析与横向的专题研究相结合的方式,综合运用历史学和社会学的方法,对土耳其的社会分层结构沿革、阶层互动和身份建构问题进行综合论述。在时间范围上,主要以凯末尔时期为论述重点,同时出于论述逻辑完整性考虑,奥斯曼帝国时期和多党制早期也是本文的研究范围。在本文的研究论述中,试图将较为分散的前人研究成果、观点和材料加以整合,在土耳其现代化进程的大背景中,按照既定的分析模式,多层次和多角度的分析土耳其社会分层的历史、特点和影响,并最终得出自己的认识。本文论述共分为五个部分。绪论部分首先说明了本文的选题初衷,其次,阐述国内外学界有关土耳其社会分层的研究概况,本文的研究方法和框架,主要内容和创新之处。最后,总结和分析了本文论述涉及的各种社会分层理论和相关的学术概念。第一章从历史的维度,根据土耳其历史的阶段性特征,分析了现代土耳其社会分层的渊源和流变,并对不同时期的社会分层特征和阶层构成进行静态的类型学分析。第二章从土耳其社会阶层互动的视角出发,通过专题研究的方式揭示土耳其社会分层结构的内在运行机制。在专题的选择上,选取互动效果较为明显的社会冲突问题为研究案例,分别是阶级矛盾、城乡发展问题、教俗矛盾和民族关系问题。在具体研究中,着重从阶层矛盾的形成、演变和冲突管理三个层次展开分析。第三章从结构主义视角出发,通过对土耳其国家认同、民族认同和文化认同等社会意识形态进行专题研究,论述身份由交往差异中产生,最终内化为阶层认同的过程。结论部分首先对本文分析进行总结,在此基础上,从共性和个性的角度,分析土耳其社会分层在运行机制和发展趋势方面独特性。
[Abstract]:As a result of the progressive economic liberalization and political democratization of Turkey in the process of modernization, the division and restructuring of the social class has been further accelerated. As a result of this, the social structure and social class relations have evolved from the traditional uni-structural power-dependency relationship, In the interaction of various classes, identity can be established. The gap between the rich and the poor, the gap between regional development, the gap between urban and rural development, the relationship between teaching and vulgarity, Ethnic relations are the main source of contradictions and conflicts among the Turkish class. The Turkish government has set up a conflict management mechanism and improved the mechanism of stratum mobility. With the development of the economy, the improvement of the system, and the growth of the middle class of society, The presence of civil society groups in Turkey is an effective complement to the social functions of the Government, This paper, on the basis of summarizing the theory of social stratification at home and abroad and relevant empirical research, adopts the combination of vertical historical analysis and horizontal thematic study. Using the methods of history and sociology, this paper comprehensively discusses the evolution of social stratification structure, stratum interaction and identity construction in Turkey. At the same time, considering the logic integrity, the Ottoman Empire and the early period of multiparty system are also the scope of this study. In this study, we try to integrate the scattered research results, viewpoints and materials. In the context of the modernization process in Turkey, according to the established analytical model, the history, characteristics and influence of the stratification of Turkish society are analyzed in a multi-level and multi-angle manner. The introduction part first explains the original intention of this paper, secondly, expounds the research survey of Turkish social stratification at home and abroad, the research method and framework of this paper. Finally, the author summarizes and analyzes various social stratification theories and related academic concepts discussed in this paper. This paper analyzes the origin and evolution of social stratification in modern Turkey, and makes a static typological analysis of the characteristics and composition of social stratification in different periods. This paper reveals the internal operating mechanism of the stratified structure of Turkish society by means of thematic studies. In the selection of topics, the social conflicts, which have obvious interactive effects, are selected as study cases, which are class contradictions, urban and rural development issues, respectively. In the specific research, the author focuses on the formation, evolution and conflict management of the stratum contradiction. Chapter three starts from the perspective of structuralism, through the identification of the Turkish state. A special research on social ideology such as national identity and cultural identity is carried out, which discusses the process of identity arising from the differences in communication and finally internalizing into class identity. The conclusion part first summarizes the analysis of this paper, on the basis of which, From the perspective of commonness and individuality, this paper analyzes the uniqueness of Turkish social stratification in terms of its operational mechanism and development trend.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D737.4

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