我国警察行政处罚权规制研究

发布时间：2018-04-17 17:29

  本文选题：警察 + 行政权　； 参考：《大连海事大学》2017年博士论文

【摘要】：警察行政处罚权是警察行政执法的核心权力之一,也是出现失范乱象的重灾区。对这一权力进行规制是新形势下我国政治体制改革必须破解的法治难题,具有重大的理论意义和现实意义。本文首先从理论角度研究警察行政处罚权,分别从公权力的本质属性上归结出其具有的基本特点和法律依据;从警察行政处罚权的配置和运行上,批判地借鉴"监管者"、"守夜人"模式,提出我国警察行政改革的方向是转换为"服务者"模式;从法理角度上确定了私权利与公权力的平衡、赋权与控权的平衡、依法行政与自由裁量的平衡作为警察行政处罚权规制的根基。改革不能闭门造车,笔者将我国与域外警察行政处罚权进行比较研究,进一步明确规制的目标与方向。然后,对我国警察行政处罚权的现实状况进行剖析,通过近年来发生的诸多典型案件进行梳理和归纳,将一般警察行政处罚权失范现象归结为警察行政主体不适格、警察行政作为违法和警察行政不作为违法等类型;将特殊警察行政处罚权失范现象归结为收容教育制度失范、劳动教养制度废止后替代措施失范等类型。并重点对产生问题的主要原因进行阐述,警察行政处罚权的强大与自主是其易侵犯私权利的内在属性;我国体制与制度上的滞后发展是该权力失范运行的外部环境;从时间经线上去追溯,这一问题的形成有着深刻的历史背景与思想文化根基;从空间纬线上去考量,我国社会转型时期的矛盾凸显,也造成权力运行发生偏差。最后,从与发达国家地区的比较研究中,明确我国警察行政处罚权规制必须树立起警察行政处罚法定原则、警察行政处罚比例原则和警务公共、公开、公正原则等基本原则。从理论结合实务层面着重探讨警察行政处罚权规制的制度选择和路径,对颇具共性意义的一般警察行政处罚权规制路径进行集中阐述,从树立服务理念、完善法律体系、限制自由裁量权、改进听证制度和健全救济制度等方面提出对策建议。并将特殊警察行政处罚权规制路径单独列出,对废止收容教育制度和后劳动教养时代的发展趋势提出了具体观点。
[Abstract]:Police administrative punishment power is one of the core powers of police administrative law enforcement, and it is also a serious disaster area.The regulation of this power is a difficult problem of the rule of law which must be solved in the political system reform of our country under the new situation, which has great theoretical and practical significance.This paper first studies the police administrative punishment power from a theoretical point of view, respectively from the nature of the public power to sum up its basic characteristics and legal basis, from the police administrative punishment power configuration and operation,Using the mode of "supervisor" and "watchman" for reference critically, this paper puts forward that the direction of police administrative reform in our country is to transform the mode of "service person", and from the angle of legal theory, it determines the balance between private right and public power, and the balance between empowerment and control power.The balance between administration by law and discretion is the foundation of the regulation of police administrative penalty power.The reform cannot be done behind closed doors. The author makes a comparative study of the administrative punishment power of our country and the police outside the country, and further clarifies the goal and direction of regulation.Then, it analyzes the reality of police administrative punishment power in our country. Through combing and summing up many typical cases in recent years, the phenomenon of general police administrative penalty power loss is attributed to police administrative subject discomfort.The police administration as illegal and the police administrative omission illegal and so on, the special police administrative penalty power loss phenomenon is attributed to the detention education system to be out of order, and the alternative measures after the abolition of the re-education through labour system to be out of the norm and so on.The main reasons for the problems are discussed in detail. The strong and independent power of the police administrative punishment is the inherent attribute of its vulnerable private rights, the lagging development of the system and system in our country is the external environment in which the power is out of order.The formation of this problem has a profound historical background and ideological and cultural foundation. From the perspective of spatial latitude, the contradictions in the period of social transformation in our country are highlighted, which also cause deviation in the operation of power.Finally, from the comparative study between China and developed countries, it is clear that the regulation of police administrative punishment power in China must set up the principle of police administrative punishment law, the principle of proportion of police administrative punishment and the principle of public, public, fair and so on.From the angle of theory and practice, this paper focuses on the system choice and path of the regulation of police administrative punishment power, and expounds the common administrative punishment power regulation path of general police in order to set up the service idea and perfect the legal system.To limit the discretion, improve the hearing system and improve the relief system.And the special police administrative punishment right regulation path is listed separately, has put forward the concrete viewpoint to abolish the reception education system and the development trend of the post-reeducation through labor era.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.14
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本文编号：1764553