陶格陶夫图日《事业与学业条款》的法理学研究

发布时间：2018-05-12 06:00

  本文选题：陶格陶夫图日 + 《事业与学业条款》　； 参考：《内蒙古大学》2017年博士论文

【摘要】：巴图敖其尔·陶格陶夫图日(1797—1868年,以下简称陶格陶夫图日)是清代喀尔喀蒙古车臣汗部伊勒登王旗扎萨克郡王、车臣汗盟会会长、和呗王,系19世纪蒙古族法学家、哲学家、教育家、经济学家、启蒙家、社会改革家,也是蒙古文化的继承者和传承者。陶格陶夫图日针对当时喀尔喀蒙古社会政治、经济、文化领域发生的巨大变化,从1853年开始颁布实施了具有地方性法规性质的《事业与学业条款》(简称《陶王训诫》)。他对谋生之道、致富之道有着独到的见解,为了提高旗民素质和生活质量积极谋划,筹办《四个达西》,创办工厂和学校,开展并普及文化教育,建立庙产实体,兴办宗教活动和启蒙教育活动,进行游牧经济、农业、手工业、贸易等一系列改革以提高社会经济效益,获得了良好的社会效益。他的法律思想、哲学思想、教育思想、伦理思想、经济思想均体现在他所颁布实施的《事业与学业条款》之中。从这些条款,我们可以全面了解到他对游牧文化所作出的贡献及其所产生的实践与理论意义。蒙古民族建立横跨欧亚大陆的大国,开创世界新的格局时,他们早已拥有基于游牧文明所成形的政治、法律等上层建筑体系。其中法律法规发挥的作用最为重要。马克思主义认为:"每一种生产方式都产生出它特有的法律关系。"而且,"法律关系,既不能从它本身来理解,也不能用所谓人类精神的一般发展来理解。恰恰相反,它们根源于物质的生活关系"。因为,"根据唯物史观,历史过程中的决定因素,归根到底是现实生活的生产和再生产"。运用马克思主义社会经济与上层建筑辩证关系理论和原理探讨作为游牧民族典型代表的蒙古族所建立的法律法规及其发展规律,是蒙古学研究的一项重要课题。研究法律的发展过程,只有从蒙古民族游牧文化、历史、经济为出发点,才能找到正确的思路。陶格陶夫图日所颁布实施的《事业与学业条款》是一部涵盖蒙古游牧生产生活、经济、政治、风俗习惯、行为规范、文明的珍贵文献。在全面推动民族文化大繁荣的今天,本文以这部《事业与学业条款》为研究对象,运用文献学研究方法进行仔细解读,试图总结出蒙古族游牧经济、政治与风俗习惯、法律法规之间的关系以及法律法规形成的物质基础和历史文化特点。《事业与学业条款》以民族性、哲理性、权威性、教育性为特点,是规范蒙古族生产生活的习惯法,是制定法律法规的根据。作为凝聚蒙古族长时期游牧生活生产经验并高度总结游牧智慧的文献资料,该"事业与学业条款"对正确理解蒙古族法律思想,正确评价、继承游牧民族法律文化及其价值具有重要的意义。游牧文化是游牧民族的灵魂,是游牧民族赖以发展的根基之一,也是人类文化重要的组成部分,世界法律文明的重要发端。没有游牧文化的形成发展,就没有当今文明社会的法律意识及法律思想。保护人类文化的多样性,发展各民族独特文化,是当今世界各国各民族所热衷的课题。运用马克思主义经济基础和上层建筑辩证关系和相互作用的理论与规律对游牧民族法律文明和法律文化进行解读时,必须从游牧文明形成发展的历史过程中探索其特点和规律。游牧经济和游牧文明是蒙古族法律法规赖以发源的基础、历史文化根源。本文由绪论和四章所组成。绪论中交代了选题依据及其意义、文化与法律文化研究概况,并对陶格陶夫图日生平及其《事业与学业条款》内容、研究情况、研究方法等进行了简要介绍;第一章,分析《事业与学业条款》的历史文化基础;第二章,阐述《事业与学业条款》的历史背景、内容结构,版本校刊情况;第三章,运用文献学方法研究《事业与学业条款》,并加注释进行了拉丁文转写、汉译、等工作;第四章,以法理学视角阐明其法律文化价值,并研究论证了其传承价值。本文通过以上四个方面的研究,试图解决《事业与学业条款》研究中长期存在的各种讹误,重新分类解析其内容,对其中所蕴含的游牧文化精髓、蒙古法律文化价值的继承意义给予了肯定。
[Abstract]:Batuoqir Taugtauftu day (1797 - 1868, hereinafter referred to as Tao G Tao J Tu day) was the king of Zhan Khan, Khan Khan, Khan, Mongolia, kkha, the president of the Chechen Khan flag, the president of the Chechen Khan League, and the king, the Mongolian jurist, philosopher, educationist, educationist, enlightenment, social reformer, and the inheritance of Mongolia culture. In view of the great changes in the social, political, economic and cultural fields of Mongolia's social, political, economic and cultural fields at that time, tauru tauru has promulgated and implemented the local regulatory and academic terms in 1853. He has a unique view on the way to make a living and to improve the quality of his people. Actively plan for the quality of life, organize the four Darcy, establish factories and schools, carry out and popularize cultural education, establish the entity of the temple production, establish religious activities and enlighten education activities, carry out a series of reforms of nomadic economy, agriculture, handicraft industry, trade and so on to improve the social economic benefits and gain good social benefits. The academic thought, the educational thought, the ethical thought and the economic thought are all embodied in the "cause and the academic terms" which he promulgated and implemented. From these terms, we can fully understand his contribution to the nomadic culture and its practical and theoretical significance. The Mongolia nation built a big country across the Eurasian continent and created a new world. During the period, they had the superstructure system based on the politics, law, and law based on the nomadic civilization. The laws and regulations played the most important role. Marx thought: "each mode of production produces its unique legal relationship." and, "legal relations can neither be understood from itself nor use the so-called human essence." The general development of God is understood. On the contrary, they are rooted in the relationship of material life. "In the final analysis, according to historical materialism, the decisive factors in the historical process are the production and reproduction of real life." using the dialectical relationship theory and principle of Marx's socioeconomic and superstructure as a typical representative of the nomadic people. The laws and regulations established by the Mongolian people and their law of development are an important subject in the study of Mongolia. The development process of the law can only be found from Mongolia's nomadic culture, history and economy. The "career and academic terms" promulgated and implemented by tauru tavu day are a nomadic Mongolia. The production of life, economy, politics, customs and habits, behavior norms, and the precious literature of civilization. In today's overall promotion of the national culture prosperity, this article, taking this "the cause and the academic terms >" as the research object, uses the literature research method to carry on the careful interpretation, tries to sum up the Mongolian and ancient nomadic economy, the politics and customs, the laws and regulations. The relationship and the material basis and historical and cultural characteristics of the formation of laws and regulations. < undertakings and academic terms > is characterized by nationality, philosophy, authority and education. It is the customary law to regulate the production and life of the Mongolian people and the basis for the formulation of laws and regulations. As a result of gathering the experience of nomadic life and production in Mongolia, and summarizing You Muzhi highly It is of great significance for the correct understanding of the Mongolian legal thought, the correct evaluation and the inheritance of the legal culture and its value of the nomadic people. The nomadic culture is the soul of the nomadic people, one of the foundations for the development of the nomadic people, and an important part of the human culture, and the world's legal civilization. Without the formation and development of the nomadic culture, there is no legal consciousness and legal thought in today's civilized society. To protect the diversity of human culture and to develop the unique culture of all nationalities is a topic for all nations in the world today. The dialectical relationship and interaction of Marx's economic basis and superstructure are used. On the interpretation of the legal civilization and legal culture of nomadic people, the characteristics and laws must be explored in the historical process of the formation and development of nomadic civilization. Nomadic economy and nomadic civilization are the basis for the origin of the laws and regulations of the Mongolian nationality, and the historical and cultural roots. This article is composed of the thread and the four chapters. According to its significance, the general situation of cultural and legal culture research, and a brief introduction to the life of Tao tavu's day and its contents, the content, the research situation and the method of research, and so on. In the first chapter, the historical and cultural basis of the "business and the academic terms >" is analyzed. The second chapter describes the historical background, the content structure and the edition of the "business and the academic terms >" The situation of this school journal; the third chapter, the use of documentary methods to study the "business and academic terms >", and add notes to Latin Transliteration, Chinese translation, and other work; the fourth chapter, to clarify its legal cultural value in the perspective of jurisprudence, and research and demonstration of its heritage value. This article through the study of the above four aspects, trying to solve the "business and academic terms > research" The various errors that exist in the long run and the reclassification and analysis of its contents are affirmed in the essence of the nomadic culture and the significance of the legal cultural value of Mongolia.

【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D90
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本文编号：1877407