普通高中课程实施的个案研究—L中学“唤醒心灵教育”理念下的课程构建
发布时间：2018-08-22 12:53
【摘要】：2004开始实施的普通高中课程改革,于2012年在全国全面推行。伴随着高中课程改革的推进,课程实施的研究也不断深化,但是基于学校层面的普通高中课程实施的研究还不多。为此,本项研究在基础教育课程改革的背景下,依据国家制定的《普通高中课程方案(实验稿)》(以下简称《方案》),以一个普通高中L中学为研究个案,考察学校层面的课程实施状况,分析课程实施中各种要素及其关系,探究影响课程实施的因素,以期提出有效的实施高中课程的建议。本研究通过对个案学校L中学的课程实施状况的深入分析,剖析出学校层面课程实施的若干核心问题。为探索学校如何有效地落实国家制定的《方案》,L中学把握实施过程中的众多因素,以《方案》为依据,以学校自身的发展历史和学校文化为依托,以学校现有条件和现状为基础,力争创造性地在学校层面做好课程体系构建,促进课程实施。L中学的课程实施是基于多年形成的学校理念与文化特征,以“构建唤醒心灵课程体系”为主线开展的。唤醒心灵课程体系的构建是依据《方案》的要求,将唤醒心灵教育理念作为学校发展特色的灵魂,融入学校课程体系的构建,同时满足社会和家长的需求。唤醒心灵课程体系落实体现在三个维度：一是国家课程的自觉落实,力求保障学生发展的国家课程的全面落实,力求给学生较为充分的选择性,尤其是真正落实能体现学生个性化的课程,全面落实国家课程才能真正达到全面的唤醒心灵；二是加大校本课程的选择性,通过建设符合学校自身特点的课程用以体现课程选择性,力求让每个学生追求自由,放飞心灵,促进学生个性化发展；三是以自主为核心变革教学方式和学习方式,以此支撑国家课程、校本课程在课堂上的落实,同时增强学生的自主性。研究表明,学校层面的课程实施中,以课程体系构建为载体的课程规划是至关重要的,它保障了课程实施过程中的方向正确,也保障了过程中的调控和反思；学校课程体系构建不能简单照抄照搬《方案》的要求,要构建符合自身理念的课程体系,形成有灵魂的课程规划,保障学校发展特色的持续；学校课程体系构建要依据学生发展特点,满足学生发展需求。通过研究,初步探索出了学校层面创造性地实施国家课程的一种模式,在综合考虑各方面因素的情况下,将《方案》调试成一种适切的选择来构建课程体系,能够落实国家课程的基本要求,能够体现学校的文化与特色,并能够最大限度满足社会需求。在研究中笔者还发现由于高中发展的限制因素众多而复杂,学校层面的课程实施仍然存在以下问题：《方案》自身存在缺陷,如描述的清晰度不足等；行政部门在行动的引领、政策的给予、自主权的赋予等方面的力度不足；学校层面缺乏理念、自我规划意识淡薄等。
[Abstract]:The ordinary high school curriculum reform, which began in 2004, was fully implemented throughout the country in 2012. Along with the advancement of curriculum reform in senior high school, the research on curriculum implementation is deepening, but there are few researches on curriculum implementation of ordinary high school based on school level. Therefore, under the background of the curriculum reform of basic education, this study takes a general high school L middle school as a case study according to the "General Senior High School Curriculum Program (Experimental draft)" (hereinafter referred to as "the Program"), which is formulated by the State. This paper reviews the implementation of the curriculum at the school level, analyzes the various elements and their relations in the implementation of the curriculum, probes into the factors that affect the implementation of the curriculum, and puts forward some effective suggestions for the implementation of the curriculum in the senior middle school. Based on the analysis of the implementation of curriculum in L middle school, this study analyzes some core problems of curriculum implementation at school level. In order to explore how to effectively implement the "plan" made by the state, and how to grasp the many factors in the process of implementation, the school should take the "plan" as the basis, and rely on the school's own development history and school culture. On the basis of the existing conditions and present situation of the school, we strive to creatively construct the curriculum system at the school level and promote the curriculum implementation in the middle school of .L, which is based on the school concept and cultural characteristics formed for many years. The main line is to construct the curriculum system of arousing the mind. The construction of the arousal mind curriculum system is based on the requirements of the "plan". The concept of arousal mind education is regarded as the soul of the school's development characteristics, which is integrated into the construction of the school curriculum system and meets the needs of the society and the parents at the same time. The realization of the curriculum system of arousal mind is reflected in three dimensions: first, the conscious implementation of the national curriculum, the full implementation of the national curriculum that guarantees the students' development, and the full selection of the students. In particular, to truly implement the curriculum that can embody the individuation of students and fully implement the national curriculum can truly awaken the soul; second, it is necessary to increase the selectivity of school-based curriculum. Through the construction of curriculum according to the school's own characteristics to reflect the curriculum selectivity, and strive to let every student pursue freedom, release the mind, promote the students' individual development; third, take autonomy as the core to change the teaching methods and learning methods, In order to support the national curriculum, school-based curriculum in the classroom implementation, while enhancing the autonomy of students. The research shows that the curriculum planning with curriculum system construction as the carrier is very important in the curriculum implementation at the school level, which ensures the correct direction in the course of curriculum implementation, and also ensures the regulation and reflection in the process. The construction of school curriculum system should not simply copy the requirements of "Plan", but should construct the curriculum system that conforms to its own idea, form a soulful curriculum planning, and ensure the continuity of the characteristics of school development. The school curriculum system should be constructed according to the characteristics of students' development and meet the needs of students' development. Through the research, we have preliminarily explored a kind of mode of creatively implementing the national curriculum at the school level. Under the condition of synthetically considering the various factors, we have debugged the "Plan" as an appropriate choice to construct the curriculum system. Can fulfill the basic requirements of the national curriculum, can reflect the culture and characteristics of the school, and can meet the needs of society to the maximum extent. In the study, the author also found that because of the numerous and complex constraints of high school development, the curriculum implementation at the school level still has the following problems: the "plan" itself has defects, such as the lack of clarity in the description, and so on; the administrative department leads the action. Policy giving, autonomy giving and so on are not enough; school level lacks of idea, self-planning consciousness is weak, etc.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G632.3
，
本文编号：2197153
[Abstract]:The ordinary high school curriculum reform, which began in 2004, was fully implemented throughout the country in 2012. Along with the advancement of curriculum reform in senior high school, the research on curriculum implementation is deepening, but there are few researches on curriculum implementation of ordinary high school based on school level. Therefore, under the background of the curriculum reform of basic education, this study takes a general high school L middle school as a case study according to the "General Senior High School Curriculum Program (Experimental draft)" (hereinafter referred to as "the Program"), which is formulated by the State. This paper reviews the implementation of the curriculum at the school level, analyzes the various elements and their relations in the implementation of the curriculum, probes into the factors that affect the implementation of the curriculum, and puts forward some effective suggestions for the implementation of the curriculum in the senior middle school. Based on the analysis of the implementation of curriculum in L middle school, this study analyzes some core problems of curriculum implementation at school level. In order to explore how to effectively implement the "plan" made by the state, and how to grasp the many factors in the process of implementation, the school should take the "plan" as the basis, and rely on the school's own development history and school culture. On the basis of the existing conditions and present situation of the school, we strive to creatively construct the curriculum system at the school level and promote the curriculum implementation in the middle school of .L, which is based on the school concept and cultural characteristics formed for many years. The main line is to construct the curriculum system of arousing the mind. The construction of the arousal mind curriculum system is based on the requirements of the "plan". The concept of arousal mind education is regarded as the soul of the school's development characteristics, which is integrated into the construction of the school curriculum system and meets the needs of the society and the parents at the same time. The realization of the curriculum system of arousal mind is reflected in three dimensions: first, the conscious implementation of the national curriculum, the full implementation of the national curriculum that guarantees the students' development, and the full selection of the students. In particular, to truly implement the curriculum that can embody the individuation of students and fully implement the national curriculum can truly awaken the soul; second, it is necessary to increase the selectivity of school-based curriculum. Through the construction of curriculum according to the school's own characteristics to reflect the curriculum selectivity, and strive to let every student pursue freedom, release the mind, promote the students' individual development; third, take autonomy as the core to change the teaching methods and learning methods, In order to support the national curriculum, school-based curriculum in the classroom implementation, while enhancing the autonomy of students. The research shows that the curriculum planning with curriculum system construction as the carrier is very important in the curriculum implementation at the school level, which ensures the correct direction in the course of curriculum implementation, and also ensures the regulation and reflection in the process. The construction of school curriculum system should not simply copy the requirements of "Plan", but should construct the curriculum system that conforms to its own idea, form a soulful curriculum planning, and ensure the continuity of the characteristics of school development. The school curriculum system should be constructed according to the characteristics of students' development and meet the needs of students' development. Through the research, we have preliminarily explored a kind of mode of creatively implementing the national curriculum at the school level. Under the condition of synthetically considering the various factors, we have debugged the "Plan" as an appropriate choice to construct the curriculum system. Can fulfill the basic requirements of the national curriculum, can reflect the culture and characteristics of the school, and can meet the needs of society to the maximum extent. In the study, the author also found that because of the numerous and complex constraints of high school development, the curriculum implementation at the school level still has the following problems: the "plan" itself has defects, such as the lack of clarity in the description, and so on; the administrative department leads the action. Policy giving, autonomy giving and so on are not enough; school level lacks of idea, self-planning consciousness is weak, etc.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G632.3
，
本文编号：2197153
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