55-65岁静坐少动女性运动干预的时效性研究

发布时间：2018-11-14 20:00

【摘要】：目的：规律的锻炼可延缓中老年女性慢性病和致残因素的发生发展,提高生活质量。本研究旨在观察最低运动推荐量及其半量在不同运动方式干预下,3个月、6个月和3个月停训对中老年女性改善健康的时效性变化。方法：社区招募115名55-65岁的中老年女性,将其分为对照组12人,健步走组36人,小量跑步组13人,跑步组15人,太极拳组24人,广场舞组15人,分别进行6个月不同方式的干预,在干预3个月、6个月以及停训3个月后测试其形态学指标、代谢指标、心肺功能指标及运动负荷实验相关指标。结果：(1)干预3个月,55-65岁静坐少动女性的步幅、肺活量、V02max、V02AT、 V02RCP、安静心率、LDL-C均有明显改善,跑步组变化较为明显。(2)干预6个月,55-65岁静坐少动女性的步幅、体重、安静心率、肺活量、V02AT、V02RCP. 50%-60%V02max强度运动中的心率和血压、TC、HDL-C均有明显改善,太极拳组变化较为明显。(3)停训3个月,步幅、V02max.50%-60%V02max强度运动中的心率和血压的健康效益较稳定,健步走和太极拳组安静心率、肺活量的健康效益较为稳定。(4)小量跑步组干预3个月步幅、肺活量、V02max显著提升,停训3个月长期保持。结论：(1)3-6个月最低运动推荐量(1080—1296 kcal/wk)的干预,55-65岁静坐少动女性的健康效益主要体现在步幅、心肺耐力和脂代谢功能的改善,且停训3个月后长期保持。3-6个月1/2最低运动推荐量(540—648kcal/wk)的运动干预,能提高55-65岁静坐少动女性的步幅、心肺耐力,并在停训3个月后长期保持。(2)跑步前期(3个月)健康效益改善较为明显,太极拳后期(6个月)更明显,健步走和太极拳停训后效益更易维持,行进广场舞则整体变化不明显。
[Abstract]:Objective: regular exercise can delay the occurrence and development of chronic diseases and disability factors, and improve the quality of life. The aim of this study was to observe the time effect of minimum recommended exercise volume and its half dose on the health improvement of middle-aged and elderly women after 3 months, 6 months and 3 months of rest training under the intervention of different exercise modes. Methods: 115 middle-aged and elderly women aged 55-65 were recruited and divided into control group (n = 12), walking group (n = 36), running group (n = 13), running group (n = 15), Taijiquan group (n = 24) and square dancing group (n = 15). The morphological index, metabolism index, cardiopulmonary function index and related indexes of exercise load experiment were measured at 3 months, 6 months and 3 months after the intervention. Results: (1) after 3 months of intervention, the stride size, vital capacity, V02maxV 02AT, V02RCPT, quiet heart rate and LDL-C of 55-65 years old sedentary women were significantly improved. (2) the changes in the running group were more obvious than those in the running group for 6 months. Step size, body weight, quiet heart rate, vital capacity, V02ATT V02RCPs of 55-65 years old sedentary women. The heart rate, blood pressure and TC,HDL-C were significantly improved in 50%-60%V02max intensity exercise, and the changes in Taijiquan group were more obvious. (3) stop training for 3 months, step length, The health benefits of heart rate and blood pressure in V02max.50%-60%V02max intensity exercise were relatively stable, while that in the walking and Taijiquan groups was stable. (4) in the small running group, the three months step, vital capacity, and lung capacity were stable. V02max increased significantly and remained at the end of training for 3 months. Conclusion: (1) with the intervention of minimum recommended exercise dose (1080-1296 kcal/wk) for 3-6 months, the health benefits of 55-65 years old sedentary women are mainly reflected in the improvement of step size, cardiopulmonary endurance and lipid metabolism. The intervention of minimum recommended exercise volume (540-648kcal/wk) of 1 / 2 at 3-6 months after stopping training for a long period of 3 months could increase the walking rate and cardiopulmonary endurance of 55-65 years old sedentary women. The health benefits were improved significantly in the early running period (3 months), especially in the late stage of Taijiquan training (6 months), and the benefits were easier to maintain after walking and Taijiquan stopped training. Marching square dance is the overall change is not obvious.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G804.49

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