二甲双胍对妊娠期糖尿病小鼠母代和跨代代谢功能的影响及机制
发布时间:2018-01-18 03:02
本文关键词:二甲双胍对妊娠期糖尿病小鼠母代和跨代代谢功能的影响及机制 出处:《重庆医科大学》2017年博士论文 论文类型:学位论文
更多相关文章: 妊娠期糖尿病 二甲双胍 母代 跨代 代谢功能
【摘要】:目的:妊娠期糖尿病(Gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM)是指妊娠期间首次发生或者发现的糖代谢异常,是一种常见的妊娠期疾病。近年来我国GDM发病率逐渐增高达17.5%。相对于快速增长的发病率,GDM的临床治疗药物却十分有限。二甲双胍是当前全球治疗2型糖尿病最广泛的口服降糖药之一,但目前二甲双胍对母儿的影响尤其是远期影响知之甚少,缺乏相关基础研究。因此本研究通过创建GDM小鼠模型,研究二甲双胍对GDM小鼠母代及跨代代谢功能影响及机制。方法:(1)利用Leprdb/+转基因小鼠和C57BL/6J高脂(HFD)喂养小鼠进行GDM表型验证。验证模型期间,称量孕鼠体质量,测量孕鼠口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)、空腹血糖水平、空腹胰岛素水平和瘦素水平,以及解剖孕鼠对生理表型指标进行对比,以确定GDM小鼠模型成功。(2)给予GDM孕鼠二甲双胍干预,研究二甲双胍对GDM孕鼠糖脂代谢的影响及机制。干预后称量GDM小鼠孕期体质量,并测定口服葡萄糖耐量试验以及空腹血糖、胰岛素、瘦素、血脂水平;解剖孕鼠对生理表型指标进行对比;肝脏苏木精-伊红(HE)染色和油红-O染色观察肝脏脂肪变性;Western blotting检测肝脏组织和肌肉组织中腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶(AMPK)、乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(ACC)、磷脂酰肌醇-3激酶(PI3K)、蛋白激酶B(Akt)、以及丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)家族成员(细胞外调节蛋白激酶(ERK)、c-Jun氨基末端激酶(JNK)、P38)等信号分子的表达差异;RT-PCR分析AMPKα1、ACC、Akt1、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNFα)、白介素-1β(IL-1β)和白介素-6(IL-6)m RNA在肝脏组织和肌肉组织中的表达差异。(3)建立GDM小鼠传代模型,制造子一代(F1)和子二代(F2)。喂养F1代小鼠至26周,于3周龄和20周龄分别给予高脂饲料(HFD)喂养第二次打击;喂养F2代小鼠至28周,于22周给予HFD喂养第二次打击。每周称量F1和F2代体质量,测量第二次打击前后OGTT和胰岛素耐量试验(ITT),解剖F1代和F2代小鼠对生理表型指标进行对比;测量F2代小鼠第二次打击前后动脉收缩压。结果:(1)Leprdb/+转基因小鼠第一次妊娠和第二次妊娠均无糖耐量受损、胰岛素抵抗等GDM表型;HFD饮食诱导C57BL/6J小鼠妊娠期出现糖耐量异常、胰岛素抵抗、超重、胎鼠质量/胎盘质量比值增高等GDM典型表型。故Leprdb/+转基因小鼠模型失败,HFD饮食诱导小鼠GDM模型成功。(2)母代研究中:二甲双胍可明显改善GDM小鼠葡萄糖耐量水平和胰岛素抵抗水平;降低GDM小鼠体质量、降低血清甘油三酯、(TG)、游离脂肪酸(f FA)、低密度脂蛋白浓度(LDL)浓度。二甲双胍可以改善肝脏脂肪变性。二甲双胍可以增加肝脏和肌肉组织磷酸化AMPK、磷酸化ACC、磷酸化PI3K、磷酸化Akt、磷酸化JNK、磷酸化ERK、磷酸化P38蛋白表达。二甲双胍可显著降低GDM小鼠肝脏和肌肉组织TNFα、IL-β、IL-6等m RNA表达。(3)子代研究中;二甲双胍干预GDM小鼠后可使F1代雄性小鼠HFD打击后远期体质量降低、葡萄糖耐量升高和胰岛素抵抗降低;不同宫内背景的F1代雄性小鼠与相同母系基因背景小鼠交配后发现,HFD打击后二甲双胍可跨代降低F2代雄性小鼠体质量、增加葡萄糖耐量、减低动脉收缩压等。结论:(1)Leprdb/+转基因小鼠不再是自发性GDM小鼠模型;HFD饮食诱导C57BL/6J小鼠可作为GDM小鼠模型。(2)二甲双胍可以改善GDM小鼠母代糖耐量异常、胰岛素抵抗,降低体质量和血脂水平,降低炎症因子,这可能与其肝脏和肌肉AMPK-ACC通路、PI3K-AKT通路以及MAPK通路信号蛋白磷酸化水平增高有关。(3)二甲双胍可改善GDM小鼠F1代和F2代代谢功能、降低体质量。
[Abstract]:Objective: gestational diabetes mellitus (Gestational diabetes, mellitus, GDM) refers to the first occurrence of pregnancy or abnormal glucose metabolism, is a common disease in pregnancy. The incidence of GDM in our country gradually increased up to 17.5%. with respect to the onset of rapid growth rate in recent years, the clinical treatment of drug GDM metformin is very limited. One of the current global oral hypoglycemic drugs in treatment of type 2 diabetes most widely, but the effect of metformin on mothers and infants especially little is known about the effects of long-term, the lack of relevant basic research. The GDM mice model through the study of metformin on GDM mice generation and cross generation effects and mechanism of metabolic function. Methods: (1) the use of Leprdb/+ transgenic mice and C57BL/6J mice fed high-fat (HFD) GDM phenotype and verified, model, body weight of pregnant rats weighing, weight test oral glucose tolerance (OG pregnant rats of grape TT), fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin and leptin levels, and anatomy of pregnant rats on physiological phenotypes were compared, in order to determine the GDM mouse model successfully. (2) pregnant rats given GDM metformin intervention, study the effects of metformin on glucose and lipid metabolism of GDM rats and the mechanism. The intervention of GDM mice weighing body mass during pregnancy determination, and oral glucose tolerance test and fasting blood glucose, insulin, leptin, lipid level; anatomy of pregnant rats to compare the physiological index of liver phenotype; hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining to observe hepatic fatty degeneration and oil red -O staining; amp activated protein kinase Western blotting detection of liver tissue and muscle tissue (AMPK), acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC), phosphatidylinositol -3 kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (Akt), and mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) family members (extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK), c-Jun amino terminal 绔縺閰,
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