传统与现代之间：1800-1949年安徽地震灾害与社会应对

发布时间：2018-01-09 02:02

本文关键词：传统与现代之间：1800-1949年安徽地震灾害与社会应对　出处：《安徽大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：1800-1949年安徽频发各种自然灾害,地震灾害也进入了相对活跃期,这给当时安徽民众造成了较为严重的经济损失和人员伤亡,同时也深刻影响着长江中下游地区的经济文化发展水平,加之地震预报和控制仍是当今世界性的科学难题之一。因此,我们很有必要从历史地震史料中找出安徽地震的特点和规律,分析安徽地震频发的诸多因素和原因,以及总结安徽民众成功的抗震防震经验,从而为当今安徽乃至整个长江中下游地区经济文化协同发展服务。第一部分主要论述了安徽地理环境对安徽地震的影响,同时简要的概括了1800-1949年安徽地震的有关灾情,并从传统与现代两个视角分析了安徽地震发生的原因。第二部分是在前期梳理的1800-1949年安徽地震史料长编的基础上,分析150年内安徽地震的时间、空间以及纵横向比较特点,进而得出安徽地震的一些特点和规律。第三部分论述的是安徽地震造成的影响,主要从经济和社会两个角度加以阐述。第四部分是全文的重点,主要从多角度分析了安徽地震的救济工作和防震减震工作。从安徽地震的救济工作来看:阐述了传统和现代救灾机制的不同,清朝中晚期是传统救灾机制的式微期,救灾缺乏中央政府的统一领导;民国时期现代救灾机制面临多重困境,政府救灾困难重重,民间救灾力量逐渐兴起。从安徽防震减震工作看:处于转型期的安徽更加注重地质地震的研究、地震观测仪器的运用、地震教育水平的提高和地震人才的选拔,同时更加关注现实,以提高建筑物抗震标准为首要责任,诸多的努力提高了安徽地震的抗震防震水平。
[Abstract]:From 1800-1949, various kinds of natural disasters occurred frequently in Anhui Province, and the earthquake disaster also entered a relatively active period, which caused serious economic losses and casualties to Anhui people at that time. At the same time, it also has a profound impact on the level of economic and cultural development in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. In addition, earthquake prediction and control is still one of the worldwide scientific problems. It is very necessary for us to find out the characteristics and rules of Anhui earthquake from the historical earthquake data, analyze many factors and reasons of Anhui earthquake frequent occurrence, and summarize the successful earthquake prevention experience of Anhui people. The first part mainly discusses the impact of Anhui geographical environment on Anhui earthquake. At the same time a brief summary of the 1800-1949 Anhui earthquake disaster situation. The causes of Anhui earthquake are analyzed from the traditional and modern perspectives. The second part is based on the long compilation of Anhui earthquake historical data from 1800-1949. The characteristics of time, space and vertical and lateral comparison of Anhui earthquake within 150 years are analyzed, and some characteristics and laws of Anhui earthquake are obtained. The third part deals with the influence caused by Anhui earthquake. Mainly from the economic and social perspectives to elaborate. 4th is the focus of the full text. This paper mainly analyzes the relief work and earthquake mitigation work of Anhui earthquake from many angles. From the relief work of Anhui earthquake, it expounds the difference between traditional and modern disaster relief mechanism. The middle and late Qing Dynasty was the decline of the traditional disaster relief mechanism, and the disaster relief lacked the unified leadership of the central government. In the period of the Republic of China, modern disaster relief mechanism faced many difficulties, the government disaster relief difficulties, folk disaster relief forces gradually rise. From Anhui earthquake mitigation work: in the transition period of Anhui pay more attention to the study of geological earthquakes. The use of seismic observation instruments, the improvement of seismic education level and the selection of earthquake talents, and more attention to the reality, to improve the building seismic standards as the primary responsibility. Many efforts have raised the level of earthquake resistance in Anhui.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P315;K29

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