幼儿感觉统合失调程度与身体素质相关性研究

发布时间：2018-01-11 13:45

本文关键词：幼儿感觉统合失调程度与身体素质相关性研究　出处：《沈阳师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：幼儿期间作为教育的早期阶段,对孩子未来的成长与发展至关重要。不良孕育和养育的环境与方式,易导致幼儿行为发生异常,如孕育中不良生活习惯、剖腹产、养育中的过度呵护等。有研究证实幼儿的速度、力量、耐力与感觉统合失调关系密切。幼儿感觉统合失调是感觉信息不能在中枢神经系统有效的整合,导致幼儿出现身体素质低下、性格孤僻、学习困难等一系列行为问题,本研究在以往的研究基础上,借助感觉统合失调量表筛选出感觉统合失调的幼儿,用可量化的综合身体素质指标进一步分析探讨感觉统合失调程度与身体素质的相关性。通过针对性的身体素质练习有效的改善感觉统合能力。研究结果显示:1.本次调查中,大部分幼儿感觉统合能力发展正常占总人数的84%,儿童感觉统合轻度失调率为15.3%,中、重度感觉统合失调占0.5%。前庭无失调85.3%,轻度失调13.9%,中度失调0.3%,重度失调0.3%;本体感无失调83.2%,轻度失调16.3%,中度失调0.3%;触觉防御无失调83.6%,轻度失调15.8%,中度失调0.6%;学习能力不足无失调17%,轻度失调3.7,中度失调0.3%,感觉统合失调程度最高为前庭失调其次是触觉防御、本体感失调、学习能力不足。2.通过对3-6岁幼儿身体素质进行分析发现3-6岁幼儿随着年龄的增长有些身体素质逐渐提高,有些反而下降,各项身体素质与以往研究相比较成绩较高,总体身体素质男幼儿优于女幼儿。说明3-6岁幼儿的身体素质处于敏感期,应该多参与体育运动,有针对性的进行身体素质练习。3.本体感与七项身体素质关系密切,其中前庭感、触觉防御与感知觉跳跃呈显著性差异,本体感与5米折返跑(速度能力)、网球掷远(上肢力量素质和协调)、平衡木(动态平衡)、触觉接网球(反应能力)、感知觉跳跃(感知觉能力)呈显著性差异。说明本体感与身体素质的发展关系密切,幼儿时期加以正确的运动刺激能够提高身体素质,改善本体感,本体感的提高也对前庭、触觉产生影响。可见3-6岁幼儿处于身心健康发展的重要阶段,应引起社会家长的高度重视。有效的提高感觉统合能力,应结合各项身体素质有针对性的进行运动项目的干预,从而为幼儿今后的发展奠定良好的基础。
[Abstract]:As the early stage of education, it is very important for the future growth and development of children. The bad environment and way of breeding and rearing can lead to abnormal behavior of children, such as bad habits of life in gestation. Caesarean section, excessive care in parenting and so on. Studies have confirmed that children's speed, strength, endurance and sensory integration disorders are closely related. Sensory integration disorder is the sensory information can not be effectively integrated in the central nervous system. This study results in a series of behavioral problems such as low physical quality, withdrawn personality, learning difficulties and so on. Based on previous studies, this study screened out children with sensory integration disorder by means of sensory integration disorder scale. The relationship between sensory integrative disorder and physical fitness was further analyzed with quantifiable comprehensive physical fitness indicators. The results showed that the degree of sensory integrative disorder could be effectively improved by specific physical fitness exercises. 1. In this survey. The normal development of sensory integrative ability in most children accounted for 84% of the total. The rate of mild disorder of sensory integration in children was 15. 3%. The proportion of moderate to severe sensory integration was 0. 5. There was no vestibular disorder 85.3%. Mild disorder was 13.9cm, moderate misadjustment was 0.3cm, severe maladjustment was 0.3cm; There was no maladjustment of body sensation (83.2%), mild disorder (16.3B) and moderate disorder (0.3b). Tactile defense had no maladjustment (83.6), mild disorder (15.8b) and moderate maladjustment (0.6cm). There was no disorder in learning ability (17%), mild disorder (3.7%) and moderate maladjustment (0.3%). The highest degree of sensory integration disorder was vestibular disorder, followed by tactile defense and body disorder. Through the analysis of the physical quality of children aged 3-6 years old, it is found that some children aged 3-6 years old gradually improve their physical fitness with the increase of age, while some children decline. Compared with previous studies, the physical fitness of boys is better than that of girls. It shows that the physical fitness of children aged 3-6 is in a sensitive period and should be more involved in sports. The relationship between body feeling and seven physical qualities is close. There are significant differences in vestibular sense, tactile defense and perceptual jumping. Tennis throws far (upper limb strength and coordination), balance beam (dynamic balance), tactile touch tennis (reaction ability). There is a significant difference in perceptual hopping (perceptual ability), which indicates that the development of physical quality is closely related to the development of the native sense. The correct exercise stimulation in early childhood can improve the physical quality and improve the sense of the body. It can be seen that 3-6 years old children are in an important stage of physical and mental development, should be highly valued by social parents, and effectively improve the ability of sensory integration. In order to lay a good foundation for the development of children in the future, the intervention of sports items should be carried out in combination with various physical qualities.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B848

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