宗教改革时期德国国民教育思潮

发布时间：2018-01-16 01:16

本文关键词：宗教改革时期德国国民教育思潮　出处：《天津师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：德国是世界上最早提出并实行义务教育的国家,这一教育思想可以追溯到宗教改革时期。宗教改革之前,德国的教育主要是受教会控制,在经历了中世纪统治阶级内部的教育改革,文艺复兴时期人文主义者的各项教育主张之后,教育逐步向世俗化转变,到宗教改革时期民众接受教育变成一种大众化趋势。1517年10月31日,德国爆发了宗教改革,这场改革运动不仅使得德国政治,经济,社会发生了翻天覆地的变化,而且教育也随之发生变化。这一时期,路德教的改革家们遵循着"因信称义"的原则,由马丁·路德最先提出实施强迫普及义务教育思想,到布肯哈根大力提倡发展初等教育的思想,梅兰希顿的改造中等学校的思想以及斯图谟创办文科中学的理念,最终这些改革家的教育思想汇聚形成了一股教育思潮,于是就产生了本文主要研究对象即国民教育思想。本文将分三部分来阐述国民教育思潮产生、发展的过程。首先是教育思潮产生的背景,从中世纪的教育世俗化萌芽开始,到文艺复兴时期世俗化的转向,再到宗教改革时期教育世俗化变成了大众化趋势。其次,分析宗教改革时期各个教育改革家的教育思想,有马丁·路德,梅兰希顿,布肯哈根,斯图谟,通过对他们的教育思想的研究最终总结出国民教育思潮这一观点。最后,则是说明这一思想在当时的各种反响以及它对后世教育改革家提出教育改革的作用。
[Abstract]:Germany is the first country in the world to put forward and implement compulsory education, which can be traced back to the period of religious reform. Before the religious reform, German education was mainly controlled by the church. After the educational reform within the medieval ruling class and the educational ideas of Renaissance humanists, education gradually changed to secularization. In October 31st 1517, the religious reform broke out in Germany, this reform movement not only made Germany politics and economy. Society changed dramatically, and so did education. During this period, Lutheran reformers followed the principle of "justification by faith". The idea of compulsory compulsory education was first proposed by Martin Luther, and went to Bukenhagen to promote the idea of developing primary education. Melanheidon's thought of reforming secondary school and the idea that Stummore established liberal arts middle school, finally these reformers' educational thoughts converged to form a trend of thought of education. This article will be divided into three parts to explain the process of the emergence and development of the national education ideological trend. First, the background of the education ideological trend. From the beginnings of the secularization of education in the Middle Ages to the turn of secularization in the Renaissance and then to the secularization of education in the period of religious reform it became a popular trend. An analysis of the educational ideas of the various educational reformers of the Reformation period, Martin Luther, Melanheidon, Bukenhagen, Stumus. Through the study of their educational thought, the author concludes the viewpoint of national educational thought, and at last, explains the reaction of this thought at that time and its effect on the education reform put forward by later generations of educational reformers.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K561

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