大学生心理健康的变化趋势及积极心理特质对心理健康的影响

发布时间：2018-01-18 03:16

本文关键词：大学生心理健康的变化趋势及积极心理特质对心理健康的影响　出处：《南京大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本研究以心理健康的双因素模型为理论基础,以积极心理健康及消极心理健康两个维度共同作为衡量大学生心理健康水平的标准,以1064名南京大学2012级本科生为研究对象,采用横向研究的方法,探索心理弹性、气质性乐观及自我价值感这三个心理变量与心理健康水平的关系;同时采用纵向研究的方法,探索大学生积极心理健康和消极心理健康在时间维度上的变化趋势。研究采用问卷法测量了研究对象的积极心理健康、消极心理健康、心理弹性、气质性乐观以及自我价值感,采用Bootstrap方法,运用SPSS 22.0对横向研究的数据进行了处理与分析;采用多层线性模型,运用HLM6.08对纵向研究的数据进行了处理与分析,得出了以下结论:(1)心理弹性、气质性乐观、自我价值感与大学生积极心理健康存在正相关;心理弹性、气质性乐观、自我价值感与消极心理健康存在负相关。(2)心理弹性和自我价值感在气质性乐观对积极心理健康的影响中存在显著的完全中介效应,其中心理弹性的中介效应值为0.14,自我价值感的中介效应值为0.08,模型总的中介效应大小为0.22。(3)心理弹性和自我价值感在气质性乐观对消极心理健康的影响中存在显著的完全中介效应,其中心理弹性的中介效应值为-0.21,自我价值感的中介效应值为-0.09,模型总的中介效应大小为-0.31。(4)2012年-2015年这四年间,大学生积极心理健康水平显著上升,上升速率为2.04;同时,大学生消极心理健康水平显著下降,下降速率为0.15。根据心理健康的双因素模型,可以判断,在本研究进行的四年间,被访大学生的总体心理健康水平有所提高。同时,积极心理健康水平的上升速率与消极心理健康水平的下降速率均未检验出显著性的个体差异。最后,根据研究得出的结果为大学生心理健康教育及实务工作提出了建议。
[Abstract]:Based on the two-factor model of mental health, this study takes positive mental health and negative mental health as the criteria to measure the mental health level of college students. Taking 1064 undergraduates of Nanjing University in 2012 as the object of study, this paper explores the relationship between psychological variables and mental health level by means of horizontal study, such as mental resilience, temperament optimism and self-worth. At the same time, using the method of longitudinal study, to explore the positive mental health and negative mental health of college students in the time dimension of the change trend. The questionnaire method was used to measure the positive mental health of the subjects. Negative mental health, resilience, temperament optimism and self-worth were analyzed by using Bootstrap method and SPSS 22.0. The multilayer linear model is used to process and analyze the data of longitudinal study by using HLM6.08, and the following conclusion is drawn: 1) resilience and temperament are optimistic. There is a positive correlation between the sense of self-worth and the positive mental health of college students. Psychological flexibility, temperament optimistic. There is a negative correlation between self-worth and negative mental health. (2) resilience and self-worth have significant mediating effect in the influence of temperament optimism on positive mental health. The mediating effect of psychological elasticity was 0.14 and that of self-worth was 0.08. The total intermediary effect of the model was 0.22. 3) there were significant complete mediating effects in the influence of temperament optimism on negative mental health. The mediating effect of psychological elasticity was -0.21, and that of self-worth was -0.09. The total intermediary effect of the model was -0.31. 4) during the four years from 2012 to 2015, the level of positive mental health of college students increased significantly, and the rising rate was 2.04; At the same time, the level of negative mental health of college students significantly decreased, the rate of decline was 0.15. According to the dual-factor model of mental health, we can judge that the study carried out in the past four years. The overall mental health level of the college students was improved. At the same time, there was no significant individual difference between the positive mental health level and the negative mental health level. Finally, there was no significant difference between the positive mental health level and the negative mental health level. According to the results of the study, some suggestions are put forward for college students'mental health education and practical work.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B844.2

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