明清时期里运河水环境变迁及其对区域农业的影响

发布时间：2018-02-09 02:26

本文关键词： 明清时期里运河水环境水灾里下河区域农业　出处：《聊城大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：明清时期,政府十分重视对京杭大运河的疏浚和维护,确保了南粮北运的顺利进行。但是运河利用东西走向的自然河道水源来解决南北之间的水路交通问题,就会不可避免地打乱某些地方水系的正常发展。运河沿线的湖泊或为运河水柜,或为运河水壑,排水、放水都受到了政府的严格控制,也在一定程度上影响了农田用水、排水以及区域农业水环境的变迁。本文通过对大量正史、地方志、档案资料和其他资料的整理分析,考察里运河发展演变对区域主要河流、湖泊以及对农业水环境的影响。在第一章分析了运西诸湖、扬州五塘和运东射阳湖的变迁及其对农业水环境的影响。第二章分析了明清时期里运河水流方向的改变,以及与里运河密切相关的淮河、减河水系的变迁,论述水系变迁的原因及对农业水环境的影响。第三章阐述了明清两朝为“治漕保运”,在运河上尤其是清口一带进行的综合治理,分析里下河区域水灾状况、特点及危害。第四章从耕地面积、土壤肥力、水利灌溉和劳动力供应等方面分析了里运河水环境对区域农业生产资源环境的影响。第五章从水稻复种指数变化、小麦等旱粮作物种植面积的变化、桑棉等经济作物的种植、水产业的发展等方面,探讨了运河影响下明清时期里下河区域农业种植结构的变化。总之,本文从农业发展的角度,阐述了运河开发对区域水环境造成的影响,以及引起了区域农业土壤、人口、灌溉、种植结构等方面的变化。认为里运河的开通和维护,一方面带动了沿线商品经济的发展,促进了南北文化的交流,巩固了封建政权的稳定;另一方面也引起了区域农业水环境的改变,造成区域农业发展停滞。
[Abstract]:During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the government attaches great importance to the Beijing Hangzhou the Grande Canale dredging and maintenance, to ensure that the south grain north carry smoothly. But the canal by East-West natural river water to solve the problem of waterway transportation between the north and the south, will inevitably disrupt the normal development of some local rivers. The canal along the lake or canal or water tank. As the canal water drainage, drainage gully, are subject to the strict control of the government, also affected the agricultural water to a certain extent, and the changes of agricultural drainage area water environment. Based on the large number of official history, local history, analysis of archives and other information, visit in the evolution of the main rivers in the canal area, lake as well as the impact on water environment. In the first chapter analyzes the changes of Yangzhou Yun Xi lake, five pond and lake Sheyang Yundong and its influence on agricultural water environment. The second chapter analyzes During the Ming and Qing Dynasties in the canal flow direction is changed, and the canal is closely related to the Huaihe River, Jianhe change, discusses the reasons for the change of water system and its influence on agricultural water environment. The third chapter expounds the two dynasties of Ming and Qing "rule of operation on the canal Cao", especially with a comprehensive treatment of Qingkou, analysis of Lixiahe regional flood situation, characteristics and hazards. In the fourth chapter, from the area of cultivated land, soil fertility, the influence of Liyun River environment on regional agricultural production resources and environment analysis of irrigation and labor supply and other aspects. The fifth chapter from the change of cropping index of rice, wheat and other crops in the planting area of cotton and mulberry, etc. economic crops, such as aquaculture development, discusses the river regional agricultural planting structure changes under the influence of the canal during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In short, this paper from the angle of agriculture development, expounds the development of the canal Influence of regional water environment, and caused the regional agricultural population, soil, irrigation, change of planting structure. That in the opening of the canal and maintenance, one hand to the development of commodity economy along, promote cultural exchanges between North and south, the consolidation of the Feng Jianzheng power stability; on the other hand also caused agriculture the regional water environment change caused by regional agricultural stagnation.

【学位授予单位】：聊城大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K248

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