曾子礼学思想探究

发布时间：2018-05-15 03:42

本文选题：曾子 + 孔子　；参考：《广西师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：中国所拥有的“礼仪之邦”的荣誉由来已久,探寻源头,这与儒家的礼文化密切相关。对于儒家礼文化的建立发展阶段,大多数学者都过度集中关注孔子、孟子、荀子发挥的重要作用,而忽视了其他早期儒家人物对儒家礼文化的贡献,其中就有曾子。曾子作为孔子后期的学生,由于孔子后期礼学思想相对于前期已经达到更高的层次,因而他所受到的影响相对于孔子前期的学生更为深刻,尤其在礼学思想这一方面,曾子对孔子有重要的继承发展。这就决定了曾子在孔子逝世之后对儒家后来的礼学思想发展必定会发挥重要的影响,其中就主要体现在对子思、孟子的思想影响方面。所以研究曾子的礼学思想对于认知这一阶段儒家礼文化的发展是十分重要的。文章主要在阐述曾子礼学思想形成的时代、社会、家庭以及教育背景之后,系统了论述了礼的起源和发展,其中主要是孔子对礼的发展。主体部分详述了曾子的礼学思想及其实践,并进一步阐述了他在儒家礼学思想发展中的转折位置,主要从他对孔子礼学思想的继承发展以及对子思、孟子思想的影响两方面来呈现。最后对曾子礼学思想对后世及现在的意义做了简单的概述。文章认为曾子观念中礼的本质体现于处理人与人之间的关系中,礼依附于人而具有意义。而基本的人伦关系即父母与子女的关系,所以曾子十分注重孝,这一方面也成为曾子礼学思想的基础部分;另一方面他注重的是由礼的仪式体现的礼的本质,关注的是人们内心对礼的真正理解与认同,而不仅仅是仪式。所以为了追求礼的本质,人们进行内在的反省思考以加强自身修养则是必要的,这两方面构成了曾子礼学思想的主体。与孔子相比,曾子在孔子重视孝的基础上将孝发展成为礼的核心,与孔子以仁为礼的核心形成对比,同时进一步发展了孔子重视礼的本质的观点,这两方面思想进一步对子思、孟子产生了深刻的影响,成为儒家礼学思想发展历程中的重要阶段。
[Abstract]:China has a long history of honor of "courtesy and ceremony", which is closely related to Confucian ritual culture. For the establishment and development stage of Confucian ritual culture, most scholars pay too much attention to the important role played by Confucius, Mencius and Xunzi, but ignored the contributions of other early Confucian figures to Confucian ritual culture, among which Zengzi was one of them. As a student of the later period of Confucius, because of the higher level of Confucius' later thought of ritual study, Zengzi was affected more deeply than the students of early period of Confucius, especially in the aspect of the thought of ritual study. Zengzi had an important inheritance and development to Confucius. This determines that Zengzi will play an important role in the later development of Confucian propriety thought after Confucius' death, which is mainly reflected in the ideological influence of duzi and Mencius. Therefore, it is very important to study Zengzi's thought of ritual study for the development of Confucian ritual culture in this stage. After expounding the age, society, family and educational background of Zengzi's thought of ritual learning, the article systematically discusses the origin and development of ritual, mainly the development of Confucius' propriety. In the main part, Zengzi's thought of rite and its practice are described in detail, and his turning position in the development of Confucian thought of rite is further expounded, mainly from his inheritance and development of Confucius' thought of rite and his thoughts on the subject. Mencius thought of two aspects to present. At last, it summarizes the significance of Zengzi's theory of ritual study to later generations and the present. The article holds that the essence of propriety in Zengzi's concept is embodied in dealing with the relationship between people, and that ritual is attached to people and has meaning. The basic relationship of human relations is the relationship between parents and children, so Zengzi attaches great importance to filial piety. On the one hand, this also becomes the basic part of Zengzi's thought of ritual learning; on the other hand, what he pays attention to is the essence of ritual embodied by ritual. Attention is focused on people's inner understanding and recognition of ritual, not just ritual. Therefore, in order to pursue the essence of propriety, it is necessary for people to reflect on themselves and strengthen their self-cultivation. These two aspects constitute the main body of Zengzi's thought of ritual learning. Compared with Confucius, Zengzi developed filial piety into the core of rites on the basis of Confucius' emphasis on filial piety, contrasted with Confucius' core of ceremony with benevolence. At the same time, Zengzi further developed Confucius' viewpoint of paying attention to the essence of propriety. Mencius had a profound influence and became an important stage in the development of Confucianism.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K892.9

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