辽代西京地区军事防御体系研究

发布时间：2018-08-15 13:04

【摘要】：辽代西京地区位于辽朝的西部边陲,其中山后地区原属于中原政权所辖,后石敬瑭将幽云十六州献给辽朝。西京道北邻上京道,南与北宋交界,西和西夏相邻,东连接南京道和中京道,是辽境内通往北宋与西夏重要的交通枢纽,具有特殊的军事战略地位。且其辖区内民族成分复杂,也是辽朝民族关系复杂和民族问题突出的地区。西京地区特殊的战略地位,主要指它的军事防御。辽朝在此建立了较为系统和大体完备的军事防御体系。西京地区的军事防御体系主要是由以西南面招讨司为中心的“控夏”防御体系、以大同府为中心南御中原的防御体系以及倒塌岭节度使司构成。三个军事防御系统中倒塌岭节度使司是属西京地区与上京地区的一个缓冲地带,对西南面与西北面地区起到一个协防的作用。西南面招讨司及大同府是西京地区最主要的军事防御体系中心。辽朝统治者在西南面辖境设置边防机构,修建边防军、城,加强朝廷对该地区的统治与对外防御,契丹皇族与贵族掌控军事,辽朝最主要的部族军驻扎在这里,国家提供战马、兵器与舰船,主要在于防御西夏。而在西京的南面地区设置西京诸司,主要是加强各州县的城防,汉军以及两院部族军、宫卫骑军等分布在南面边境地区。此外充足的农牧产品和成熟的兵器制造业为军队提供了军需物资。西京地区的三个军事防御体系都有自己的机构、军队以及军需供应。辽代西京地区军事防御体系的特点主要表现在:城防设施与自然环境相结合;边防机构各司其职又相互配合;各民族互相支持共同防御。西京地区是辽朝防御西夏的第一道屏障,减轻了南京地区对北宋防御的压力,促进了西京地区社会的发展。同时西京地区的军事防御体系与西北路以及南京地区的军事防御体系有一定的联系,共同守卫辽朝的边界安全。
[Abstract]:Xijing area of Liao Dynasty is located in the western border of Liao Dynasty. Xijing Road is adjacent to Shangjing Road to the north, to the North Song Dynasty to the south, to the West Xia to the West, and to Nanjing Road and Zhongjing Road to the east. It is an important transportation hub in Liao Dynasty leading to the Northern Song Dynasty and the Western Xia Dynasty, and has a special military strategic position. Moreover, the ethnic composition in its jurisdiction is complex and the ethnic problems of Liao Dynasty are outstanding. Xijing area special strategic position, mainly refers to its military defense. Liao Dynasty established a relatively systematic and generally complete military defense system. The military defense system in Xijing area is mainly composed of "controlling summer" defense system centered on the southwestern recruiting department, and the defense system of the South Imperial Central Plains with Datong House as the center, as well as the collapse of the ridge. In the three military defense systems, it is a buffer zone between Xijing and Shangjing, which plays an important role in the southwest and northwest regions. Southwestern recruitment and Datong Office is the most important military defense system center in Xijing. The rulers of the Liao Dynasty set up frontier defense agencies in the south-west border, built border guards and cities, strengthened the ruling and external defense of the imperial court over the area, the Qidan royal family and the aristocracy controlled the military, the main tribal troops of the Liao Dynasty were stationed here, and the state provided war horses. Weapons and ships, mainly in defense of the West Xia. In the southern part of Xijing, the main purpose of setting up the Xijing divisions is to strengthen the city defense of the states and counties, the Han and bicameral tribal troops, and the Miyagwei military, and so on, which are distributed in the southern border areas. In addition, sufficient agricultural and livestock products and mature weapons manufacturing provided the army with military supplies. All three military defense systems in Xijing have their own institutions, military and military supplies. The main features of the military defense system in Xijing area in Liao Dynasty are as follows: the combination of city defense facilities and natural environment; the border defense agencies perform their respective duties and cooperate with each other; and the nationalities support each other in common defense. Xijing area was the first barrier against Xixia in Liao Dynasty, which alleviated the pressure on the defense of the Northern Song Dynasty in Nanjing area and promoted the social development of Xijing area. At the same time, the military defense system of Xijing area has certain connection with the military defense system of northwest road and Nanjing area, which jointly guards the border security of Liao Dynasty.
【学位授予单位】：渤海大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K246.1;E291

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