留学生汉语寒暄语语用失误调查研究

发布时间：2018-09-03 10:25

【摘要】：汉语寒暄语是一种不以传递话语信息为主要目的的话语交谈。它的位置灵活,经常出现在正式交际之前,也可以出现在末尾和话语的中间。我们知道中国人十分注重人与人之间的关系,对于中国社会来说,关系无时不在,关系无刻不在。而寒暄语的使用,恰恰起到调剂人际关系的作用,可见寒暄语在汉语交际中具有重要地位。然而对于留学生来说,汉语寒暄语的学习可能没有那么简单。他们在使用寒暄语的过程中常常会出现语用失误,甚至会造成一些不必要的尴尬。本文重点通过调查问卷的方式了解留学生寒暄语的语用失误情况。在对结果统计之后,分析留学生在寒暄语语用失误方面存在的问题及原因,最后为寒暄语教学提供一些建议。本文共分为五个部分:第一部分为绪论,对前人先贤的研究进行了梳理。分别从寒暄语本体研究、寒暄语的语用失误研究以及寒暄语的教学研究三个方面展开。对汉语寒暄语的研究现状、研究成果和研究不足做了一个简单的总结。并阐述了本文的理论基础和创新点。第二部分分别从寒暄语的界定、分类和功能三个角度展开。重点对搜集到的汉语寒暄语进行分类,从语言功能的角度按照出现的频率把寒暄语主要分为招呼语、问候语、迎别语、感谢语和道歉语、恭维语、漫谈语六大类。在人际功能上把寒暄语分为主功能和次功能,主功能是建立、发展和呈现人际关系,实现人际关系的和谐取向。次功能是传达感情、营造交际气氛,为正式交际创造人际条件。第三部分为留学生汉语寒暄语语用失误情况调查研究。首先设计了一套有关汉语寒暄语的调查问卷,然后根据问卷的反馈分析留学生出现语用失误的原因。归纳总结为汉语寒暄语的复杂、母语及母语文化干扰、目的语泛化、留学生的回避策略、“被理解与被包容”、以及教师在寒暄语教学上存在不足六个原因。第四部分为汉语寒暄语的教学建议。主要从三个方面展开:分别是汉语寒暄语的教学原则、教学方法以及教学实例。最后一个部分为总结部分,对全文做了一个总结性评价。
[Abstract]:Chinese greeting is a kind of discourse conversation whose main purpose is not to transmit discourse information. It is flexible in position and often appears before formal communication, but also in the end and in the middle of the discourse. We know that the Chinese people attach great importance to the relationship between people, for Chinese society, the relationship is always and always. However, the use of pleasantries plays a role in regulating interpersonal relations, which shows that they play an important role in Chinese communication. However, for foreign students, the learning of Chinese greetings may not be that simple. They often make pragmatic failures in the process of using pleasantries, and even cause unnecessary embarrassment. This paper focuses on investigating the pragmatic failure of foreign students. After the statistical analysis of the results, this paper analyzes the problems and causes of the pragmatic failure of the foreign students, and finally provides some suggestions for the teaching of pleasantries. This paper is divided into five parts: the first part is an introduction to the previous research of the forefathers. From three aspects: the Noumenon of pleasantries, the study of pragmatic failure and the teaching of pleasantries. This paper makes a brief summary of the research status, research results and deficiencies of Chinese pleasantries. And elaborated the theory foundation and the innovation point of this article. The second part starts from three angles: the definition, classification and function of pleasantries. This paper mainly classifies the collected Chinese greetings into six categories: greeting, thanking and apologizing, compliment, and casual talk according to the frequency of language function. In terms of interpersonal function, pleasantries are divided into main function and secondary function. The main function is to establish, develop and present interpersonal relationship and realize the harmonious orientation of interpersonal relationship. The secondary function is to convey feelings, create a communicative atmosphere, and create interpersonal conditions for formal communication. The third part is the investigation and research on the pragmatic failure of foreign students' Chinese pleasantries. This paper first designs a set of questionnaires about Chinese greetings, and then analyzes the causes of pragmatic failure of foreign students according to the feedback of the questionnaire. It is concluded that there are six reasons for the complexity of Chinese phonetics, the interference of mother tongue and mother tongue culture, the generalization of target language, the avoidance strategy of foreign students, "being understood and contained", and the teachers' deficiency in the teaching of greeting language. The fourth part is the teaching suggestion of Chinese pleasantries. Mainly from three aspects: the teaching principles, teaching methods and teaching examples. The last part is the summary part.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H195.3

【参考文献】