山东方言子尾音变研究

发布时间：2018-11-14 15:39

【摘要】：自20世纪50年代汉语方言普查以来,"子尾"的一些有特色的语音变化得到关注,其中讨论较多的是存在于晋南、豫北地区的子变韵现象。在山东大部分地区的方言里,相当于普通话"子"的词尾表现为一个独立的音节,而读音却有多种类型。但是除淄博部分地区外,其他地区的子尾语音变化并没有得到充分描写和分析,所以有进一步探讨的价值。本文拟运用描写语言学、地理语言学、实验语言学等理论和方法,在实地调查和吸收现有研究成果的基础上,对山东方言变音子尾的类型、分布、音值进行描写,对音变过程进行讨论,对引起音变的原因进行推测和分析。全文共分为四个章节,其中第二章至第四章是主体部分。第一章绪论。主要内容是概述山东方言的分区、语音特点和子尾、子变韵研究成果;介绍本文的研究内容、目的、意义,使用的研究方法和材料来源;对应用的概念和符号进行说明。第二章山东方言子尾音变的类型和地理分布情况。从声母的角度,可以将山东方言音变子尾读音分成塞音型、擦音型、鼻音型、闪音型、零声母型;从韵母角度划分,可以分成前元音、央元音、后元音三大类型。列举代表点,并对不同类型的子尾读音进行描写和说明。绘制方言地图,标明山东方言不同类型变音子尾的分布,从而反映出不同类型子尾在山东地区的分布状况。第三章子尾音变的区域性特点。本章节有三部分内容,将分别探讨西齐片、西鲁片、东莱片三个片区变音子尾的特点,将不同类型的子尾发音特点进行详细说明;展示不同类型子尾词的宽带语图,找出它们之间的差别,细化子缀的分类。第四章关于音变子尾性质的探讨。运用语音实验的方法,通过计算子尾时长占子尾词音节总时长的比例判断子尾的弱化程度;通过观察不同韵母的单字、子尾词前行音节、子尾共振峰值来判断语缀和前行音节韵母之间的关系;分析各片区内部子尾音变的异同,重点讨论一下博山型子尾词的性质。
[Abstract]:Since the general survey of Chinese dialects in the 1950s, attention has been paid to some distinctive phonetic changes in "Ziwei", among which the phenomenon of sub-rhyme variation in southern Shanxi and northern Henan has been discussed. In most of Shandong dialect, the end of the word equivalent to Putonghua "Zi" is an independent syllable, but there are many types of pronunciation. However, except in some areas of Zibo, the changes of subtail phonetic changes in other areas have not been fully described and analyzed, so it is of value to further study. On the basis of field investigation and absorption of existing research results, this paper intends to describe the types, distribution and phonetic values of the phonetic tail of Shandong dialect by using the theories and methods of descriptive linguistics, geographical linguistics, experimental linguistics, and so on. The process of sound change is discussed, and the causes of sound change are speculated and analyzed. The full text is divided into four chapters, the second chapter to the fourth chapter is the main part. The first chapter is introduction. The main content is an overview of the division of Shandong dialect, phonetic characteristics and sub-end, sub-rhyme research results; introduce the research content, purpose, significance, research methods and material sources; explain the concepts and symbols of application. The second chapter is about the type and geographical distribution of subtone change in Shandong dialect. From the angle of consonant, the final pronunciation of the phonetic mutants of Shandong dialect can be divided into three types: stop-type, grabbing type, nasal type, flash type, zero-initial-type, and from the vowel angle, it can be divided into three types: the front vowel, the central vowel and the posterior vowel. Enumerate representative points and describe different types of sub-tail pronunciation. The map of dialect is drawn to show the distribution of different types of subtails in Shandong dialect, so as to reflect the distribution of different types of subtails in Shandong. The third chapter is about the regional characteristics of the change of the final tone. This chapter has three parts, which will discuss the characteristics of the three regions of Xizi film, Xilu film and Donglai film respectively, and explain the different types of sub-tail pronunciation characteristics in detail. Show the wideband images of different types of subsuffixes, find out the differences between them, and refine the classification of subaffixes. Chapter four discusses the properties of phonetic mutants. By using the method of phonetic experiment, the weakening degree of subtail is judged by calculating the proportion of subtail duration to the total syllable length of subtail word. The relationship between affix and vowel is judged by observing the single word of different vowels, the vowels of sub-ending words, the peak of sub-tail resonance, and the similarities and differences of the changes of subtail sounds in each region, and the properties of Boshan subsyllable vowels are discussed emphatically.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H172.1

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