现代汉泰语动量词对比研究

发布时间：2019-01-10 15:28

【摘要】：与名量词相比,目前动量词的相关研究比较少。汉语和泰语都属于孤立性语言,两种语言在各个方面既有共性,又有不同,它们动量词也不例外。本文采用对比分析法对汉语和泰语动量词进行比较,描写与解释汉泰语动量词的分类、语义特征、与其他成分组合的规则以及动量短语的语法功能。本文的主要内容有以下方面:(1)通过从动态和静态相结合的角度对汉语和泰语动量词进行分类和比较,笔者得出如下结论:汉泰语动量词都能分为专用动量词和借用动量词两大类,但是二者依然存在着一些差异:泰语动量词有借自象声词动量词,而汉语没有。此外,在二者动量词总数也是不同的。(2)在分类的基础上,本文以语义特征分析理论为指导,提取汉语和泰语的语义特征,且将二者进行比较,得出结论:汉语和泰语借用动量词语义特征的差异比较大。(3)在汉语和泰语动量词的语义特征的基础上,根据"语义句法双向选择性"分析解释汉泰语动量词与动词、数词组合的规则,并且将汉语和泰语动量词与其他成分的组合规则进行对比,得出结论:汉语和泰语专用动量词和动词、数词组合的规则相似,而汉泰语借用动量词则相反。(4)将汉语和泰语动量短语的语法功能进行对比,解释与描述动量短语的语法功能的相同点与不同点。本研究对语言本体研究、跨语言研究以及语言应用都有意义。此外,通过对汉泰语动量词以及动量短语的对比分析,能够使泰国汉语教学进一步全面认识汉语和泰语的动量词的联系与差别,有助于泰国汉语教学。
[Abstract]:Compared with nominal quantifiers, there are few researches on momentum words at present. Both Chinese and Thai belong to isolated languages, both of which have similarities and differences in various aspects, and their momentum words are no exception. In this paper, the contrastive analysis is used to compare Chinese and Thai verb quantifiers, to describe and explain the classification, semantic features, combination rules with other components and the grammatical functions of momentum phrases in Chinese and Thai. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) classifying and comparing Chinese and Thai verb-classifiers from the angle of dynamic and static. The author draws the following conclusions: the momentum words in Chinese and Thai can be divided into two categories: special momentum words and borrowed quantifiers, but there are still some differences between them: the momentum words in Thai are borrowed from onomatopoeia, but not in Chinese. In addition, the total number of variable quantifiers is different. (2) on the basis of classification, this paper extracts the semantic features of Chinese and Thai under the guidance of semantic feature analysis theory, and compares them. It is concluded that there is a great difference between Chinese and Thai in the semantic features of momentum words. (3) on the basis of the semantic features of Chinese and Thai momentum words, the Chinese and Thai verb quantifiers and verbs are interpreted according to the "semantic syntax bidirectional selectivity". The rules of numerals combination and the combination rules of Chinese and Thai verb quantifiers are compared with those of other components. It is concluded that the combination rules of Chinese and Thai specific momentum words and verbs, numerals and numerals are similar. On the other hand, Chinese and Thai borrowed variable quantifiers on the contrary. (4) the grammatical functions of momentum phrases in Chinese and Thai are compared to explain and describe the similarities and differences between the grammatical functions of momentum phrases. This study is meaningful to the study of language ontology, cross-language research and language application. In addition, through the contrastive analysis of Chinese and Thai verb quantifiers and momentum phrases, it is possible to further understand the relationship and difference between Chinese and Thai momentum words in Thai Chinese teaching, which is helpful to Thai Chinese teaching.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H195

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