八旋翼电动植保无人机的研制与试验分析

发布时间：2018-04-08 13:35

本文选题：植保无人机　切入点：八旋翼　出处：《吉林农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：将无人机与农药喷洒技术有效的结合,应用无人机进行农药喷洒作业是一种新型的农药喷洒方式。植保无人机喷洒农药技术具有安全、高效和雾化效果更好等诸多优点,现在已然成为现代农机行业中的一颗闪亮新星。通过对吉林省农作物生长情况和现有的大型植保机械的调查研究,应用相关机械理论、航空技术以及相关植保技术,参照成型的植保无人机机型,研制出一款八旋翼电动植保无人机,以实现快速、精准施药,并填补省内该领域某些空白。本文主要研究内容与结论如下:1.按照技术要求,成功研制出八旋翼电动植保无人机。主要内容包括整机结构设计、最大起飞重量的估计以及动力系统、遥控飞行控制系统、机身主体和农药喷洒控制系统等部件的设计及安装。2.理论计算与试验验证了八旋翼电动植保无人机性能参数。计算出满载理论飞行时间为6.17分钟,通过对其进行试飞试验,验证其单次飞行时间达到8分钟。确定其相关技术参数包括:有效载荷:10Kg,飞行速度:0~10m/s,飞行高度:0~100m,幅宽:2~3m,喷洒流量:1L/min,可实现定速、定向飞行,最大防治效率:1亩/min,抗风能力:4级。其最佳作业参数为飞行速度5m/s,距离作物顶端高度为2m;风力3级以下作业最佳。3.研制的八旋翼植保无人机与其它无人机性能比较,机身结构更加紧凑,整机采用模块化设计理论,更换零部件方便快捷;利用经纬仪协助定位技术,大幅提高GPS定位精度,可以形成局部区域高精度作业以满足农业生产需要;无人机作业的控制半径能达到1000m。4.将八旋翼电动植保无人机进行水稻大田喷洒试验。通过对其结果研究分析,进一步优化其最佳作业参数。在10倍显微镜下观察水稻叶片表面雾滴附着情况。雾滴在水稻叶片表面的附着效果主要有四种,分别是刺破、小粒、铺展和破碎。其中刺破形态所占比重约为66.72%,其他三种形态所占比重约为33.28%。说明毛刺结构是雾滴能在水稻叶片表面附着的主要原因。
[Abstract]:It is a new type of pesticide spraying method to combine UAV and pesticide spraying technology effectively.Through the investigation and research on crop growth and existing large-scale plant protection machinery in Jilin Province, applying relevant mechanical theory, aeronautical technology and related plant protection technology, referring to the shaped plant protection UAV model,An eight-rotor electric plant protection UAV is developed to achieve rapid and accurate application of insecticides and to fill some gaps in the province.The main contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows: 1.According to the technical requirements, the eight-rotor electric plant protection UAV has been successfully developed.The main contents include the structural design of the whole machine, the estimation of the maximum take-off weight and the design and installation of the power system, the remote control system, the fuselage body and the pesticide spraying control system.The theoretical calculation and test verify the performance parameters of the eight rotor electric plant protection UAV.The theoretical flight time of full load is 6.17 minutes. Through the flight test, it is verified that the flight time of one flight is up to 8 minutes.The relevant technical parameters are determined as follows: payload: 10 kg, flying speed: 10 m / s, flying altitude: 0 ~ 100 m, width: 2 ~ 3 m, spraying flow rate: 1 L / min, can achieve fixed speed, directional flight, maximum control efficiency: 1 mu / min, wind-resistant ability: grade 4.The optimal operating parameters are flight speed of 5 m / s and height of 2 m from the top of the crop.Compared with other UAVs, the developed eight-rotor plant protection UAV has a more compact fuselage structure. The whole aircraft adopts modular design theory, which makes the replacement of components convenient and quick. The GPS positioning accuracy is greatly improved by using theodolite to assist with positioning technology.Local high precision operation can be formed to meet the needs of agricultural production, and the control radius of UAV operation can reach 1000m.4.The eight rotor electric plant protection UAV was sprayed on rice field.Through the research and analysis of the results, the optimal operating parameters are further optimized.The adhesion of fog droplets on the surface of rice leaves was observed under 10 times microscope.There are four main adhesion effects of fog droplets on the surface of rice leaves, namely punctures, small grains, spreading and crushing.The proportion of punctured form is about 66.72 and the proportion of the other three forms is about 33.28.The results showed that the burr structure was the main reason for the surface attachment of droplets on the surface of rice leaves.
【学位授予单位】：吉林农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S252.3

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