顺昌县人工林近自然度评价与经营保护策略

发布时间：2018-04-08 14:26

本文选题：人工林　切入点：近自然度　出处：《福建农林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近自然森林经营作为森林可持续经营的经营手段之一,以模仿自然、接近自然的方式进行森林经营,确保了森林具有的多功能性和可持续性。对人工林进行近自然度评价,能够以一种较为客观的态度评估人工林目前的经营状况,结合评价结果,探寻更为科学有效的人工林经营方式,为人工林经营提供理论依据。本文以顺昌县人工林为研究对象,以1996年和2006年两期顺昌县森林资源二类调查数据为依据,选取对顺昌县人工林近自然度有较大影响的因素作为评价指标构建顺昌县人工林近自然度评价指标体系,并结合森林资源二类调查数据的统计结果对顺昌县人工林近自然度进行评价,主要研究结果如下:(1)以森林资源二类调查数据为基础,从反映群落结构、群落活力和干扰程度3个方面出发,选取林分郁闭度、物种多样性、林种类型、树种结构、林分龄组、土壤肥力、每亩蓄积、病害危害程度、虫害危害程度、采伐林木比例和人为火灾面积11个指标构建评价体系来评价顺昌县人工林近自然度。(2)采用层次分析法和专家咨询法确定所构建体系的权重值,运用等间距法划分人工林近自然度评价等级,将筛选出的11个指标分为定性指标和定量指标两类,并对每个指标进行量化。最后,结合所构建的评价模型确定顺昌县人工林近自然度等级。(3)顺昌县人工林近自然度评价结果表明:顺昌县1996年的人工林近自然度值为0.566,2006年的近自然度值为0.591,两个年度均属于远自然群落。从群落结构上看,1996年和2006年顺昌县人工林近自然度值分别为0.444和0.436,均处于远自然状态。从群落活力上看,1996年顺昌县人工林近自然度值为0.534,属于远自然状态,2006年为0.605,达到半自然状态。从干扰程度上看,1996年和2006年近自然度值分别为0.962和0.971,均属于近自然状态。(4)根据评价结果,结合顺昌县当前人工林经营状况提出适合顺昌县人工林近自然度经营的技术措施,给顺昌县人工林可持续经营提供理论基础。
[Abstract]:As one of the management methods of forest sustainable management, near-natural forest management can ensure the multifunctional and sustainable forest management by imitating nature and approaching nature.The near natural degree evaluation of artificial forest can evaluate the current management situation of plantation with a more objective attitude, combining with the evaluation result, to explore a more scientific and effective plantation management mode, and to provide a theoretical basis for plantation management.In this paper, the artificial forest in Shunchang County is taken as the research object, and the data of the second type of forest resources survey in Shunchang County in 1996 and 2006 are taken as the basis.The factors which have great influence on the near naturalness of the plantations in Shunchang County are selected as the evaluation indexes to construct the evaluation index system of the near naturalness of the plantations in Shunchang County.Combined with the statistical results of the second type forest resources survey data, the near natural degree of the plantations in Shunchang County was evaluated. The main results were as follows: 1) based on the forest resources survey data, the community structure was reflected.Three aspects of community vigor and disturbance degree were selected, such as canopy density, species diversity, forest species type, tree species structure, stand age group, soil fertility, accumulation per mu, degree of disease damage, degree of pest damage.In order to evaluate the near naturalness of the plantations in Shunchang County, the weight of the system was determined by the analytic hierarchy process and the expert consultation method.The evaluation grade of near-naturalness of artificial forest was classified by equal distance method, 11 indexes were divided into qualitative index and quantitative index, and each index was quantified.Finally,According to the evaluation model, the near naturality degree of the plantations in Shunchang County is determined. 3) the results show that the near naturality degree of the plantations in Shunchang County is 0.566 in 1996 and 0.591in 2006.The degree belongs to the distant natural community.In terms of community structure, the near naturalness of the plantations in Shunchang County in 1996 and 2006 were 0.444 and 0.436, respectively, which were both in the distant nature state.In terms of community vigor, the near natural degree of the plantations in Shunchang County in 1996 was 0.534, belonging to the distant natural state, and in 2006 it was 0.605, which reached the semi-natural state.From the point of view of disturbance degree, the near natural degree values of 1996 and 2006 are 0.962 and 0.971respectively, which belong to the near natural state. According to the evaluation results, combined with the current management situation of artificial forest in Shunchang County, the technical measures suitable for the near naturality management of the plantations in Shunchang County are put forward.It provides a theoretical basis for sustainable management of artificial forest in Shunchang County.
【学位授予单位】：福建农林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S757

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