三七收获机的设计与试验研究

发布时间：2018-04-12 20:54

本文选题：根茎类中药材 + 三七　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：三七(Panax notoginseng(Burk.)F.H.chen)是药食同源的中国名贵中草药,是中国西南地区特有中草药,在云南中药材产量中占主导地位。随着国家及地方政府对生物医药和大健康产业的高度重视,云南三七种植面积逐年增加,因此,三七收获成为种植三七农民及企业迫在眉睫的问题。目前市场上还没有三七收获机的应用,只有昆明理工大学现代农业工程学院张兆国教授团队开展相关研究,已经研制出两款样机。实现三七机械化收获不但降低种植三七成本,同时可以提高生产效率,为三七产业化发展奠定良好基础,因此本文开展三七机械化收获研究具有重要意义。本论文依托云南省重点新产品开发项目“三七生产机械化关键装备研究开发”展开课题研究,主要研究内容、方法、结论概括如下:(1)通过对云南省石林、弥勒、曲靖、文山各个地区的三七种植基地实地调研,对不同地区的三七农艺要求与土壤基本特性进行深入研究,确定了三七收获机基本收获农艺要求,根据农艺要求确定研究的基本理论,为进一步三七收获机研制提供依据。(2)根据三七农艺要求研制一种满足特殊农艺要求的三七收获机。基于前两代样机,对收获机挖掘铲进行理论分析,得出平面铲铲刃夹角为90°、铲长为335mm;同时对升运振动系统分析得出升运筛收获倾角为25°,振动频率为1.9～2.4 Hz,以及二次抖动分离系统台架试验进行理论研究。(3)通过Pro/E建立平面挖掘铲、双翼型深松铲、挖掘系统实体模型。使用ANSYS有限元仿真软件进行挖掘铲及挖掘系统应力、应变及变形理论研究,通过第一次田间试验后进行改进挖掘系统达到三七收获机应用要求。同时应用Pro/E软件建立收获机三维装配实体模型,并用ADAMS-view对台架进行运动学与动力学仿真,获得台架试验抖动筛运动质点的位移、速度、加速度等仿真变化图。(4)样机制作后进行田间试验。以挖掘深度与升运速度为试验因素得到三七收获机收净率最小值为88.54%,平均值为91.28%,以挖掘深度与前进速度为试验因素得出收获三七的损伤率最大值为4.5%,平均值为2.59%。(5)基于田间收获后残余少量土壤的三七进行二次抖动分离台架试验。针对筛分率进行台架试验,选择曲柄转速、筛面倾角、摇杆长度为试验因素进行三因素三水平正交组合试验,得出各因素对筛分率影响显著顺序为曲柄转速、摇杆长度、筛面倾角。利用软件分析出当曲柄转速222.32r/min、摇杆长度140.16mm、筛面倾角7.8°时为最优参数组合,并经过试验验证得出筛净率平均值为93.52%满足设计的工作要求。
[Abstract]:Panax notoginsengg Burk.F.H.chen. is a rare Chinese herbal medicine with the same origin of medicine and food. Panax notoginsengensis is a unique Chinese herbal medicine in southwestern China and dominates the production of Chinese medicinal materials in Yunnan.With the national and local governments attach great importance to biomedicine and big health industry, the planting area of Panax notoginseng in Yunnan is increasing year by year. Therefore, the harvest of Panax notoginseng has become an urgent problem for farmers and enterprises to plant Panax notoginseng.At present, there is no application of Panax Notoginseng harvester in the market. Only Professor Zhang Zhaoguo, Professor Zhang Zhaoguo, School of Modern Agricultural Engineering, Kunming University of Technology, has developed two prototypes.The realization of Panax notoginseng mechanized harvest not only reduces the cost of planting Panax notoginseng, but also improves the production efficiency and lays a good foundation for the industrialization development of Panax notoginseng.According to the requirements of panax notoginseng agronomic requirements, a kind of Panax notoginseng harvester was developed to meet the special agronomic requirements.Based on the prototype of the previous two generations, the theoretical analysis of the scoop of the harvester is carried out.The angle between the edge of the flat shovel is 90 掳, the shovel length is 335mm, and the angle of gain is 25 掳, the vibration frequency is 1.9U 2.4 Hz, and the secondary jitter separation system bench test is carried out, and the plane excavating shovel is established by Pro/E.Double wing deep loosening shovel, excavating system entity model.The theory of stress, strain and deformation of excavating shovel and excavating system was studied by using ANSYS finite element simulation software. The improved excavation system was improved after the first field experiment to meet the application requirements of Panax notoginseng harvester.At the same time, the three-dimensional assembly entity model of the harvester is established by using Pro/E software, and the kinematics and dynamics of the platform are simulated by ADAMS-view, and the displacement and velocity of the moving particle of the shaking screen in the bench test are obtained.Acceleration and other simulation change diagram. 4) the field experiment was carried out after the prototype was made.The minimum recovery rate of Panax notoginseng harvester was 88.54, the average value was 91.28, the maximum damage rate of Panax notoginseng was 4.5and the average value was 2.59.The secondary jitter separation test of Panax notoginseng was carried out based on a small amount of residual soil after harvest in the field.According to the bench test of screening rate, three factors and three levels orthogonal combination test were carried out, which included crank rotation speed, screen face inclination angle and rocker length. The results showed that the order of influence on screening rate was crank speed, rocker length, and so on.Screen inclination.The optimum parameters are obtained when the crank rotation speed is 222.32 r / min, the rocker length is 140.16mm, the sieve angle is 7.8 掳, and the average value of the screen net rate is 93.52%, which meets the working requirements of the design.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S225

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