小麦骨干亲本周8425B穗部性状及株高的QTL定位

发布时间：2018-04-23 10:15

本文选题：小麦 + 周8425B　；参考：《西北农林科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：周8425B具有矮秆、高产、抗病等优点,是我国最重要的骨干种质之一。本研究以周8425B/小偃81创建的第八代RIL群体为试验材料,利用Illumina公司研发的90k基因芯片进行了全基因组扫描后,筛选出亲本差异标记,使用基于最大似然估计算法的CarthaGene软件构建遗传连锁图谱。使用IciMapping软件进行多环境QTL定位。以期为小麦穗部性状及株高的精细定位及基因克隆提供参考。1.使用90k芯片对群体进行检测,发现亲本多态性标记11037个,控制缺失率并且去除不连锁标记后共9290个标记用于遗传图谱的构建。共分成63个连锁群,分布在小麦21条染色体上,遗传连锁图谱总长3894.64 cM,平均密度0.42 cM。2.在三个不同环境及平均环境中共定位到77个QTL。分布在19条染色体上,包括影响穗长性状的 QTL 18 个(PVE:4.03%-29.05%),小穗数 12 个(PVE:3.48%-15.86%),不育小穗数 14 个(PVE:3.01%-25.05%),穗粒数 11 个(PVE:2.10%-45.25%),千粒重16 个(PVE:4.79%-20.77%)和株高位点 6 个(PVE:3.95%-16.25%)。14 个 QTL 可在 2个或多个不同环境中被定位到。13个QTL包含在前人定位的区间内或与之相近。39个位点变异解释率(PVE)大于10%,为主效QTL。3.一些相关性较高的性状的QTL经常被发现存在于相近的染色体区域,本研究发现在4A、6A和7B上存在QTL富集现象。在4A染色体上聚集了影响穗长、不育小穗数和穗粒数的数量性状位点。在6A上发现了穗长、小穗数、不育小穗数、穗粒数和千粒重的QTL;7B上定位到了控制穗长、小穗数和千粒重的QTL,这几个位点几乎存在于同一位置,可能为同一位点控制多个表型性状。4.QSl.nafu-6A.2(穗长)、QSl.nafu-7A(穗长)、QSsn.nafu-2A.1(不育小穗数)、QSsn.nafu-2D(不育小穗数)和QGns.nafu-2B(穗粒数)可以在多个环境下检测出来,并且具有较高的LOD值(10)和PVE值(20%),这些位点的遗传贡献率较大,主要控制小麦穗部的生长发育。
[Abstract]:Zhou8425B is one of the most important germplasm in China because of its advantages of dwarf, high yield and disease resistance. In this study, the eighth generation of RIL population created by Zhou 8425B/ Xiaoyan 81 was used as the experimental material. The 90k gene chip developed by Illumina Company was used to scan the whole genome, and the parental differential markers were screened. Genetic linkage map is constructed by using CarthaGene software based on maximum likelihood estimation algorithm. Use IciMapping software for multi-environment QTL positioning. So as to provide reference for fine mapping and gene cloning of ear characters and plant height of wheat. A total of 9290 markers were used to construct genetic map after the deletion rate was controlled and the unlinked markers were removed by using 90k microarray to detect the population, and found that 11037 polymorphism markers of parents were used to construct the genetic map. It was divided into 63 linkage groups and distributed on 21 chromosomes of wheat. The total length of the linkage map was 3894.64 cm and the average density was 0.42 cM.2. A total of 77 QTLs were located in three different and average environments. On 19 chromosomes, Including 18 PVE: 4.03-29.05, 12 spikelets, 14 sterile spikelets, 14 sterile spikelets, 11 grains per ear, 2.10 to 45.2525, 16 thousand grain weight, 16 PVE: 4.79 -20.77) and 6 PVE: 3.95-16.2525 QTL, 14 QTL can be determined in two or more different environments. The interpretation rate of variation of 39 loci was greater than 100.The main effect was QTL.3. Some highly correlated traits of QTL were often found in similar chromosomal regions. In this study, QTL enrichment was found on 4AX6A and 7B. The quantitative trait loci affecting ear length, number of sterile spikelets and spikelets per spike were gathered on chromosome 4A. It was found that the QTLL7B with spikelet length, spikelet number, sterile spikelet number, spikelet number and 1000-grain weight were located on QTL7B with controlled panicle length, spikelet number and 1000-grain weight. Multiple phenotypic traits. 4.QSl.nafu-6A.2 (QSl.nafu-7A) (QSsn.nafu-2A.1) (sterile spikelet number / nafu-2Dsterile spikelet number) and QGns.nafu-2B (grain number per spike) could be detected in multiple environments. And it has higher LOD value (10) and PVE value (20%). The genetic contribution rate of these loci is large, which mainly controls the growth and development of the ear part of the wheat.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S512.1

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