马铃薯种质资源的疮痂病抗性鉴定及其抗源的遗传多样性分析

发布时间：2018-04-23 11:10

本文选题：马铃薯 + 疮痂病　；参考：《黑龙江八一农垦大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：马铃薯疮痂病(Potato Scab)是由放线菌科链霉菌引起的一种土传病害,目前在我国发生普遍,不仅发病严重程度呈逐年上涨的趋势,且尚未有有效的化学防治方法,而培育抗疮痂病的马铃薯品种是彻底解决这一问题的最经济有效的途径之一。抗病育种的首要任务是筛选抗疮痂病的种质资源。同时对抗性资源间的亲缘关系加以分析,为抗疮痂病育种中的杂交组合选配提供理论依据。本研究通过盆栽接种试验,接种疮痂病致病性病原菌S.scabies,对108份马铃薯种质资源进行抗性评价,筛选抗病资源,同时利用SSR分子标记技术分析抗性资源间的亲缘关系,为马铃薯抗疮痂病育种工作提供理论依据。主要研究结果如下:(1)鉴定出马铃薯疮痂病高抗资源9份:Marispeer,-2、L08104-12、铃田红美、898006、S、CEG-69.1、88-1-19、R1R2、MEX 750847;马铃薯疮痂病中抗资源11份:垦薯1号、陇薯14号、冀张薯8号、2070(50)、958、393234.2(sh5)、84115 Mariseer、AGB-69-1、REICHE、集农958、130,高抗资源和中抗资源统称抗病资源。(2)从20对SSR引物中筛选出多态性好、目的条带清晰的引物9对,并筛选出这9对引物相应的最适PCR反应条件及聚丙烯酰胺凝胶浓度。(3)利用9对SSR引物对抗疮痂病种质资源进行亲缘关系分析,共扩增出167个多态性条带,多态性条带百分率达到94.3%。扩增片段在100 bp~2 000 bp。遗传相似性系数的变幅为0.5210~0.7904,平均0.6946。经聚类分析,在遗传相似性系数0.6300处,将供试资源分为3类,从分子水平上揭示了各抗性资源间的亲缘关系。其中马铃薯品种铃田红美和马铃薯品系958的遗传相似性系数最高,亲缘关系相对较近;马铃薯品系R1R2和马铃薯品系393234.2(sh5)遗传相似性系数最低,亲缘关系相对较远。
[Abstract]:Potato scab is a soil-borne disease caused by Streptomyces actinomycetes. At present, it is common in China. Not only the severity of potato scab is increasing year by year, but also there is no effective chemical control method. The cultivation of potato varieties resistant to scab is one of the most economical and effective ways to solve this problem. The primary task of disease resistance breeding is to screen germplasm resources resistant to scab. At the same time, the genetic relationship between resistant resources was analyzed to provide theoretical basis for cross combination selection in callus resistance breeding. In this study, the resistance of 108 potato germplasm resources was evaluated by inoculating S. scabies, a pathogen of scab disease, and the genetic relationship between resistant resources was analyzed by SSR molecular marker technique. To provide theoretical basis for potato breeding for resistance to scab. The main results are as follows: (1) 9 strains of high resistance to potato scab were identified as follows: 1: Marispeer-2Con L08104-12, 88-1-19R1R2MEX 750847, and 11 resistant resources of potato scab were: Kensu 1, Longshu 14, and R1R2MEX 750847. Jizhangshu No. 8, No. 2070, No. 50, No. 998, No. 393234.2H5, Mariseern AGB-69-1, Jimong 958130, Genong 958130, selected polymorphism from 20 pairs of SSR primers, and 9 pairs of primers with clear bands. The optimal PCR reaction conditions of 9 pairs of primers and the concentration of polyacrylamide gel were screened. The genetic relationship of 9 pairs of SSR primers against scab was analyzed. 167 polymorphic bands were amplified. The percentage of polymorphic bands was 94. 3%. The amplified fragment was 100 bp~2, 000 BP. The variation of genetic similarity coefficient was 0.5210 0. 7904, with an average of 0. 6946. By cluster analysis, the tested resources were divided into three groups at the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.6300, and the genetic relationships among the resistant resources were revealed at the molecular level. The genetic similarity coefficient of potato cultivar Lingtian Hongmei and potato strain 958 was the highest and the genetic relationship was relatively close, while the genetic similarity coefficient of potato line R1R2 and potato strain 393234.2 was the lowest and the genetic relationship was relatively far away.
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江八一农垦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S435.32

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