矿物质微量元素营养舔砖对奶牛生产性能及健康的影响

发布时间：2018-04-25 17:27

本文选题：奶牛 + 舔砖　；参考：《内蒙古农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本论文旨在研究矿物质微量元素营养舔砖对奶牛生产性能和健康的影响。试验选取年龄、胎次、产奶量和泌乳期相近的健康荷斯坦奶牛500头,随机分为两组,每组250头,并从两组中各选取产奶量、泌乳期一致的5头奶牛作为采样对象。在正常牧场生产管理条件下,试验组补饲矿物质微量元素营养舔砖,对照组补饲普通舔砖,试验持续105 d,其中预饲期15 d和正式试验期90 d,预饲期和试验期的日常管理一致。自正式试验期第0 d开始每隔30 d采集一次日粮样品,用于饲料常规营养成分检测;每隔15d采集一次血液样品,用于测定血液中的相关的常量和微量元素、免疫、抗氧化及激素指标;每天早中晚分别采集两组奶牛的混合奶样,将早中晚采集的奶样按照3:3:4比例均匀混合后用于测定乳成分;每天记录两舍奶牛的产奶、采食、配种、流产、患病和病牛治愈等信息。结果表明:(1)奶牛补饲矿物质微量元素营养舔砖后提高了其乳中的乳蛋白、乳脂、固形物的含量(P0.01),减少了体细胞数的数量(P0.01),但对其产奶量和DMI没有影响(P0.05)。(2)试验组奶牛血清中CAT活性极显著高于对照组(P0.01),GSH-PX、SOD活性显著高于对照组(P0.05),MDA含量显著低于对照组(P0.05),T-AOC无显著变化(P0.05)。(3)试验组奶牛血清中ALB、IgG含量极显著高于对照组(P0.01),TP、T4含量显著高于对照组(P0.05),但对ALB/GLB、IL-6、UREA、T3无显著影响(P0.05)。(4)试验组血清中Ca、Co含量极显著高于对照组(P0.01),P、Mg、Fe、Mn、Zn、Se、I都显著高于对照组(P0.05)。(5)矿物质微量元素繁殖方面营养舔砖仅对配种次数有积极影响(P0.05),而对流产率、配种率并没有显著影响(P0.05)。(6)补饲矿物质微量元素营养舔砖增强了奶牛的抗病能力及病后恢复能力,对奶牛的健康情况有所改善(P0.05)。根据本试验的结果可知,补饲矿物质微量元素营养舔砖可以提高奶牛乳品质,增强奶牛抗病和患病后的恢复能力,并能改善奶牛的繁殖性能。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of mineral trace element nutrition licking brick on production performance and health of dairy cows. 500 healthy Holstein cows with similar age, birth number, milk yield and lactation period were randomly divided into two groups, 250 in each group, and 5 dairy cows with the same lactation period and milk yield were selected from the two groups. Under the condition of normal pasture production and management, the test group was supplemented with mineral and trace elements nutrition licking brick, and the control group with ordinary licking brick. The experiment lasted 105 days. The pre-feeding period was 15 days and the formal test period was 90 days. The daily management of the pre-feeding period was the same as that of the experimental period. Dietary samples were collected every 30 days from the first day of the formal trial period, and blood samples were collected every 15 days for the determination of the relative constants and trace elements in the blood. Antioxidant and hormone indexes: the milk samples of the two groups were collected in the morning and the middle evening respectively, and the milk samples collected from the morning, the middle and the evening were mixed evenly according to the 3:3:4 proportion for the determination of milk composition; the milk production, feeding, breeding and abortion of the cows were recorded every day. Information such as illness and cure of sick cattle. The results showed that the milk protein and fat of dairy cow were increased after feeding mineral trace element nutrition and licking bricks. The content of solid substance (P0.01C) decreased the number of somatic cells (P0.01N), but had no effect on milk yield and DMI.) the activity of CAT in serum of the test group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P 0.01) GSH-PXO SOD activity was significantly higher than that of the control group (P 0.05) MDA content was significantly lower than that of the control group. There was no significant change in T-AOC in the test group. (P0.05. 3) the level of serum ALBN IgG in the test group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P 0.01) and TPN T4 in the control group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P 0.05), but there was no significant effect on ALB / GLB, IL-6 and UREAA T 3 (P 0.05. 4) in the test group, the content of CaO Co in serum was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.01). In the reproduction of mineral trace elements, the nutritional licking brick only had a positive effect on the number of breeding, but had a positive effect on the abortion rate. The rate of breeding did not significantly affect the feeding of mineral trace element nutrition licking brick to enhance the disease resistance and recovery ability of dairy cows, and to improve the health of dairy cows P0.05. According to the results of this experiment, supplementation of mineral and trace elements nutrition licking brick can improve milk quality, enhance the recovery ability of dairy cows after disease and disease, and improve the reproductive performance of cows.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S823.5

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