收获高留茬稻麦站秆的圆捆机切割装置设计与试验

发布时间：2018-04-26 18:46

本文选题：圆草捆打捆机 + 切割器　；参考：《江苏大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文针对高留茬稻麦站秆收获打捆问题,提出了在圆捆机捡拾器前方配置切割器进行切割-捡拾联合作业方案,基于对转双圆盘刀切割原理设计了链锯式和联组正反转圆盘刀式切割器及其液压驱动系统和挂接机构,并对链锯式和联组正反转圆盘刀式切割器进行切割速度、切割图等分析以及刀片的有限元分析,开展切割站秆试验。本文的主要研究工作如下:(1)基于对转双圆盘刀切割原理的链锯式和联组正反转圆盘刀式切割器设计:结合圆捆机捡拾器的结构参数和稻麦站秆的特性以及切割要求,得到了两种切割器的主要结构参数和切割运动参数。利用机构学理论和创新设计的方法,基于SolidWorks分别对链锯式切割装置和联组正反转圆盘刀式切割装置进行模型建立。(2)切割装置的液压驱动系统和挂接机构设计:根据联组正反转圆盘刀式切割器的工作要求和液压基本回路的功能,设计了切割装置的液压驱动系统,通过理论计算,确定了液压马达的转速、排量以及液压系统总流量、液压阀的型号等。基于四杆机构原理,设计了将联组正反转圆盘刀式切割器与圆捆机捡拾器连接的挂接机构,通过控制电动缸推杆伸缩和横拉杆的辅助支撑,实现了对切割器位置和姿态的调节。(3)切割器的切割速度和切割图分析以及刀片的有限元分析:根据切割器线速度工作要求,确定了链刀和圆盘刀的结构参数。通过切割图分析了链锯式和圆盘刀式切割器的结构参数与运动参数对漏割、重割的影响。利用Ansys软件对链刀进行静力学分析,得到了切割过程中链刀的应力、应变以及位移情况,为链刀结构参数优化与加工工艺选择提供指导。利用Ansys软件对圆盘刀进行模态分析,得到圆盘刀前6阶的固有频率和主振型,为避免圆盘刀发生共振的转速确定提供参考。(4)切割站秆试验:1)利用设计的链锯式切割装置,对杂草站秆的切割试验表明:当链刀线速度达到5 m/s以上时,可以对粗茎硬质站秆进行有效切割,但是对细径软质的切割站秆效果不理想。链刀线速度增大到10 m/s,可切割粗茎硬质和细径软质站秆,但链刀式切割器出现卡链、跳链以及链条和导板磨损严重的问题,不宜应用于站秆收获。2)联组正反转圆盘刀式切割器的切割站秆试验表明:当刀盘转速为1600~1700 r/min,机器前进速度0.2~0.3 m/s时,圆盘刀刀尖线速度21.4~22.7 m/s,漏割率在8.4~8.7%之间,切割器功耗在3.01~3.43 Kw之间,适宜稻麦站秆和杂草切割,最优试验组合是刀盘转速为1600 r/min,机器前进速度0.2 m/s。
[Abstract]:In this paper, aiming at the problem of culm harvesting and bundling in high stubble rice and wheat station, a scheme of cutting and picking joint operation with cutter in front of the picker of circular baler is put forward. Based on the cutting principle of double circular disc knife, the chain saw and joint positive and reverse circular disc cutter are designed, and the hydraulic driving system and the hanging mechanism are designed. The cutting speed of chain saw and joint forward and reverse rotating circular disc cutter is also studied. Cutting diagram analysis and blade finite element analysis, cutting station culm test. The main research work of this paper is as follows: (1) based on the principle of double-disc knife cutting, the design of chain saw cutter and joint reverse rotary circular disc cutter: combining the structural parameters of the picker of the circular baler and the characteristics and cutting requirements of the rice and wheat station culms, The main structure parameters and cutting motion parameters of two kinds of cutters are obtained. Using mechanism theory and innovative design methods, Based on SolidWorks, the hydraulic driving system and hanging mechanism design of the chain saw cutting device and the joint group forward and reverse rotary disc cutter are established respectively: according to the work of the joint group forward and inverse rotary disc cutter, the hydraulic drive system and the hanging mechanism of the cutting device are designed. Requirements and basic hydraulic circuit functions, The hydraulic drive system of the cutting device is designed, and the speed, displacement, the total flow rate of the hydraulic system and the type of the hydraulic valve are determined by theoretical calculation. Based on the principle of four-bar mechanism, a hanging mechanism is designed to connect the joint group forward and reverse rotating disc cutter with the circular baler picker, and the auxiliary support of the electric cylinder push rod and the transverse pull rod is controlled by controlling the extension of the electric cylinder push rod and the auxiliary support of the transverse pull rod. The cutting speed and cutting graph of the cutter and the finite element analysis of the blade are realized. According to the requirements of the linear speed of the cutter, the structural parameters of the chain cutter and the disc cutter are determined. The effects of structural parameters and motion parameters of chain saw and disc cutter on the cutting and recutting are analyzed. By using Ansys software, the stress, strain and displacement of the chain cutter are obtained, which provides guidance for the optimization of the structural parameters and the selection of the machining process. The modal analysis of the disc cutter is carried out by using Ansys software, and the natural frequency and the main vibration mode of the first six orders of the disc cutter are obtained. For the determination of the rotational speed of avoiding the resonance of the disc knife, the reference is provided for the determination of the rotational speed of the disc cutter. 4) the culm test of the cutting station: 1) the chain saw cutting device is designed. The experiment of cutting the straw of weed station shows that when the linear speed of the chain cutter is more than 5 m / s, the hard stem of coarse stem can be cut effectively, but the effect of cutting station stem with fine diameter and soft material is not ideal. The linear speed of the chain cutter is increased to 10 m / s, which can cut the hard stem and the soft stem of the fine diameter, but the chain cutter has the problem of chain clamping, jumping chain and serious wear of the chain and guide plate. It is not suitable to be used in culm harvesting. 2) the cutting station culm test of the cutting tool with positive and reverse rotating disc type cutter shows that when the rotating speed of the cutter head is 1 600 ~ 1 700 r / min and the advance speed of the machine is 0. 2 ~ 0. 3 m / s, the linear speed of the disc cutter tip is 21. 4 ~ 20. 7 mm / s, and the missing cutting rate is between 8. 48.7% and 8. 48.7%. The power consumption of the cutter is between 3.01 and 3.43 Kw, which is suitable for straw and weed cutting in rice and wheat stations. The optimal experimental combination is that the speed of the cutter head is 1600 r / min, and the advance speed of the machine is 0.2 m / s.
【学位授予单位】：江苏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S225

【参考文献】