不同微生态制剂对稻秸分子结构及瘤胃降解特性的影响

发布时间：2018-04-27 12:04

本文选题：水稻秸秆 + 木质纤维素　；参考：《塔里木大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文旨在通过试验研究不同微生态制剂对稻秸发酵品质、营养成分及分子结构的影响;通过尼龙袋试验评定不同微生态制剂处理稻秸对瘤胃降解特性的影响。本研究共完成3个部分,具体内容如下:试验一稻秸原料的营养成分及纤维素四级分子结构本研究旨在探索稻秸原料的营养成分及纤维素四级分子结构特性。以水稻秸秆为试验材料,采用粉碎处理,利用实验室检测方法分析稻秸原料的干物质(DM)、粗蛋白(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、纤维素(C)、半纤维素(HC)、木质素(ADL)含量。采用苯酚硫酸法、4,4′二羧酸-2,2′-喹啉(BCA)法、近红外光谱(FTIR)、X-射线衍射分析(XRD)和伊红美兰法分析稻秸原料的分子结构特性。试验结果表明:1)营养素层面,稻秸原料的干物质(DM)含量为25.91%FM,粗蛋白(CP)含量为37.13 g/kg DM,中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、纤维素(C)、半纤维素(HC)、木质素(ADL)含量分别为778.22、514、438.84、264.22、75.16g/kg DM。2)分子结构层面,聚合度高达430,其峰位1098 cm-1(结晶纤维素),1375 cm-1(C-H弯曲振动),1427 cm-1(紫丁香基和愈创木基缩合物),1515 cm-1(芳香族骨架)4个特征官能团化学键的结合力较强。其纤维素结晶度为47.52%,比表面积为1.105 m2/g。综上可知,稻秸原料的营养成分及分子结构两方面的物料特性。试验二不同微生态制制剂对稻秸营养成分及四级分子结构的影响本研究旨在探索不同微生态制剂对稻秸发酵品质、营养成分及分子结构的影响。以水稻秸秆为试验材料,采用不同酶、菌制剂配伍进行处理,分析其对水稻秸秆微观结构的影响,试验设9个处理:对照组(CK)、复合酶制剂处理组(C)、果胶酶+漆酶处理组(PL)、复合酶制剂+果胶酶+漆酶处理组(CL)植物乳酸杆菌处理(LP)、布氏乳酸杆菌处理(LB)、植物乳酸杆菌+布氏乳酸杆菌处理(LPB)、复合酶制剂+果胶酶+漆酶+植物乳酸杆菌(CLP)、复合酶制剂+果胶酶+漆酶+植物乳酸杆菌+布氏乳酸杆菌(CLPB)。采用聚乙烯袋袋装发酵,贮藏45 d后取样,采用实验室检测方法、苯酚硫酸法、BCA法、FTIR法、XRD法和伊红美兰法分析不同酶、菌制剂或组合处理的稻秸的营养成分、发酵品质及微观结构变化。结果表明:1)营养素层面,与对照组(CK组)相比,酶制剂处理组(C、PL、CPL)的乳酸(LA)含量显著增加(P0.05),pH值、乙酸(AA)、氨态氮/总氮(ATN/TN)值、DM、纤维素含量均显著降低(P0.05);菌制剂处理组(LP、LB、LPB)的pH值、丙酸含量、氨态氮/总氮(ATN/TN)值、粗蛋白质含量及纤维素含量均显著降低(P0.05),干物质(DM)、半纤维素含量和木质素含量均变化不显著(P0.05);复合酶菌制剂处理组处理组(CLP、CLPB)乳酸(LA)、乙酸(AA)、干物质(DM)含量显著提高(P0.05),pH、氨态氮/总氮(ATN/TN)值、纤维素、半纤维素、木质素及粗蛋白含量均显著降低(P0.05)。2)分子结构层面,与对照组相比,酶制剂处理(C、PL、CL)对稻秸聚合度产生显著影响(P0.05),降低幅度分别为30.26%、27.11%、56.32%,分子间氢键结合力减弱,其中酶制剂处理组(C、PL)结晶度与比表面积无显著变化,酶制剂处理组(CL)处理组有降低结晶度和增加比表面积的趋势;菌制剂处理(LP、LB、LPB)对稻秸的聚合度有显著影响(P0.05),聚合度分比为246、216及214,分子间氢键结合力减弱,结晶度无显著变化(P0.05),对比表面积有显著影响(P0.05);复合酶菌制剂(CLP、CLPB)显著降低了聚合度(P0.05),降低幅度分别为47.37%,46.59%,分子间氢键结合力减弱,显著降低了结晶度及比表面积(P0.05)。综上,酶制剂处理组(CL)、复合酶菌制剂处理组(CLP、CLPB)降解纤维组分的效果最理想,能有效地破解细胞壁中木质素-纤维素-半纤维素复合结构,将纤维素降解为可利用的糖,提高水稻秸秆饲料的营养含量,降低聚合度及结晶度,增大比表面积,从而提高秸秆的可消化性及利用率。试验三不同微生态制剂处理稻秸对瘤胃降解特性的影响本试验旨在研究不同微生态制剂处理的稻秸饲料对瘤胃降解特性的影响。试验利用酶制剂、菌制剂进行配伍共设有9个处理组,选取6头健康的、体重相近的装有瘘管的杜寒羊F1代杂交羯羊,采用半体内法(in situ)测定处理后稻秸饲料0、12、24、36、48、72 h6个时间点的干物质(DM)、粗蛋白(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、纤维素、半纤维素、木质素的瘤胃降解率。试验结果表明:酶制剂处理组(C、PL、CL),菌制剂处理组(LP、LB、LPB)、复合酶菌制剂处理组(CLP、CLPB)各个时间的干物质(DM)、粗蛋白(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、纤维素、半纤维素、木质素降解效果均显著高于对照组(P0.05),各处理组之间降解程度不一。其中,酶制剂处理组(CL)及复合酶菌制剂处理组(CLP、CLPB)的降解效果最优。
[Abstract]:The effects of different microecological agents on the fermentation quality, nutrient composition and molecular structure of rice straw were studied in this paper. The effects of different microecological agents on the degradation characteristics of rice straw were evaluated through the nylon bag test. 3 parts were completed in this study. The contents of this study were as follows: the nutritional components and cellulose of rice straw raw materials were tested. The four level molecular structure was designed to explore the nutritional components of rice straw and the four molecular structure of cellulose. Using rice straw as the test material, the dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid washing fiber (ADF), cellulose (C), semi fiber were analyzed by the laboratory testing method. The content of lignin (HC) and lignin (ADL). The molecular structure characteristics of rice straw were analyzed by phenol sulfuric acid method, 4,4 'two carboxylic acid -2,2' - quinoline (BCA) method, near infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X- ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and yimorn method. The results showed that the content of dry matter (DM) of rice straw was 25.91%FM, and the content of crude protein (CP) was 1). 37.13 g/kg DM, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid washing fiber (ADF), cellulose (C), hemicellulose (HC), lignin (ADL) content are 778.22514438.84264.22,75.16g/kg DM.2, respectively, at the molecular structure level, and the degree of polymerization is up to 430, its peak position 1098 cm-1 (crystalline cellulose), 1375 cm-1 (C-H bending vibration), 1427 (lilac and guaiacy) The combination of 1515 cm-1 (aromatic skeleton) 4 characteristic functional group chemical bonds is stronger. Its cellulose crystallinity is 47.52% and the surface area is 1.105 m2/g.. The nutritional components and molecular structure of rice straw materials are found in two aspects. Two different microbiological preparation for rice straw nutrition and four molecular structure The effect of this study was to explore the effects of different microecological agents on the fermentation quality, nutrient composition and molecular structure of rice straw. Using rice straw as the experimental material, the effects of different enzymes and bacteria preparations were used to analyze the effect of the rice straw on the microstructure of rice straw. The experiment set up 9 points: the control group (CK), the compound enzyme preparation treatment group (C) and pectinase. + laccase treatment group (PL), compound enzyme preparation + laccase + laccase treatment group (CL) plant lactobacillus treatment (LP), Lactobacillus brucellus treatment (LB), Lactobacillus + Lactobacillus brucellus treatment (LPB), compound enzyme preparation + laccase + plant lactobacillus (CLP), compound enzyme preparation + laccase + laccase + plant Lactobacillus + Brucella lactic acid rod Bacteria (CLPB). A polyethylene bag was fermented and stored for 45 d after storage. The nutrient components, fermentation quality and microstructure of the rice straw were analyzed by laboratory testing, phenol sulfuric acid method, BCA, FTIR, XRD and yimorn method. The results showed that: 1) the nutrient level was compared with the control group (CK group). The content of lactic acid (LA) in the enzyme preparation group (C, PL, CPL) increased significantly (P0.05), pH value, acetic acid (AA), ammonia nitrogen / total nitrogen (ATN/TN) value, DM, and cellulose content decreased significantly (P0.05), the content of propionic acid, ammonia nitrogen / total nitrogen, crude protein content and cellulose content were significantly reduced. DM, hemicellulose content and lignin content were not significantly changed (P0.05); the content of CLP, CLPB, acetic acid (AA) and dry matter (DM) content increased significantly (P0.05), pH, ammonia nitrogen / total nitrogen (ATN/TN), cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and crude protein content significantly decreased (P0.05).2) molecular structure layer. Compared with the control group, the enzyme preparation (C, PL, CL) had a significant effect on the degree of polymerization of rice straw (P0.05), and the decrease was 30.26%, 27.11%, 56.32%, respectively, and the hydrogen bond binding force was weakened, among which the crystallinity of the enzyme preparation group (C, PL) was not significantly changed with the specific surface area, and the enzyme preparation group (CL) treatment group had lower crystallinity and increase ratio. The area trend; LP (LB, LPB) had a significant effect on the degree of polymerization of rice straw (P0.05), the ratio of degree of polymerization was 246216 and 214, the intermolecular hydrogen bond binding force was weakened, the crystallinity was not significantly changed (P0.05), and the surface area was significantly affected (P0.05). The degree of polymerization (P0.05) and the decrease were reduced significantly by the compound enzyme bacteria (CLP, CLPB). For 47.37%, 46.59%, the binding force of hydrogen bond between molecules was weakened, and the crystallinity and specific surface area (P0.05) were significantly reduced. In addition, the enzyme preparation group (CL), the effect of the composite enzyme preparation treatment group (CLP, CLPB) to degrade fiber components was the best. It could effectively solve the lignin cellulose hemicellulose complex structure in the cell wall and degrade cellulose into the cell wall. The use of sugar to improve the nutritional content of rice straw feed, reduce the degree of polymerization and crystallinity, increase the specific surface area, and thus improve the digestibility and utilization of straw. Experiment three different microecological agents on the effects of rice straw on rumen degradation characteristics were studied in this experiment to study the degradation of rumen degradation by rice straw treated with different microecological agents. A total of 9 treatment groups were set up with enzyme preparation and bacteria preparation, and 6 healthy and similar body weight F1 hybrids with fistulas were selected. The dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid were measured by the semi body method (in situ). The rumen degradation rate of ADF, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. The results showed that the enzyme preparation group (C, PL, CL), the treatment group (LP, LB, LPB), the dry matter (DM), the crude protein (CP), the neutral detergent fiber (NDF), the acid washing fiber, the cellulose, hemicellulose in the treatment group of the compound enzyme preparation (CLP, CLPB). The degradation effect of lignin was significantly higher than that of the control group (P0.05), and the degradation degree of each treatment group was different. Among them, the degradation effect of the enzyme preparation group (CL) and the compound enzyme preparation treatment group (CLP, CLPB) was the best.

【学位授予单位】：塔里木大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S816

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