额尔齐斯河贝加尔雅罗鱼微卫星标记筛选及其遗传多样性分析

发布时间：2018-05-09 21:07

本文选题：贝加尔雅罗鱼 + 微卫星标记　；参考：《华中农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本研究以额尔齐斯河贝加尔雅罗鱼(Leuciscus leuciscus baicalensis)为实验对象,联合二代测序技术和荧光毛细管电泳技术,开发微卫星位点30个,其中19个来自基因组,11个来自转录组;利用这30个位点对哈巴河、布尔津及北湾三个群体进行遗传多样性分析,并探究这些位点在其他9种鲤科鱼类中的通用性。主要结果如下:1.共合成160对引物,64对来自基因组,96对来自转录组;在扩增(以北湾群体样品为模板)过程中出现不同程度的扩增失败:3对基因组微卫星引物和25对转录组微卫星引物未扩增出任何条带或者未得到目的条带。2.用30个微卫星标记评估北湾、布尔津和哈巴河三个群体的遗传多样性,共检测出等位基因339个,各位点等位基因数范围在4-27之间,平均11.3个;有效等位基因数一共154.28个,介于1.56-15.34之间,平均5.14个;观测杂合度在0.37-1.00之间,平均值是0.68;期望杂合度在0.36-0.94,平均值是0.75;多态性信息含量在0.31-0.93之间,平均值是0.71。3.遗传分化指数和遗传距离显示,三个群体没有发生显著分化;分子方差分析结果显示,大部分变异来自个体间,极少数变异来自种群间。4.位点多态性比例:基因组31.1%,转录组15.5%;用于遗传多样性评估的指数,基因组微卫星位点的指数均大于转录组SSR微卫星的指数。5.30个位点在拟鲤中的通用率最高,为80%,其次是高体雅罗鱼,为76.7%;转录组微卫星位点的跨物种通用率普遍远远高于基因组微卫星位点。
[Abstract]:In this study, 30 microsatellite loci were developed by combining second-generation sequencing and fluorescence capillary electrophoresis with Leuciscus leuciscus baicalensis (Leuciscus leuciscus Baicalensis), 19 of which were from genome and 11 from transcriptional groups. These 30 loci were used to analyze the genetic diversity of Haba River, Bujin and Beiwan populations, and to explore the commonality of these loci in 9 other species of Cyprinidae. The main results are as follows: 1. A total of 160 pairs of primers were synthesized and 64 pairs of primers were synthesized from the genome. 96 pairs of primers were from the transcriptome. In the process of amplification (using the samples of Beiwan population as template), three pairs of genomic microsatellite primers and 25 pairs of transcriptional microsatellite primers did not amplify any bands or the target bands were not obtained. Thirty microsatellite markers were used to assess the genetic diversity of the three populations in Beiwan, Brzin and Haba. A total of 339 alleles were detected. The number of alleles at each point ranged from 4 to 27, with an average of 11.3, and the number of effective alleles was 154.28. The observed heterozygosity was 0.37-1.00, the average was 0.68, the expected heterozygosity was 0.36-0.94, the average value was 0.75, and the polymorphism information content was 0.31-0.93 with an average of 0.71.3. The genetic differentiation index and genetic distance showed that there was no significant differentiation among the three populations, and the results of molecular variance analysis showed that most of the variations came from the individuals, and a few from the populations. The genetic diversity assessment index of genomic microsatellite loci was higher than that of transcriptional SSR microsatellite loci. 5.30 loci were the most common in carps. The transcriptional microsatellite loci are generally much higher than the genomic microsatellite sites.
【学位授予单位】：华中农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S917.4

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