玉米免耕移栽机的研制与试验

发布时间：2018-05-10 05:28

本文选题：免耕移栽 + 育苗技术　；参考：《沈阳农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文在查阅国内外免耕和移栽技术研究现状的基础上,针对辽西地区春小麦收获之后移栽玉米过程中生产效率低、劳动强度大、移栽效果不佳、经济效益差等问题,研制玉米免耕移栽机。研究内容如下:(1)确定了玉米免耕移栽机的总体结构设计方案。首先对试验田状况考察,并对育苗方式和存在的问题进行分析,这是决定移栽机结构设计的重要组成,根据所获取的信息对移栽机的整机的结构、工作原理、投苗原理和动力传动系统进行设计。(2)利用Solidworks软件对玉米免耕移栽机的所有零部件进行建模。各个零件建模完成后,进行了整机装配并对所创建的模型进行装配检查,从而确定零件尺寸参数和装配位置的合理性。并对关键部件波纹破茬圆盘刀和缺口破茬圆盘刀进行有限元分析,结果表明两种破茬圆盘刀均能能够满足强度和刚度要求,设计结构参数合理。(3)对玉米免耕移栽机在田间进行试验,分析了两种不同的破茬圆盘对玉米穴盘苗的移栽深度合格率、株距合格率、立苗合格率的影响。试验结果表明两种破茬圆盘均能满足玉米移栽的农艺要求,波纹圆盘的效果要优于缺口圆盘。影响试验指标的原因是两种破茬刀对麦茬破坏程度不同,造成地表情况不同,对挠性圆盘、镇压轮、覆土器等部件产生影响。试验结果为免耕移栽机的研制和推广提供了参考。
[Abstract]:On the basis of consulting the research status of no-tillage and transplanting technology at home and abroad, this paper aims at the problems of low production efficiency, high labor intensity, poor transplanting effect and poor economic benefit in the process of transplanting maize after spring wheat harvest in western Liaoning. A no-tillage transplanter for corn was developed. The research contents are as follows: 1) the overall structure design scheme of corn no-tillage transplanter is determined. First of all, the condition of the experimental field is investigated, and the seedling raising mode and existing problems are analyzed. This is the important composition of the structure design of the transplanter. According to the information obtained, the structure and working principle of the whole transplanter are analyzed. Solidworks software was used to model all parts of corn no-tillage transplanter. After the modeling of each part is completed, the whole machine assembly is carried out and the model created is inspected to determine the rationality of the dimension parameters and assembly position of the parts. The finite element analysis of corrugated stubble disc cutter and notched stubble disc cutter is carried out. The results show that both kinds of cutter can meet the requirements of strength and stiffness. The experiment of corn no-tillage transplanting machine was carried out in the field with reasonable structural parameters. The effects of two kinds of stubble breaking disc on the qualified rate of transplanting depth, the qualified rate of plant spacing and the rate of standing seedling were analyzed. The results showed that the two kinds of stubble disc could meet the agronomic requirements of maize transplanting, and the effect of corrugated disc was better than that of notched disc. The reason of influencing the test index is that the damage degree of the two stubble cutters to wheat stubble is different and the ground condition is different, which has an effect on the flexible disc, the crushing wheel, the soil cladding device and so on. The results provide a reference for the development and popularization of no-tillage transplanter.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S223.9

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