有囊灯光围网水上集鱼灯水中照度分布及优化配置研究

发布时间：2018-05-20 13:46

本文选题：集鱼灯 + 水中照度　；参考：《上海海洋大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着国内有囊灯光围网的不断发展,渔船集鱼灯功率配置的恶性竞争仍存在于实际生产中,尤其是近年来,有囊灯光围网渔船的集鱼灯总功率一再盲目增大,在相对拥挤的作业海域,渔船之间的灯光干扰也更加明显,严重影响了作业效果,这给集鱼灯的合理利用带来很大困难,研究和解决符合我国国内有囊灯光围网发展状况的优化配置问题是摆在我们眼前紧迫而必要的任务。我国国内集鱼灯研究起步较晚,正在涉及此研究的相关公司和科研单位少,为满足诱集效果最大化而又节省能源的需求,对特定的环境以及海域进行水下照度分布分析显得尤为重要。当测量必备仪器,测深和测距方法等已经得以解决时,集鱼灯自身因素以及水下光场算法性已成为影响我们掌握水下照度分布的一个重要因素。基于此,本文以浙江水产研究所有囊灯光围网渔船集鱼灯优化配置的实际工程项目为研究背景,对水下目标区域内的光场分布特性进行系统、全面的理论和试验研究。本文介绍了有囊灯光围网渔船集鱼灯的研究背景和现状,对有囊灯光围网作业的发展现状、鲐鱼趋光习性以及集鱼灯特性几个内容的基础理论进行了阐述。从实际渔船作业角度出发,研究了海水环境下目标测量点的光线能量传播特性,根据射线光学理论,推导了点光源在空气和水下场的衰减数学表达式,对于折射点位置采用二分法对其进行描述,建立了基于叠加法的矢量光场照度计算模型。将光场计算模型应用于自行开发的集鱼灯水下照度模拟及光场照度软件中,为测试海域内光场照度特性研究提供理论计算方法。实现对水下测量点的数值化计算,指定方向线上照度衰减特性研究以及有效诱集水体体积等功能的实现,为评估渔船集鱼灯水下照度分布以及集鱼灯配置能力提供了有效的手段和依据。针对外界测量环境内对测量值的两个主要影响因素引入误差修正,对引入的边界约束和测点偏差两个测量值影响因素进行分析,探讨和研究提高光照分布模拟值精度的方法和相关技术,进一步提高水下照度模拟的精度,为缩小实际测试中边界临界值难以把握带来的影响提供了依据,采用最值法或中位数法来修正临界距离,通过合理的选取实现复杂海域环境的可度量化,减小由海流海浪对目标测量结果的影响。基于水下照度计算叠加理论提出了有效诱集水体体积的评估算法方案,以及新的点光源照度分布模型,并结合实际作业渔船案例分析本文提出方法的科学性和有效性,最后将算法实际应用到水下照度模拟系统中,实现精准测算渔船周围水下照度分布以及有效诱集范围的能力预报。对有囊灯光围网渔船的集鱼灯合理配置进行了研究。研究表明:当渔船配置1kW型水上金属卤化物集鱼灯时,其最佳灯高可选8.2m,灯距为0.75m,总功率配置可选45kW;当渔船配置2kW型水上金卤灯时,其最佳灯高可选8.2m,灯距为0.75m,总功率配置可选84kW;当渔船配置3kW型水上金卤灯时,其最佳灯高可选8.2m,灯距为0.71m,总功率配置为141kW;当渔船配置4kW型水上金属卤化物集鱼灯时,其最佳灯高可选8.2m,灯距为0.71m,总功率配置为220kW。本文从事的主要研究工作和创新之处有。1)分析了国内有囊灯光围网渔船水下灯照度预测的研究现状及存在的困难和不足之处,并根据点光源叠加法提出新的有效诱集水体体积的评估及预测模型。2)研究了不同集鱼灯的配光特性,充分考虑到其光源各向异性的特点,结合点光源计算方法光场分布给出新的计算方案,这点与以往点光源法研究有所不同;推导了集鱼灯光源到水下照度的数学表达式,建立了基于叠加法的光场计算模型,并将光场计算模型应用于实际案例的计算中。3)自主开发具有针对性的有囊灯光围网渔船照度分布分析软件:集鱼灯水下照度模拟及光场计算软件。4)利用海上实测数据引入误差修正,探讨了实际测量中的边界约束和测点偏差的问题及采取的对应策略。5)研究了不同金卤灯配置对诱鱼范围效果的影响,分析配置不同类型金卤灯水下照度分布的状态,给出多种配置下光场的不同照度分布,并根据有效诱集水体体积建立完善相对完善的评估配置体系。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of the domestic bursa light Seine, the vicious competition of the fishing boat lantern power allocation still exists in the actual production. Especially in recent years, the total power of the fish lantern of the Cape light Seine fishing boat has been increased blindly, and the light interference between the fishing boats is more obvious in the relatively crowded operating area, which has seriously affected the operation effect. It brings great difficulties to the rational utilization of fish lantern. It is urgent and necessary to study and solve the problem of optimizing the development of the development of the bursa light Seine in our country. The study of fish lantern in our country is late, and the related companies and scientific research units are being involved in this study to meet the effect of the luring. In order to maximize and save energy demand, it is very important to analyze the distribution of underwater illumination in specific environment and sea area. When measuring the necessary instruments, the method of sounding and distance measurement has been solved, the factors of the fish lamp and the algorithm of underwater light field have become an important factor affecting the distribution of underwater illumination. Based on this, this paper is based on the actual project of Zhejiang Fisheries Research on the optimization configuration of the fish lantern in all the capsular light Seine fishing boats. The light field distribution characteristics in the underwater target area are systematically carried out, the comprehensive theoretical and experimental research is made. This paper introduces the research background and present situation of the fish lantern of the capsular light Seine fishing boat, and the light of the capsular light. The present situation of the development of the operation of the Seine, the light behavior of mackerel and the basic theory of the characteristics of the fish collecting lamp are expounded. From the point of view of the actual fishing operation, the light energy propagation characteristics of the target measurement point in the sea water environment are studied. The mathematical expression of the attenuation of the point source in the air and the underwater field is derived according to the ray optics theory. The position of the refraction point is described by dichotomy, and a calculation model of light field illumination based on the superposition method is established. The optical field calculation model is applied to the self-developed underwater illuminance simulation and light field illumination software developed by ourselves. It provides a theoretical calculation method for the study of the light field illumination characteristics in the sea area. The numerical calculation of points, the study on the attenuation characteristic of illuminance on the specified direction line and the realization of the effective collection of water volume, provide an effective means and basis for evaluating the underwater illumination distribution and the allocation capacity of fish lantern for fishing vessels, and the error repair is introduced to the two main influencing factors of the measurement value in the external measurement environment. In order to reduce the accuracy of the simulation of underwater illumination, the accuracy of the simulation of underwater illumination is further improved and the effect of the boundary critical value in the actual test is further improved. The median method is used to correct the critical distance, and to reduce the impact of the ocean waves on the target measurement results by reasonable selection of the environment of the complex sea area. Based on the superposition theory of underwater illuminance calculation, a new method for evaluating the volume of the effective water body and a new point light illumination distribution model are proposed, and the actual operation is combined with the actual operation. In the case of fishing boat case analysis, this paper puts forward the scientificalness and effectiveness of the method. Finally, the algorithm is applied to the underwater illumination simulation system to accurately predict the underwater illumination distribution around the fishing boat and the ability to predict the effective set range. When the 1kW type water metal halide fish lamp is set, the best lamp is 8.2m, the lamp distance is 0.75m, the total power is optional 45kW. When the fishing boat is equipped with the 2kW type water gold halogen lamp, the optimum lamp is 8.2m, the lamp distance is 0.75m, the total power is optional 84kW; when the fishing boat is equipped with the 3kW type water gold halogen lamp, the best lamp is optional 8.2m and the lamp distance of 0.71M, The total power is 141kW. When the fishing boat is equipped with 4kW type water metal halide fish lamp, the best light height is 8.2m, the lamp distance is 0.71M, the total power is 220kW., the main research work and the innovation are.1). The research status and the difficulties and the difficulties in the prediction of the underwater lamp of the Cape light Seine fishing boat are analyzed. According to the point source superposition method, a new effective luring water volume evaluation and prediction model.2 is put forward to study the light distribution characteristics of different fish collecting lamps, taking into account the characteristics of the anisotropy of the light source, and combining the point light calculation method with the distribution of light field, which is different from that of the previous point source method. The mathematical expression of the light source from fish lamp to underwater illumination is guided, the calculation model of light field based on superposition method is established, and the calculation model of light field is applied to the calculation of actual cases by.3). The software for analyzing the illumination distribution of the fishing vessel of the capsular light Seine is independently developed, which is used to simulate the underwater illuminance of the fish lamp and the software of the light field calculation (.4). The error correction is introduced into the measured data at sea. The problem of boundary constraint and measuring point deviation in actual measurement and the corresponding strategy.5 are discussed. The effects of different types of gold halogen lamps on the effect of the range of fish lure are studied, the distribution of different types of gold halide lamps is analyzed, and the different illumination distribution of the light field under various configurations is given. According to the effective trap of water volume, a relatively perfect assessment configuration system is established.
【学位授予单位】：上海海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S972.632

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