南方丘陵地区混合动力采伐机底盘系统研究

发布时间：2018-05-20 16:08

本文选题：南方丘陵地区 + 混合动力　；参考：《福建农林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：采伐机的排放差、能耗高、能源的利用率低等,在当今紧缺化石能源和环境日益恶化的情境下,研究采伐机的节能技术具有非常重大的现实意义。采伐机的动力系统中普遍采用"全燃油"方式,而且国内的采伐机大多数是直接引进国外产品,受到我国丘陵地区复杂地形的影响,动力性能上会受到制约,导致运行工况不稳定、整机振动大。本文取消了"全燃油"方式,采用串联混合动力系统方案,探讨了混合动力采伐机的模型,研究了采伐机结构强度,分析了采伐机行驶的稳定性。本文的研究方法和结果如下:1.根据南方丘陵地区的自然地形情况,提出了采伐机的基本性能要求,并采取八只轮子、混合动力技术措施。经过国内外的机型探讨,分析国内外采伐机的结构形式,最终确定混合动力采伐机参考模型,提出了采伐机底盘的基本尺寸参数。2.通过对比不同混合动力系统布局,确定出最终的布局方案,对动力部件进行匹配与选型;借助AVL Cruise软件对比分析混合动力系统和传统动力系统,表明混合动力采伐机性能优于传统采伐机,验证了所设计的混合动力系统是可行的。3.根据第四强度理论和材料的挠度分析,提出车架的强度和刚度的评价准则。借助HyperWorks软件对车架的两个典型工况进行静力学分析,得到车架的最大应力值和最大变形量都低于评价准则。分析车架不同姿态的自由模态,对比计算出评价准则,表明车架能很好的避开共振频率,验证了车架设计的合理性和可靠性。4.利用轮胎与土壤深陷和附着关系,计算出采伐机底盘越障的极限高度;借助ADAMS软件验证采伐机越障的极限高度;借助拉格朗日方程推导出采伐机振动系统的运动微分方程,设置不同系数和运行速度,研究混合动力采伐机质心处的加速度和垂直位移的运动规律,得出最有利于采伐机底盘行驶的条件。5.利用Fischertechnik公司的机器人构建部件,搭建采伐机底盘的简化模型,研究采伐机底盘简化模型以相同速度运行在光滑瓷砖路面、细砂石路面和粗沥青路面的振动情况,以不同速度运行在粗沥青路面的振动情况,验证了前文对采伐机底盘分析的可行性。借助动力学理论和软件仿真手段,设置不同参数的对比分析,提高了南方丘陵地区混合动力采伐机底盘的动力性能,实现了节能减排的目的,保证了结构的强度,提升了行驶的稳定性。同时,验证了混合动力采伐机底盘模型的可行性,探索了适合我国南方丘陵地区混合动力采伐机底盘设计和分析方法,为今后开发新的林业机械底盘的研究提供了借鉴。
[Abstract]:Because of the poor emission, high energy consumption and low energy efficiency of cutting machines, it is of great practical significance to study the energy-saving technology of cutting machines under the circumstances of the shortage of fossil energy and the worsening of the environment. In the power system of cutting machines, "all fuel oil" is widely used, and most of the domestic cutting machines are imported directly from foreign products, which are affected by the complex terrain in hilly areas of our country, and the dynamic performance will be restricted. Lead to unstable operating conditions, large vibration of the whole machine. In this paper, the model of hybrid electric cutting machine is discussed, the structure strength of cutting machine is studied, and the driving stability of cutting machine is analyzed by using the scheme of series hybrid power system instead of "all fuel oil". The research methods and results are as follows: 1. According to the natural terrain in the southern hilly area, the basic performance requirements of the cutting machine are put forward, and the technical measures of eight wheels and hybrid power are adopted. The structure of cutting machine at home and abroad was analyzed and the reference model of hybrid electric cutting machine was determined. The basic dimension parameter of chassis of cutting machine was put forward. By comparing the layout of different hybrid power systems, the final layout scheme is determined, the power components are matched and selected, and the hybrid power system and the traditional power system are compared and analyzed with the help of AVL Cruise software. The results show that the performance of hybrid cutting machine is better than that of traditional cutting machine, and the designed hybrid power system is feasible. According to the fourth strength theory and the deflection analysis of the material, the evaluation criteria of the strength and stiffness of the frame are put forward. Based on the static analysis of two typical working conditions of the frame with HyperWorks software, the maximum stress value and the maximum deformation value of the frame are all lower than the evaluation criterion. By analyzing the free modes of the frame with different postures and comparing the evaluation criteria, it is shown that the frame can avoid the resonance frequency well, and the rationality and reliability of the frame design are verified. Based on the relationship between tire and soil, the limit height of cutting machine chassis is calculated, the limit height of cutting machine is verified by ADAMS software, and the differential equation of motion of vibration system of cutting machine is deduced by means of Lagrange equation. By setting different coefficients and running speed, the motion law of acceleration and vertical displacement at the center of mass of hybrid electric cutting machine is studied, and the conditions that are most favorable for driving on the chassis of cutting machine are obtained. The simplified model of cutting machine chassis is built by using the robot of Fischertechnik Company. The vibration of cutting machine chassis is studied in the smooth ceramic tile pavement, fine sand pavement and coarse asphalt pavement at the same speed. The vibration of coarse asphalt pavement running at different speeds verifies the feasibility of the chassis analysis of cutting machine. By means of dynamic theory and software simulation, the dynamic performance of the chassis of hybrid electric cutting machine in southern hilly area is improved by setting different parameters, and the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction is realized, and the strength of structure is ensured. Improved driving stability. At the same time, the feasibility of the chassis model of hybrid electric cutting machine is verified, and the design and analysis method of chassis suitable for hybrid electric cutting machine in southern hilly area of China is explored, which provides a reference for the future research of developing new forestry machinery chassis.
【学位授予单位】：福建农林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S776

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