温度对白灵菇、杏鲍菇及其杂交菌株不同生育阶段的影响研究

发布时间：2018-05-20 17:07

本文选题：白灵菇 + 杏鲍菇　；参考：《吉林农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：白灵菇和杏鲍菇是亲缘关系相近的两种大型侧耳属食用真菌,两者均具有较高的食用价值和经济价值,本研究以5份白灵菇菌株和5份杏鲍菇菌株进行单孢分离、单核化处理、根据交配型的配对规律进行杂交组合,利用ITS-RFLP分子标记方法辅助筛选白灵菇与杏鲍菇杂交菌株,并对杏鲍菇、白灵菇及其杂交菌株在不同温度条件下的栽培条件进行比较分析,结果如下:(1)对5个白灵菇菌株和5个杏鲍菇菌株单核菌丝进行交配型基因组合,共获得6个特异性的A因子和7个特异性的B因子,分别占供试单核菌株的67%和74%。(2)利用ITS-RFLP技术辅助单孢杂交,从21个杂交处理组合中获得并纯化杂交菌株3份。(3)在4℃-24℃范围内,白灵菇与杏鲍菇的菌丝体生长速度与温度的变化呈正相关,最适合菌丝体生长的温度为22℃。在最适合菌丝体生长的温度条件下白灵菇菌株与杏鲍菇菌株的菌丝体生长速度具有极显著差异,3份杂交菌株中11D与53D均与亲本菌株的菌丝生长速度有极显著差异,杂交菌株70D与亲本菌株XB130DB相比菌丝体生长速度差异明显,而与亲本菌株BL130LA在菌丝生长速度上差异不明显。(4)在4℃-24℃范围内,白灵菇的原基形成周期与温度呈倒V型曲线变化,12℃-14℃温度区间内原基形成周期最短;杏鲍菇的原基形成周期与温度呈负相关,随着温度的升高原基形成周期变短,22℃-24℃温度区间内原基形成周期最短。3份杂交菌株11D、53D、70D的原基形成周期与其对应亲本白灵菇菌株的原基形成周期在0.05水平上均呈显著差异。(5)通过对不同温度条件下的数据统计分析得到以下结论:白灵菇子实体形成最短周期所需温度为13±1℃,而杏鲍菇子实体形成最短周期所需温度为23±1℃,3份杂交菌株11D、53D、70D的子实体形成周期与其对应亲本白灵菇菌株的子实体形成周期在0.05水平上均呈显著差异。(6)在4℃-24℃区间内,5份白灵菇材料的菌柄长度与温度变化呈倒V型曲线,温度在12℃时,菌柄长度达到峰值,而温度低于8℃或高于16℃时菌柄生长缓慢或不生长;5份杏鲍菇材料菌柄长度与温度的变化呈对数曲线关系,温度高于6℃时菌柄即可生长,随着温度的升高,菌柄分化的长度也随之增加;3份杂交菌株的菌柄长度与温度变化曲线趋势均与其亲本杏鲍菇相似。(7)在4℃-24℃区间内,5份白灵菇材料的菌盖直径与温度变化呈倒V型曲线关系,温度在12℃时,菌盖直径达到峰值,而温度低于8℃或高于16℃时菌盖直径生长缓慢或不生长;5份供试的杏鲍菇材料其菌盖直径与温度的变化呈对数曲线关系,3份杂交菌株的菌盖直径与温度变化曲线趋势均与其亲本杏鲍菇相似。
[Abstract]:Ling Bai mushroom and Pleurotus abalone are two species of large edible fungus with close relationship. Both of them have high edible value and economic value. In this study, 5 strains of Ling Bai and 5 strains of Pleurotus abalone were isolated, mononucleated and hybridized according to mating pattern, using ITS-RFLP molecular markers. The hybrid strains of Pleurotus Ling Bai and Pleurotus abalone were screened by method, and the cultivation conditions of Pleurotus abalone, Ling Bai and its hybrid strains under different temperature conditions were compared and analyzed. The results were as follows: (1) a total of 6 specific A factors and 7 specificity were obtained from 5 Ling Bai mushrooms and 5 mononuclear mycelium of Pleurotus abalone strains. The B factors accounted for 67% and 74%. (2) of the mononuclear strains of the tested strains, respectively, with ITS-RFLP technique assisted single spore hybridization, and 3 hybrid strains were obtained from 21 hybrid combinations. (3) the growth rate of the mycelium of Ling Bai mushroom and Pleurotus abalone was positively correlated with the temperature change in the range of 4 centigrade -24, and the most suitable for the growth of mycelium was 22. The growth speed of the mycelium of Ling Bai mushroom and Pleurotus abalone was very significant in the temperature conditions suitable for the growth of mycelium. The 11D and 53D of the 3 hybrid strains were significantly different from those of the parent strain. The difference between the hybrid strain 70D and the parent strain XB130DB was significantly different than that of the parent strain, but the parent strain was different from the parent. The difference of strain BL130LA was not obvious at the growth rate of mycelium. (4) in the range of 4 C -24, the cycle and temperature of the primordium of Ling Bai mushroom showed an inverted V curve, and the formation period of the primordium was shortest in the temperature range of 12 C -14 C; the cycle of the primordium of Pleurotus abalone was negatively correlated with the temperature, and the period of the primordial formation shortened with the increase of temperature and 22 C -24. The period of.3 hybrid strain 11D, 53D, 70D, and the cycle of the original base formation period of the corresponding parent Ling Bai mushroom strains were significantly different at the 0.05 level. (5) the following conclusions were obtained by statistical analysis of the data under different temperature conditions: the temperature required for the shortest period of the mushroom fruiting body of Ling Bai was obtained. The temperature of the short cycle of the fruiting body of Pleurotus abalone was 13 + 1 C, and the temperature required for the shortest cycle of the Pleurotus abalone fruiting body was 23 + 1. 3 hybrid strains 11D, 53D, and 70D had a significant difference in the formation cycle of the fruiting bodies of their corresponding parent Ling Bai mushroom. (6) in the interval of 4 degrees centigrade -24 centigrade, the stalk length of 5 Ling Bai mushroom materials varied with the temperature. The inverted V curve, when the temperature is at 12 C, the stalk length reaches the peak, and the stalk grows slowly or not when the temperature is below 8 or higher than 16. The relationship between the stalk length and the temperature is logarithmic curve, and the stalk can grow when the temperature is higher than 6. As the temperature rises, the length of the stalk differentiation is increased, and the 3 copies of the stalk are also increased. The trend of stem length and temperature change of the strain was similar to that of its parent. (7) in the range of 4 -24 C, the cover diameter of 5 mushrooms and the temperature changes showed an inverted V curve. The cap diameter reached the peak when the temperature was 12, and the cap diameter was slow or no growth when the temperature was lower than 8 or higher than 16. 5 The canopy diameter of Pleurotus abalone was logarithmic to the temperature, and the curve of the cap diameter and temperature of the 3 hybrid strains were similar to their parents.
【学位授予单位】：吉林农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S646

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