转向绿色政治：秸秆综禁的行动逻辑

发布时间：2018-05-31 22:20

本文选题：秸秆综禁 + 基层治理　；参考：《南京大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：秸秆综禁是秸秆综合利用与禁烧禁抛的简称。随着生态文明建设纳入国家治理的范畴,环境问题受到了更多的关注。秸秆焚烧因其对环境造成的破坏,迅速成为绿色政治的关注对象。1999年,中国政府首次出台了关于秸秆综禁的政策。2013年,秸秆全面禁烧在各地陆续铺展开来,形成了声势浩大的禁烧运动。短短数年,秸秆综禁行动取得了惊人的初步效果,也造成了不容忽视的执行偏差,秸秆综禁行动背后关于绿色政治的良善夙愿并未如期实现。秸秆综禁的行动逻辑,不应简单地以政策执行视角来对待。秸秆综禁行动与中国绿色政治的发展有着时段上的同步性、议题上的相关性,秸秆焚烧应被视为一个伴随工业化进程而发生转向的现代问题,需要转向绿色政治的视角来观察执行偏差的现实表征、生成逻辑和矫正方向。针对秸秆综禁行动中的执行偏差问题,本文将系统地考察秸秆综禁行动的变迁历程与运转过程。采用文献研究和案例分析的方法,结合绿色政治的相关理论,从秸秆综禁行动被纳入公共领域开始着笔,描述秸秆综禁的结构与行动,重点分析秸秆综禁行动中执行偏差的生成逻辑和矫正方向。本文认为,秸秆焚烧在纳入公共领域的过程中经历了"公共安全——环境保护——综合利用"的重心转变,促成秸秆综禁政策出台的原因是环境恶化带来的国内民众的诉求和国际绿色外交的压力。秸秆综禁行动从中央政府到基层政府,形成了一套完整的权力结构、动力机制和执行方式。碎片化权力结构、压力式动力机制、边缘化公众参与是生成秸秆综禁行动中执行偏差的深层逻辑。秸秆综禁行动中的执行偏差矫正,不仅需要政府官员在执行方式上做出改变,还需要从土地制度和民主参与方面进行变革。转向绿色政治才是秸秆综禁行动的未来指向。对于秸秆综禁行动的研究意义在于,一方面可以观察环保政策在中国语境下的权力结构和运作逻辑,借此对实然的绿化行动进行反思与调试;另一方面,可以拓展到其他绿化行动上,为中国未来的绿色政治发展以及公共领域的绿化提供可资借鉴的参考。秸秆综禁作为一场绿化行动在实践层面能为中国绿色政治的发展提供一次思考——绿色政治的发展需要在威权主义之下提供民主参与的空间。
[Abstract]:Comprehensive utilization of straw and prohibition of burning and throwing are short for comprehensive prohibition of straw. With the construction of ecological civilization into the category of national governance, environmental issues have received more attention. Straw burning has quickly become a focus of green politics because of its damage to the environment. In 1999, the Chinese government first introduced a policy on comprehensive ban on straw. In 2013, a comprehensive ban on straw burning was spread all over the country. Has formed the massive burning ban movement. In just a few years, the straw comprehensive ban action has obtained the astonishing preliminary effect, also has caused the implementation deviation which cannot be ignored, behind the straw comprehensive ban action regarding the green politics the good long-cherished wish has not been realized as scheduled. The logic of straw ban should not be treated simply from the perspective of policy implementation. The ban on straw and the development of green politics in China have time synchronization and relevance on the issue. Straw burning should be regarded as a modern problem accompanied by the process of industrialization. We need to turn to green politics to observe the realistic representation of executive bias, generate logic and correct direction. In order to solve the problem of the deviation in the implementation of straw ensemble ban, this paper will systematically investigate the vicissitude course and operation process of straw ensemble ban. By using the methods of literature research and case analysis, combining with the relevant theories of green politics, this paper begins with the introduction of straw ensemble ban into the public domain, and describes the structure and action of straw ensemble ban. This paper mainly analyzes the generating logic and rectifying direction of execution deviation in straw comprehensive ban. In this paper, straw incineration has undergone a shift in the focus of "public safety-environmental protection-comprehensive utilization" in the process of bringing straw burning into the public domain. The reason for this policy is the demand of domestic people and the pressure of international green diplomacy. From the central government to the grass-roots government, the straw ban has formed a complete power structure, power mechanism and execution mode. Fragmentation of power structure, pressure-type dynamic mechanism and marginalized public participation are the deep logic of generating executive deviation in straw comprehensive ban. The correction of executive deviation in straw comprehensive ban not only needs government officials to make changes in the way of execution, but also needs to change from the aspects of land system and democratic participation. Turning to green politics is the future direction of straw ban. On the one hand, we can observe the power structure and operation logic of environmental protection policy in Chinese context, so as to reflect and debug the actual greening action; on the other hand, It can be extended to other greening activities to provide reference for the future green political development of China and the greening of the public domain. As a green action, straw ban can provide a reflection for the development of green politics in China-the development of green politics needs to provide a space for democratic participation under authoritarianism.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X712;X32

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