控释肥对切花百合生长发育的影响

发布时间：2018-06-07 05:22

本文选题：控释肥 + 百合　；参考：《仲恺农业工程学院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：为探讨控释肥不同用量以及施用方式对百合生长效应及土壤养分的影响,以施用普通复合肥为对照,本论文设置了控释肥3种施肥量(6.0g/株,4.5g/株,3.0g/株),2种施肥方式(一次性施用,分次施用),通过大田栽培方式,研究不同用量与不同施用方式施用控释肥和施用普通复合肥的施肥方式对百合生长发育、生理指标、不同功能器官干物质分配规律以及土壤中养分含量变化的影响,以期为百合栽培中合理使用控释肥提供理论依据。取得试验结果如下:(1)与施用普通复合肥相比,施用控释肥显著促进了百合株高、茎粗、地下部分的生长,提高了百合质量。施用控释肥使百合的株高较普通化肥增长4.85%-13.06%,茎粗增长10.9%-40.8%。控释肥处理的百合地下鳞茎鲜重比普通复合肥要重3.4%-11.4%。施用控释肥处理对增加百合叶片的叶绿素含量的效果显著,并且促进光合作用。施用控释肥能显著增强了百合的根系活力,在第8周后的效果显著。(2)与施用普通复合肥相比,施用控释肥显著提高了土壤中的有效养分的含量,其中碱解氮含量提高2.50%-15.23%,有效钾提高5.04%-8.33%。同时,施用控释肥使得百合生长后期基质中的EC值显著高于普通复合肥处理,控释肥比普通施肥对土壤酸化影响较小,使土壤pH值保持稳定。(3)施用控释肥能显著提高了百合干物质积累总量,并增加了百合地上部干物质积累量。施用控释肥降低了百合种植6周内植株干物质积累量和积累速率,较普通化肥降低19.3%-30.5%和20.8%-33.5%;提高了百合种植后7周的植株干物质积累量和积累速率,较普通化肥提高3.90%-15.5%和60.9%-63.6%,植株干物质最大积累速率出现的时间比普通化肥处理要晚。施用控释肥增加了百合种植后叶片干物质积累量以及种植8周后茎干干物质积累量。(4)施用控释肥处理能使百合叶片后期保持较高的SOD、CAT活性水平,分别比对照增加6.27%-23.43%、10.44%-27.56%;减少百合叶片中MDA的积累,分别比对照减少10.36%-14.50%;施用控释肥处理和复合肥处理能提高百合叶片的可溶性蛋白质和可溶性糖的含量,分别比对照增加5.91%-11.73%、2.49%-9.95%。
[Abstract]:In order to study the effects of controlled release fertilizer (CRF) on the growth effect and soil nutrient of lily (Lilium lilium L.) in different amounts and the application of common compound fertilizer as control, two fertilization methods (single application) were set up in this paper, the amount of CRF was 6.0g / plant 4.5g / plant and 3.0g / plant per plant. The effects of controlled release fertilizer and common compound fertilizer on the growth and physiological index of lily were studied in different application rate and different application mode by field cultivation. The distribution of dry matter in different functional organs and the effect of nutrient content in soil were studied in order to provide theoretical basis for the rational use of controlled-release fertilizer in lily cultivation. The results were as follows: (1) compared with common compound fertilizer, controlled release fertilizer significantly promoted the growth of plant height, stem diameter and underground part of lily, and improved the quality of lily. Application of controlled-release fertilizer increased the plant height of lily by 4.85- 13.06and the stem diameter by 10.9- 40.8. The fresh weight of underground bulb of Lilium treated with controlled-release fertilizer was 3.4- 11.4than that of common compound fertilizer. The application of controlled-release fertilizer had a significant effect on increasing chlorophyll content and promoting photosynthesis in lily leaves. The root activity of lily was significantly increased by applying controlled-release fertilizer. After 8 weeks, the effect of CRF was significantly higher than that of common compound fertilizer, and the content of available nutrients in soil was significantly increased by applying CRF. The content of alkaline hydrolyzed nitrogen was increased by 2.50- 15.23, and the effective potassium increased by 5.04-8.33. At the same time, the EC value of Lilium in late growth stage was significantly higher than that of common compound fertilizer, and the effect of controlled-release fertilizer on soil acidification was less than that of common fertilizer. The application of controlled-release fertilizer could significantly increase the accumulation of dry matter in lily and increase the accumulation of dry matter in the aboveground part of lily. Application of controlled-release fertilizer decreased dry matter accumulation and accumulation rate, 19.3-30.5% and 20.8-33.5%, and increased dry matter accumulation and accumulation rate 7 weeks after planting. The maximum dry matter accumulation rate of the plant was increased by 3.90-15.5% and 60.9-63.6than that of the common chemical fertilizer, and the maximum dry matter accumulation rate of the plant appeared later than that of the common chemical fertilizer treatment. Application of controlled-release fertilizer increased dry matter accumulation in lily leaves after planting and stem dry matter accumulation after 8 weeks. Compared with the control, the contents of soluble protein and soluble sugar were increased by 6.27-23.43um and 10.36-14.50. the contents of soluble protein and soluble sugar were increased by 5.91-11.732.49-9.95and 5.91-11.732.49-9.955. the contents of soluble protein and soluble sugar were increased by 5.91-11.732.49-9.95and 5.91- 11.732.49-9.95. respectively, and the contents of soluble protein and soluble sugar increased by 5.91-11.732.49-9.95.
【学位授予单位】：仲恺农业工程学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S682.29

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