辣木施肥效应及其不同种源的抗旱性研究

发布时间：2018-06-07 09:49

本文选题：配方施肥 + 干旱胁迫　；参考：《中国林业科学研究院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本试验通过设置N、P、K肥3因子、3水平涉及9个处理辣木幼苗配方施肥试验,研究其不同施肥配方处理下的苗木的生长效应和产量构建的变化,确定适合辣木有效生长和高产的肥料配方。通过研究4种源辣木幼苗对干旱胁迫的生长、生物量和生理生化响应,观测苗木的生长状况,测定生长性状、各部分生物量、叶绿素含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量、可溶性蛋白(PS)含量、脯氨酸(Pro)含量等指标,探讨不同种源辣木幼苗的耐旱性差异,筛选出耐旱的优良种源。主要研究结果如下:(1)施肥处理对各时期生长有显著的促进作用,营养生长期N肥和K肥占主导作用,适合株高和地径生长的最优组合为N_(150)P_(40)K_(100),适合冠幅和分枝数生长的最优组合为N_(85)P_(85)K_(100)。不同施肥水平对生殖生长有明显促进作用,均在处理N_(150)P_(40)K_(100)中达最大值,且适合辣木产量增加的最优组合为N_(40)P_(150)K_(100)。(2)随着干旱胁迫的加剧,辣木株高、地径、生物量总体均呈下降的趋势,总体而言,轻度胁迫和中度胁迫时下降较快,且不同种源降幅不同,其中MD种源和KNY种源降幅较低。(3)干旱胁迫对不同种源光合色素影响有所差异,其中YD种源和KNY种源含量较少,降幅也低,PK种源含量较高,但变化差异较大。总体而言,4种源辣木的Chla、Chl(a+b)、Car含量变化趋势表现为随胁迫程度的加深呈现出先增加后下降的趋势,重度胁迫含量最低。(4)不同种源生化指标在相同处理下差异不明显,但干旱胁迫对辣木的生化指标影响较大,SOD和CAT均随胁迫程度的加深表现出先增加后下降的趋势,轻度干旱胁迫下增加趋势不明显,重度胁迫迅速下降,下降到一定程度后,趋于稳定。而POD、MDA、Pro表现为随胁迫加剧而递增,但胁迫后期增速较缓。GS总体表现为下降的趋势,种源间差异较小,但在中度胁迫时降幅较大,差异显著。(5)POD和CAT之间呈极显著正相关(P0.01),POD和SP之间呈极显著负相关(P0.01),SP与MDA呈极显著负相关(P0.01),SP与Pro呈显著负相关(P0.05)。(6)采用隶属函数法对4种源辣木的耐旱性作综合评价,不同种源辣木的耐旱性存在明显的差异,耐旱性由强到弱为:MD种源㧐KNY种源㧐YD种源㧐PK种源。
[Abstract]:In this experiment, the effect of growth and the change of yield construction of the seedlings under different fertilizer treatments were studied by setting up the level of 3 factors and 3 factors of N ~ (2 +) P ~ (+) K fertilizer, which involved nine treatments of hot wood seedling formula fertilization, in order to study the effect of fertilizer application on the growth of seedlings. The fertilizer formula suitable for effective growth and high yield of spicy wood was determined. The growth, biomass, physiological and biochemical responses to drought stress were studied, and the growth characteristics, biomass, chlorophyll content and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured. The activities of peroxidase POD, catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), soluble protein (PSN), proline (Proprol) and so on were studied. The main results were as follows: (1) Fertilizer treatment had a significant promoting effect on the growth of each stage, N fertilizer and K fertilizer played the leading role in the vegetative growth period, and the optimum combination for plant height and ground diameter growth was N ~ (150) P ~ (+) ~ (40) K ~ (+) ~ (1) C ~ (-1), and the optimum combination for the growth of crown and branch number was N ~ (85) P ~ (+) ~ + ~ (85) K ~ (+) ~ (100) ~ (-1) for the growth of plant height and ground diameter. Different fertilization levels had a significant effect on reproductive growth, all of them reached the maximum value in the treatment of NSCL 150 PX 40 KT / L), and the optimum combination suitable for the increase of spicy wood yield was NSCT 40 PSP 150 KT. 2) with the increase of drought stress, the plant height, ground diameter and biomass of Agaricum officinalis were all decreasing, as a whole, the plant height, ground diameter and biomass showed a downward trend, as a result of drought stress, the plant height, ground diameter and biomass were decreased. In general, the decrease of light stress and moderate stress was faster, and the decrease was different among different provenances, among which MD provenance and KNY provenance had a lower decrease.) drought stress had different effects on photosynthetic pigments of different provenances. Among them, the content of YD provenance and KNY provenance was less, and the decrease was lower. The content of PK provenance was higher, but the variation was significant. As a whole, the change trend of Chlaanus chllraebtii Car content showed that the content increased first and then decreased with the deepening of stress degree, and the lowest content of severe stress was 0.14) the biochemical indexes of different provenances had no significant difference under the same treatment. But the effect of drought stress on the biochemical indexes was greater than that under drought stress. With the deepening of the stress degree, both SOD and CAT showed a tendency of increasing first and then decreasing, but the increasing trend was not obvious under mild drought stress, but decreased rapidly under severe stress, and then decreased to a certain degree. Tend to stabilize. However, the growth rate of PODN MDAP increased with the increase of stress, but in the late stage of stress, the growth rate was slow. GS showed a downward trend, and the difference between provenances was small, but the decrease was larger in moderate stress. There was a very significant positive correlation between P0.01POD and SP. There was a very significant negative correlation between P0.01P and MDA. There was a significant negative correlation between P0.01P and Pro (P0.05P0.05P0.05N. Y6) the drought tolerance of four provenances was evaluated by membership function method, and the relationship between P0.01P and MDA was evaluated by the membership function method, and the drought resistance of four provenances was evaluated by using the membership function method, and the results showed that the drought tolerance of the four provenances was evaluated by using the membership function method. There were significant differences in drought tolerance between different provenances, and the drought tolerance from strong to weak was the provenance of KNY provenance and the PK provenance of YD provenance.
【学位授予单位】：中国林业科学研究院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S792.99

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